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دسته بندی:
مدیریت دانش - knowledge management
سال انتشار:
2018
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Most finance to halt desertification also benefits multiple ecosystem services: A key to unlock investments in Land Degradation Neutrality?
ترجمه فارسی عنوان مقاله:
مالی بیشتری برای توقف بیابان زایی از خدمات اکوسیستم چندگانه بهره مند می شوند: یک کلید برای باز کردن سرمایه گذاری در بی طرفی از دست دادن زمین است؟
منبع:
Sciencedirect - Elsevier - Ecosystem Services, 31 (2018) 265-277. doi:10.1016/j.ecoser.2018.04.003
نویسنده:
Simone Quatrini a,b,c,⇑, Neville D. Crossman d
چکیده انگلیسی:
Quantifying the demand for multiple ecosystem services is difficult because it is subjective and hetero
geneous. Using land degradation as a case study, this paper explores land restoration finance as a proxy
for global ecosystem service demand. Land degradation has been high on the UN agenda since the 1992
Rio Summit, together with climate change and biodiversity. The supply of many ecosystem services is
declining due to land degradation and desertification, particularly in drylands. The inclusion of a Land
Degradation Neutrality (LDN) target in the United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development reaffirmed the commitment by the international community to tackle this global environ
mental challenge. If this vision adequately reflects society’s values, as expressed through demand for
ecosystem services, we should see land restoration finance targeting areas where potential ecosystem
service supply could be enhanced the most. To test this hypothesis, we used spatial analysis of key
ecosystem services, as well as comparative analysis of synergistic values and other indicators of financial
resources committed between 2008 and 2013 to address land degradation. These activities can generate
multiple benefits for many ecosystem functions and services. Official activity-level environmental ratings
– called Rio Markers – were used to identify those activities that were intended to produce multiple
ecosystem services benefits in terms of land restoration, biodiversity protection and climate change mit
igation. Our analysis concludes that many land restoration activities are synergistic and reveals other
important aspects: (i) developing countries report, on average, higher synergistic values than developed
countries and development finance organizations; (ii) donor countries report more conservatively than
recipient countries; (iii) multi-purpose synergistic projects attract more funders than single-purpose
ones. In some cases countries with high ecosystem service supply receive higher investment, but this
finding is not strong, indicating that investment could be more strategically targeted. These findings sug
gest, in particular, that the synergistic features of multi-purpose land restoration activities could be har
nessed to enhance investment effectiveness and impact. This, in turn, would make LDN finance more
prominent in development aid portfolios and in public/private sustainable investment strategies.
Keywords: Ecosystem services ، Synergies ، SDGs ، Drylands ، Land Degradation Neutrality ، LDN fund
قیمت: رایگان
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