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دسته بندی:
مدیریت پروژه - Project Management
سال انتشار:
2020
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Challenges and benefits of community-based safer school construction
ترجمه فارسی عنوان مقاله:
چالش ها و مزایای جامعه مبتنی بر ساخت و ساز امن تر مدرسه
منبع:
Sciencedirect - Elsevier - International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 43 (2020) 101384. doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101384
نویسنده:
Rebekah Paci-Green a,*, Bishnu Pandey b, Hayley Gryc c, Nick Ireland d, Jair Torres e, Mich�ele Young f
چکیده انگلیسی:
Over the last two decades, millions of classrooms have been built through such efforts as the global Education for
All campaign and the Millennium Development Goals. Community-based school construction is prevalent in
areas where the onus of education has traditionally been on the community or where governments has devolved
decision-making to subnational or local bodies. Interviews with 58 practitioners with expertise in communitybased
construction in Africa, Latin America, and Asia illuminate both the challenges and benefits of
community-based approaches. These practitioners sought to achieve the twin goal of ensuring children have
access to educational facilities and ensuring such facilities are able to withstand natural hazards without costly
damage that can kill, injure children and school personnel, or disrupt education. Practitioners found that
community-based approaches to safer school construction can support local livelihoods and build capacity; the
approach can also increase the skills of local stakeholders for maintaining the school after project completion. It
also helps develop local capacity for disaster risk management. However, practitioners noted that introduction of
new materials and construction techniques, which may be necessary to achieve hazard-resistant construction,
were sometimes resisted or ineffectively implemented. Other times, decisions at the design stage did not
adequately reflect field realities, increasing risk to future occupants. Overall, reduction in labor and material
costs often came with slower construction and higher costs devoted to local training and oversight. The insights
help identify key principles for community-based construction that can help ensure safer schools and increased
community capacity for disaster risk reduction.
Keywords: Comprehensive school safety | school construction | education | disasters
قیمت: رایگان
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