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دسته بندی:
هوش مصنوعی - Artificial intelligence
سال انتشار:
2020
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Lessons Learned About Autonomous AI: Finding a Safe, Efficacious, and Ethical Path Through the Development Process
ترجمه فارسی عنوان مقاله:
درسهایی که درباره هوش مصنوعی مستقل آموخته اند: یافتن راهی ایمن ، کارآمد و اخلاقی از طریق فرایند توسعه
منبع:
Sciencedirect - Elsevier - American Journal of Ophthalmology, 214 (2020) 134-142. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2020.02.022
نویسنده:
MICHAEL D. ABRA` MOFF, DANNY TOBEY, AND DANTON S. CHAR
چکیده انگلیسی:
Artificial intelligence (AI) describes systems capable of
making decisions of high cognitive complexity; autonomous
AI systems in healthcare are AI systems that
make clinical decisions without human oversight. Such
rigorously validated medical diagnostic AI systems hold
great promise for improving access to care, increasing accuracy,
and lowering cost, while enabling specialist physicians
to provide the greatest value by managing and
treating patients whose outcomes can be improved.
Ensuring that autonomous AI provides these benefits requires
evaluation of the autonomous AI’s effect on patient
outcome, design, validation, data usage, and
accountability, from a bioethics and accountability
perspective. We performed a literature review of bioethical
principles for AI, and derived evaluation rules for
autonomous AI, grounded in bioethical principles. The
rules include patient outcome, validation, reference standard,
design, data usage, and accountability for medical liability.
Application of the rules explains successful US
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) de novo authorization
of an example, the first autonomous point-of-care
diabetic retinopathy examination de novo authorized by
the FDA, after a preregistered clinical trial. Physicians
need to become competent in understanding the potential
risks and benefits of autonomous AI, and understand its
design, safety, efficacy and equity, validation, and liability,
as well as how its data were obtained. The autonomous
AI evaluation rules introduced here can help
physicians understand limitations and risks as well as
the potential benefits of autonomous AI for their
patients. (Am J Ophthalmol 2020;214:134–142.
قیمت: رایگان
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