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نتیجه جستجو - 3GPP

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 10
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 On 5G network slice modelling: Service-, resource-, or deployment-driven?
در مدل سازی برش شبکه 5G: سرویس ، منابع یا استقرار محور؟-2020
Network slicing has been one of the hottest topics in standardization recently, as telecom operators are intensively investigating its usage for operating isolated and independently configurable logical networks, in order to ease and promote the network sharing and neutral hosting business. However, extensive deployments of slice management solutions are often impeded by incompatibilities of the used slice data models, which stem from different definitions and modelling approaches for the slicing concept, e.g., some driven by 3GPP standards, others by other standards or proprietary solutions, and so on. Although various studies on slicing have been performed, none of them has focused on slice data modelling across research and standards. Incompatible slice models do not only limit interoperability but they also reduce the efficiency of network slicing systems. This paper lays a foundation towards more efficient and interoperable network slice modelling by methodically investigating, categorizing, and formally describing core slice modelling approaches, including new modelling suggestions. Subsequently, we analyse their advantages and disadvantages and we propose slice model quality metrics, which we use for performing a case study on our testbed.
Keywords: 5G | Slicing | NFV | Data modelling
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Where to Go Next? : A Realistic Evaluation of AI-Assisted Mobility Predictors for HetNets
بعد کجا برویم؟ : ارزیابی واقعی پیش بینی کننده های تحرک با کمک هوش مصنوعی برای HetNets-2020
Abstract—5G is considered as the ecosystem to abet the ever growing number of mobile devices and users requiring an unprecedented amount of data and highly demanding Quality of Experience (QoE). To accommodate these demands, 5G requires extreme densification of base station deployment, which will result in a network that requires overwhelming efforts to maintain and manage. User mobility prediction in wireless communications can be exploited to overcome these foregoing challenges. Knowledge of where users will go next enables cellular networks to improve handover management. In addition, it allows networks to engage in advanced resource allocation and reservation, cell load prediction and proactive energy saving. However, anticipating the movement of humans is, in itself, a challenge due to the lack of realistic mobility models and insufficiencies of cellular system models in capturing a real network dynamics. In this paper, we have evaluated Artificial Intelligence (AI)-assisted mobility predictors. We model mobility prediction as a multi-class classification problem to predict the future base station association of the mobile users using Extreme Gradient Boosting Trees (XGBoost) and Deep Neural Networks (DNN). Using a realistic mobility model and a 3GPPcompliant cellular network simulator, results show that, XGBoost outperforms DNN with prediction accuracy reaching up to 95% in a heterogeneous network (HetNet) scenario with shadowing varied from 0dB to 4dB.
Index Terms: Mobility prediction | AI | self- organizing networks (SON) | Deep Neural Networks | XGBoost | HetNets
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Standards as a driving force that influences emerging technological trajectories in the converging world of the Internet and things: An investigation of the M2M/IoT patent network
استانداردها به عنوان یک نیروی محرک که بر مسیرهای تکنولوژیکی در حال گسترش در جهان همگرا از اینترنت اشیا تأثیر می گذارد: مرور شبکه انحصاری M2M / IoT-2017
While standards are said to create windows of opportunity in facilitation of technological convergence, it is not clear how they affect technological trajectories and strategic choices of firms in the face of convergence and in the process of catch-up. There is little research on the relationship between standards and technological trajectories, particularly in the age of convergence. This paper investigates how standards shape the emerging M2M/IoT technological trajectory and influence convergence in terms of technological importance and diversity. We, firstly, found that standards are a driving force of technological convergence. The second finding is that 3GPP standards assume a crucial role in setting the boundary conditions of the M2M/IoT technological systems. Third, we identified strategic groups and strategic patents that centered around the M2M/IoT trajectory. Forth, standards serve as an important factor in the process of creating a new path for catch-up firms (e.g. Huawei). These findings make contributions to innovation and standards studies by empirically examining the relationship between technological trajectories and standards. Furthermore, they clearly cast light on ongoing cooperation and competition along the M2M/IoT trajectory, and offer practical implications for catch-up strategies.
Keywords: M2M/IoT | Standards | Technological trajectory | Catch-up
مقاله انگلیسی
4 An intelligent scheduling scheme for real-time traffic management using Cooperative Game Theory and AHP-TOPSIS methods for next generation telecommunication networks
برنامه زمان بندی هوشمند برای مدیریت ترافیک در زمان واقعی با استفاده از نظریه بازی تعاونی و روش AHP-TOPSIS برای نسل بعدی شبکه های مخابراتی-2017
The emerging and exponential growth of telecommunication networks have developed a variety of smart and powerful devices to handle a wide range of multimedia applications such as Voice over IP (VoIP), video streaming, etc. 3GPP introduced Long Term Evolution (LTE) in release 8 and LTE-Advanced (A) in release 10 to support multimedia traffic as these technologies offers high data rate, high bandwidth, and low latency. It also created new challenges to handle resource allocation and power optimization of User Equipment (UE). The paper explores radio resource allocation and power consumption problem of UE in LTE environment. An intelligent scheduling scheme developed is based on Cooperative Game Theory (CGT) method and AHP-TOPSIS method. It distributes resources in a fair way among a number of applica tions and UE are prioritized based on certain criteria like delay, throughput history, UE buffer space and channel conditions and preferences. In LTE, Discontinuous Reception (DRX) has been adopted to conserve the battery life of UE. DRX periodically switches off the radio interfaces to conserve the battery life but it may breach Quality of Service (QoS). Therefore, the DRX parameters need to be further optimized to sat isfy QoS and minimize power consumption of UE. DRX parameters are dynamically adjusted on the basis of current load and channel condition of the network. Power saving operations are numerically analyzed. Simulation results show that the expert and an intelligent system can distribute resources in a fair way among UE, improves the battery consumption of UE up to 85% and packets transmission delay by 10% as compared to existing scheme for real-time applications.
Keywords: Cooperative Game Theory | AHP-TOPSIS method | LTE | Scheduling | DRX
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Minimizing contention collision probability and guaranteeing packet delay for cloud big data transmissions in 4G LTE-A packet random access
به حداقل رساندن احتمال برخورد و تضمین تاخیر بسته برای ابر انتقال داده های بزرگ در 4G LTE-A با دسترسی تصادفی بسته-2017
For transmitting Explosive Bursts Big Data of Mobile Cloud Computing applications, the 4G LTE/LTE-A standards are specified to provide extreme high data rate and low access delay for various real-time demanded cloud services. In the uplink, data packet transmissions of different classes of traffic of vari ous UEs need randomly contend for the limited number of preambles through the Uplink RACH channel time slots. Clearly, the extremely explosive data contentions certainly yield serious collisions, and then significantly increase access delay and packet dropping rate. That is, the quality of service (QoS) of the delay-sensitive-based real-time traffic and the loss-sensitive-based non-real-time traffic cannot be guar anteed satisfyingly. For overcoming the critical random access issue in cloud services over 4G LTE-A, 3GPP specifies the Uniform Distribution Backoff Procedure and Access Class Barring (ACB) as the random ac cess mechanism. The Random Access CHannel (RACH) for random contentions in 3GPP LTE-A neglects some key factors: 1) different classes of traffic requiring different delay bounds, 2) how to reducing col lision probability, 3) intensive congestion traffic and 4) differentiating the collision domains. This paper thus proposes an adaptive random contention approach (ARC) that consists of three phases: 1) Sigmoid based Access Class Barring algorithm, 2) Dynamic Preamble Selection Range (DPSR) algorithm, and 3) Dynamic Initial Backoff (DIB) algorithm. The main contribution of ARC is based on the adaptive Sigmoid feature analysis of Cumulative Distribution Function of Normal Distribution according to the successful contention probability and the RACH congestion state. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms the compared approaches in collision probability, goodput and access delay. Fur thermore, the mathematical analytical model for the proposed approach is analyzed. The analysis result is very close the simulation result. It justifies the correctness and efficiency of the proposed approach.
Keywords:Big data cloud service|Random access channel (RACH)|LTE-A|Differentiate preamble collision domains|Collision probability
مقاله انگلیسی
6 On the Performance of Narrow-Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT)
کارایی اینترنت اشیا محدود (NB-IoT)-2017
Narrow-Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is 3GPP’s cellular technology designed for narrow-band and Low-Power Wide Area Network (LPWN). NB-IoT provides deep indoor coverage for thousands of low-data-rate and low-powered devices. Coverage enhancement for devices in weak coverage condition is enabled by having signal repetitions over extended period of time in order to boost the signal quality. Performance gain from repetitions of signals is limited by channel estimation quality. In this paper we analyze impact of channel coherence time on the uplink coverage. In addition to analytical performance bound and simulation results, we also present coverage performance results from practical measurements using a NB-IoT prototype. It is reported how the NB-IoT coverage improvement is limited by the channel estimation quality and coherence time of the channel.
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Minimizing contention collision probability and guaranteeing packet delay for cloud big data transmissions in 4G LTE-A packet random access
به حداقل رساندن احتمال برخورد و تضمین تاخیر بسته برای ابر انتقال داده های بزرگ در 4G LTE-A با دسترسی تصادفی بسته-2017
For transmitting Explosive Bursts Big Data of Mobile Cloud Computing applications, the 4G LTE/LTE-A standards are specified to provide extreme high data rate and low access delay for various real-time demanded cloud services. In the uplink, data packet transmissions of different classes of traffic of vari ous UEs need randomly contend for the limited number of preambles through the Uplink RACH channel time slots. Clearly, the extremely explosive data contentions certainly yield serious collisions, and then significantly increase access delay and packet dropping rate. That is, the quality of service (QoS) of the delay-sensitive-based real-time traffic and the loss-sensitive-based non-real-time traffic cannot be guar anteed satisfyingly. For overcoming the critical random access issue in cloud services over 4G LTE-A, 3GPP specifies the Uniform Distribution Backoff Procedure and Access Class Barring (ACB) as the random ac cess mechanism. The Random Access CHannel (RACH) for random contentions in 3GPP LTE-A neglects some key factors: 1) different classes of traffic requiring different delay bounds, 2) how to reducing col lision probability, 3) intensive congestion traffic and 4) differentiating the collision domains. This paper thus proposes an adaptive random contention approach (ARC) that consists of three phases: 1) Sigmoid based Access Class Barring algorithm, 2) Dynamic Preamble Selection Range (DPSR) algorithm, and 3) Dynamic Initial Backoff (DIB) algorithm. The main contribution of ARC is based on the adaptive Sigmoid feature analysis of Cumulative Distribution Function of Normal Distribution according to the successful contention probability and the RACH congestion state. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms the compared approaches in collision probability, goodput and access delay. Fur thermore, the mathematical analytical model for the proposed approach is analyzed. The analysis result is very close the simulation result. It justifies the correctness and efficiency of the proposed approach.
Keywords: Big data cloud service | Random access channel (RACH) | LTE-A | Differentiate preamble collision domains | Collision probability
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Numerical analysis of the power saving with a bursty traffic model in LTE-Advanced networks
تجزیه و تحلیل عددی ذخیره نیرو(صرفه جویی در انرژی) با مدل ترافیک bursty در شبکه های LTE-پیشرفته-2014
We analyze the power saving operation called Discontinuous Reception (DRX) with a novel bursty packet arrival model in 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE)-Advanced networks. Typical analytical studies on the power saving operations in wireless networks have been carried out under the assumption that an expectation of exponentially distributed packet arrival intervals stays unchanged. However, practical packet arrival rate may change depending on time or typical Internet services may incur bursty packet arrivals. In either case, we need to evaluate the performance of the DRX operation. For this purpose, we develop a more realistic traffic arrival model considering packets may arrive in a bursty manner under the DRX operation. We, then, analyze the performance of the DRX operation in terms of power saving efficiency and average queuing delay, respectively. The analytical results are validated via comparisons with simulation results. Keywords: 3GPP LTE-Advanced DRX Power saving
مقاله انگلیسی
9 کاهش انرژی در شبکه‌های سلولی کوچک با استراتژی خاموش/روشن‌شدن تصادفی
سال انتشار: 2013 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 6 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 24
داده‌های برنامه‌های کاربردی می‌توانند یک تاخیر اولیه را قبل از اینکه انتقال بسته شروع شود تحمل کنند. درنظرگرفتن مزایای این تاخیر اولیه برای کاهش انرژی مورد نیاز برای عمل در نقاط دسترسی کوچک (SAP) و کاهش توان انتقال در شبکه‌های سلولی کوچک ممکن است. برای شرح توازن بین تاخیر و قدرت انتقال، یک الگوی دسترسی ساده را بررسی کردیم و توزیع فاصله انتقال تجهیزات کاربر را تحلیل کردیم. در توضیحات، تعداد کافی از سلول‌های کوچک برای اداره اوج بار ترافیکی وجود داشتند. به‌منظور کاهش میانگین‌مصرف توان، تعدادی SAP درطول مدت تقاضاهای کمتر خاموش‌می‌شوند. مصرف توان می‌تواند با تنظیم همه SAP به حالت روشن و خاموش، نسبت به انتخاب یک زیرمجموعه و خاموش کردن‌ آن‌ها کاهش یابد. از انجایی که بسیاری از SAP ها در ترافیک پایین خاموش هستند، UE ممکن است قادر به ذخیره انرژی با تاخیر در انتقال آن‌ها و انتظار برای دسترس‌پذیری به SAP نزدیک‌تر باشد. تا شاید توان انتقال را کاهش دهد. ما کارایی انرژی را در برابر توزان تاخیر تحلیل می‌کنیم، شرایط بهینه را برای توان انتقال UE بررسی می‌کنیم و نتایج تحلیلی خود را با شبیه‌سازی بررسی می‌کنیم. نتایج نشان‌می‌دهند که 1) به جای خاموش کردن SAP ها به‌ مدت طولانی، آن‌ها را به طور پیوسته خاموش و روشن کنید و مزایای تاخیر اولیه را برای ارتباط با توجه به مقدار کاهش در توان انتقال درنظر بگیرید و 2) میانگین مصرف توان SAP را کاهش دهید.
کلمات کلیدی : 3GPP | کارایی انرژی | شبکه سبز | LTE | شبکه‌های سلولی
مقاله ترجمه شده
10 مروری بر فناوری 5G
سال انتشار: 2012 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 5 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 17
فناوری 5G، به نسل پنجم فناوری موبایل اطلاق می گردد. 5G نامیست که در بعضی از مقالات تحقیقی و پروژه ها برای مشخص کردن فاز بعدی استانداردهای مخابرات که فراتر از استاندارد های 4G هستند استفاده می شود. در حال حاضر از این نام در هیچ سند رسمی استفاده نمی گردد، اما با این حال توسط شرکت های بزرگ مخابراتی و یا مراجع استاندارد گذاری مانند 3GPP، WiMA ، Forum یا ITU-R به کرات مورد استفاده قرار گرفته و عموم با این نام آشنا هستند. استاندارد های نوین فراتر از 4G، توسط مراجع استاندارد گذاری، درحال پیشرفت و بروز رسانی هستند اما درحال حاضر به عنوان نسل جدید موبایل شناخته نمی شوند زیرا اجرای آن و جمع کردن سیستم هایی که با 4G خو گرفته اند هنوز انجام نشده است. اهداف شبکه ارتباطات مبتنی بر 5G، به طور کامل به سوالات و چالش هایی که نسل چهارم در حال حاضر با آن ها روبروست پاسخ می دهد و به طور گسترده ایی مورد استفاده قرار خواهد گرفت.
کلمات کلیدی: شبکه IP مسطح | BDM | معماری نانو تکنولوژی 5G | رایانش ابری
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