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نتیجه جستجو - Artificial neural networks

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 78
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Classical Artificial Neural Network Training Using Quantum Walks as a Search Procedure
آموزش شبکه عصبی مصنوعی کلاسیک با استفاده از راه رفتن کوانتومی به عنوان یک روش جستجو-2022
This article proposes a computational procedure that applies a quantum algorithm to train classical artificial neural networks. The goal of the procedure is to apply quantum walk as a search algorithm in a complete graph to find all synaptic weights of a classical artificial neural network. Each vertex of this complete graph represents a possible synaptic weight set in the w-dimensional search space, where w is the number of weights of the neural network. To know the number of iterations required a priori to obtain the solutions is one of the main advantages of the procedure. Another advantage is that the proposed method does not stagnate in local minimums. Thus, it is possible to use the quantum walk search procedure as an alternative to the backpropagation algorithm. The proposed method was employed for a XOR problem to prove the proposed concept. To solve this problem, the proposed method trained a classical artificial neural network with nine weights. However, the procedure can find solutions for any number of dimensions. The results achieved demonstrate the viability of the proposal, contributing to machine learning and quantum computing researches.
Index Terms: Artificial neural networks training | quantum computing | quantum walk | search algorithm
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Information and Measurement System for Electric Power Losses Accounting in Railway Transport
اطلاعات و سیستم اندازه گیری برای حسابداری تلفات برق در حمل و نقل ریلی-2021
The purpose of the presented research is to minimize the loss of electricity during the operation of railway power systems. Losses are defined as an unbalance between the released and consumed electricity, which is recorded by means of commercial electricity ccounting. Given that electricity losses are divided into technical and non-technical (commercial) components, there are currently no technical tools that can analyze the components of electricity losses in detail, and therefore prevent their occurrence. To achieve this goal, the factors inherent in commercial electricity accounting systems in various areas of production activity that affect the growth of electricity losses are identified. An algorithm is proposed that allows determining the presence of abnormal power losses in real time for making organizational and technical decisions to reduce them. A block diagram of the information and measurement system for accounting of power losses has been developed, which allows using the existing equipment without replacement or modernization, which allows obtaining new technical capabilities. The method of intellectualization of the process of classification of factors that cause the growth of abnormal power losses, based on artificial neural networks, is posed. The intelligent module allows replacing the person who makes organizational and technical decisions, minimizing the consequences of abnormal situations that lead to the growth of abnormal losses, applying the proposed solutions in departments that do not have qualified specialists. The results of training an artificial neural network are considered, and the main parameters of the efficiency of the information and measurement system for loss accounting on a real railway transport object are determined.
Keywords: Power Loss | Artificial Neural Networks.
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Global assessment of marine phytoplankton primary production: Integrating machine learning and environmental accounting models
ارزیابی جهانی از تولید اولیه فیتوپلانکتون دریایی: یکپارچه سازی یادگیری ماشین و مدل های حسابداری محیطی-2021
The emergy accounting method has been widely applied to terrestrial and marine ecosystems although there is a lack of emergy studies focusing on phytoplankton primary production. Phytoplankton production is a pivotal process since it is intimately coupled with oceanic food webs, energy fluxes, carbon cycle, and Earth’s climate. In this study, we proposed a new methodology to perform a biophysical assessment of the global phytoplankton primary production combining Machine Learning (ML) techniques and an emergy-based accounting model. Firstly, we produced global phytoplankton production estimates using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model. Secondly, we assessed the main energy inputs supporting the global phytoplankton production. Finally, we converted these inputs into emergy units and analysed the results from an ecological perspective. Among the energy flows, tides showed the highest maximum emergy contribution to global phytoplankton production highlighting the importance of thise flow in the complex dynamics of marine ecosystems. In addition, an emergy/ production ratio was calculated showing different global patterns in terms of emergy convergence into the primary production process. We believe that the proposed emergy-based assessment of phytoplankton produc- tion could be extremely valuable to improve our understanding of this key biological process at global scale adopting a systems perspective. This model can also provide a useful benchmark for future assessments of marine ecosystem services at global scale.
keywords: تولید اولیه فیتوپلانکتون | اکولوژی سیستم ها | شبکه های عصبی مصنوعی | یادگیری ماشین | حسابداری امری | Phytoplankton primary production | Systems ecology | Artificial neural networks | Machine learning | Emergy accounting
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Quality evaluation of Keemun black tea by fusing data obtained from near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy and computer vision sensors
ارزیابی کیفی چای سیاه کیمون با ترکیب داده های بدست آمده از طیف سنجی بازتابنده مادون قرمز نزدیک و حسگرهای بینایی ماشین-2021
Keemun black tea is classified into 7 grades according to the difference in its quality. The appearance and flavour are crucial indicators of its quality. This research demonstrates a rapid grading method of jointly using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) and computer vision systems (CVS) to evaluate the flavour and appearance quality of tea. A Bruker MPA Fourier Transform near-infrared spectrometer was used to record the spectrum of samples. A computer vision system was used to capture the image of tea leaves in an unobstructed manner. 80 tea samples for each grade were analyzed. The performance of four NIRS feature extraction methods (principal component analysis, local linear embedding, isometric feature mapping, and convolutional neural network (CNN)) was compared in this study. Histograms of six geometric features (leaf width, leaf length, leaf area, leaf perimeter, aspect ratio, and rectangularity) of different tea samples were used to describe their appearance. A feature-level fusion strategy was used to combine softmax and artificial neural networks (ANN) to classify NIRS and CVS features. The results indicated that for an individual NIRS signal, CNN achieved the highest classification accuracy with the softmax classification model. The histograms of the combined shape features indicated that when the softmax classification model was used, the classification accuracy was also higher than ANN. The fusion of NIRS and CVS features proved to be the optimal combination; the accuracy of calibration, validation and testing sets increased from 99.29%, 96.67% and 98.57% (when the optimal features from a singlesensor were used) to 100.00%, 99.29% and 100.00% (when features from multiple-sensors were used). This study revealed that the combination of NIRS and CVS features can be a useful strategy for classifying black tea samples of different grades.
Keywords: Keemun black tea | Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy | Computer vision system | Feature fusion | Convolutional neural network | Quality identification
مقاله انگلیسی
5 ANN modelling of CO2 refrigerant cooling system COP in a smart warehouse
مدل سازی ANN سیستم خنک کننده کولر CO2 COP در یک انبار هوشمند-2020
Industrial cooling systems consume large quantities of energy with highly variable power demand. To reduce environmental impact and overall energy consumption, and to stabilize the power requirements, it is recommended to recover surplus heat, store energy, and integrate renewable energy production. To control these operations continuously in a complex energy system, an intelligent energy management system can be employed using operational data and machine learning. In this work, we have developed an artificial neural network based technique for modelling operational CO2 refrigerant based industrial cooling systems for embedding in an overall energy management system. The operating temperature and pressure measurements, as well as the operating frequency of compressors, are used in developing operational model of the cooling system, which outputs electrical consumption and refrigerant mass flow without the need for additional physical measurements. The presented model is superior to a generalized theoretical model, as it learns from data that includes individual compressor type characteristics. The results show that the presented approach is relatively precise with a Mean Average Percentage Error (MAPE) as low as 5%, using low resolution and asynchronous data from a case study system. The developed model is also tested in a laboratory setting, where MAPE is shown to be as low as 1.8%.
Keywords: Industrial cooling systems | Carbon dioxide refrigerant | Artificial neural networks | Coefficient of performance | Energy storage | Smart warehouse
مقاله انگلیسی
6 AI-based Framework for Deep Learning Applications in Grinding
چارچوبی مبتنی بر هوش مصنوعی برای کاربردهای یادگیری عمیق در شبکه سازی-2020
Rejection costs for a finish-machined gearwheel with grinding burn can rise to the order of 10,000 euros each. A reduction in costs by reducing rejection rate by only 5-10 pieces per year already amortizes costs for data-acquisition hardware for online process monitoring. The grinding wheel wear, one of the major influencing factors responsible for the grinding burn, depends on a large number of influencing variables like cooling lubricant, feed rate, circumferential wheel speed and wheel topography. In the past, machine learning algorithms such as Support Vector Machines (SVM), Hidden Markov Models (HMM) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) have proven effective for the predictive analysis of process quality. In addition to predictive analysis, AI-based applications for process control may raise the resilience of machining processes. Using machine learning methods may also lead to a heavy reduction of cost amassed due to a physical inspection of each workpiece. With this contribution, information from previous works is leveraged and an AI-based framework for adaptive process control of a cylindrical grinding process is introduced. For the development of such a framework, three research objectives have been derived: First, the dynamic wheel wear needs to be modelled and measured, because of its strong impact on the resulting workpiece quality. Second, models to predict the quality features of the produced workpieces depending on process setup parameters and materials used have to be established. Here, special focus is set on deriving models that are independent of a specific wheel-workpiece-pair. The opportunity to use such a model in a variety of grinding configurations gives the production line consistent process support. Third, the resilience of analytical models regarding graceful degradation of sensors needs to be tackled, since the stability of such systems has to be guaranteed to be used in productive environments. Process resilience against human errors and sensor failures leads to a minimization of rejection costs in production. To do so, a framework is presented, where virtual sensors, upon the failure or detection of an erroneous signal from physical sensors, will be activated and provide signals to the downstream smart systems until the process is completed or the physical sensor is changed.
Keywords: Cylindrical Grinding | Wheel Wear | Virtual Sensors | Process Resilience | Artificial Intelligence
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Modeling of forward osmosis process using artificial neural networks (ANN) to predict the permeate flux
مدل سازی فرآیند اسمزوز رو به جلو با استفاده از شبکه های عصبی مصنوعی (ANN) برای پیش بینی شار نفوذ-2020
Artificial neural networks (ANN) are black box models that are becoming more popular than transport-based models due to their high accuracy and less computational time in predictions. The literature shows a lack of ANN models to evaluate the forward osmosis (FO) process performance. Therefore, in this study, a multi-layered neural network model is developed to predict the permeate flux in forward osmosis. The developed model is tested for its generalization capability by including lab-scale experimental data from several published studies. Nine input variables are considered including membrane type, the orientation of membrane, molarity of feed solution and draw solution, type of feed solution and draw solution, crossflow velocity of the feed solution, and the draw solution and temperature of the feed solution and the draw solution. The development of optimum network architecture is supported by studying the impact of the number of neurons and hidden layers on the neural network performance. The optimum trained network shows a high R2 value of 97.3% that is the efficiency of the model to predict the targeted output. Furthermore, the validation and generalized prediction capability of the model is tested against untrained published data. The performance of the ANN model is compared with a transport-based model in the literature. A simple machine learning technique such as a multiple linear regression (MLR) model is also applied in a similar manner to be compared with the ANN model. ANN demonstrates its ability to form a complex relationship between inputs and output better than MLR.
Keywords: Artificial neural network | Forward osmosis | Water treatment | Desalination | Machine learning
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Correlation minimizing replay memory in temporal-difference reinforcement learning
حداقل سازی همبستگی پاسخ در یادگیری تقویتی متفاوت موقت -2020
Online reinforcement learning agents are now able to process an increasing amount of data which makes their approximation and compression into value functions a more demanding task. To improve approx- imation, thus the learning process itself, it has been proposed to select randomly a mini-batch of the past experiences that are stored in the replay memory buffer to be replayed at each learning step. In this work, we present an algorithm that classifies and samples the experiences into separate contextual memory buffers using an unsupervised learning technique. This allows each new experience to be as- sociated to a mini-batch of the past experiences that are not from the same contextual buffer as the current one, thus further reducing the correlation between experiences. Experimental results show that the correlation minimizing sampling improves over Q-learning algorithms with uniform sampling, and that a significant improvement can be observed when coupled with the sampling methods that prioritize on the experience temporal difference error.
Keywords: Reinforcement learning | Temporal-difference learning | Replay memory | Artificial neural networks
مقاله انگلیسی
9 Fatigue life prediction of metallic materials considering mean stress effects by means of an artificial neural network
پیش بینی طول عمر خستگی مواد فلزی با توجه به میانگین اثرات استرس با استفاده از شبکه عصبی مصنوعی-2020
The mean stress effect plays an important role in the fatigue life predictions, its influence significantly changes high-cycle fatigue behaviour, directly decreasing the fatigue limit with the increase of the mean stress. Fatigue design of structural details and mechanical components must account for mean stress effects in order to guarantee the performance and safety criteria during their foreseen operational life. The purpose of this research work is to develop a new methodology to generate a constant life diagram (CLD) for metallic materials, based on assumptions of Haigh diagram and artificial neural networks, using the probabilistic Stüssi fatigue S-N fields. This proposed methodology can estimate the safety region for high-cycle fatigue regimes as a function of the mean stress and stress amplitude in regions where tensile loading is predominance, using fatigue S-N curves only for two stress R-ratios. In this approach, the experimental fatigue data of the P355NL1 pressure vessel steel available for three stress R-ratios (−1, −0.5, 0), are used. A multilayer perceptron network has been trained with the back-propagation algorithm; its architecture consists of two input neurons (σm, N) and one output neuron (σa). The suggested CLD based on trained artificial neural network algorithm and probabilistic Stüssi fatigue fields applied to dog-bone shaped specimens made of P355NL1 steel showed a good agreement with the high-cycle fatigue experimental data, only using the stress R-ratios equal to 0 and −0.5. Furthermore, a procedure for estimating the fatigue resistance reduction factor, Kf , for the fatigue life prediction of structural details (stress R-ratios equal to 0, 0.15 and 0.3) in extrapolation regions is suggested and used to generate the Kf results for stress R-ratios from −1 to 0.3, based on machine learning artificial neural network algorithm.
Keywords: Fatigue | Artificial neural network | Back-propagation algorithm | Stüssi model | Constant life diagram
مقاله انگلیسی
10 Ensemble Learning Against Adversarial AI-driven Fake Task Submission in Mobile Crowdsensing
آموزش گروهی در برابر ارسال ترفند کار جعلی هدایت شده توسط هوش مصنوعی در ازدحام جمعیت سیار-2020
Non-dedicated nature of mobile crowdsensing (MCS) systems introduces vulnerabilities for MCS platforms in terms of sensing, computing, storage, and battery resources. The advent of adversarial artificial intelligence (AI) leads to high impact malicious behavior when adversaries aim to clog the resources of such a non-dedicated and ubiquitous system. This paper proposes an ensemble learning-based methodology for MCS platforms in order to mitigate the impacts of adversarial AI-driven fake task submission attacks, which are intelligently designed so to clog resources such as batteries, sensing, or memory resources. We validate our proposal through realistic simulations to generate crowdsensing data under two different cities, and intelligent fake task submissions under adversarial self-organizing maps. The experimental results show that when the submitted tasks undergo a Gradient Boosting-based classifier prior to being assigned to participants, the proposed solution can introduce battery savings at the participant devices up to 23%, and the impacted recruit population can be reduced from 24% to 6% whereas the defense mechanism can achieve an overall accuracy level above 98% concerning the legitimacy of the submitted tasks.
Index Terms: Mobile crowdsensing | IoT | self-organizing feature map | Machine learning | Artificial neural networks | Clogging attacks
مقاله انگلیسی
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