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Digital Twin-driven approach to improving energy efficiency of indoor lighting based on computer vision and dynamic BIM
رویکرد دیجیتال دوقلو برای بهبود بهره وری انرژی در روشنایی داخلی بر اساس بینایی کامپیوتر و BIM پویا-2022 Intelligent lighting systems and surveillance systems have become an important part of intelligent buildings. However, the current intelligent lighting system generally adopts independent sensor control and
does not perform multi-source heterogeneous data fusion with other digital systems. This paper fully
considers the linkage between the lighting system and the surveillance system and proposes a digital
twin lighting (DTL) system that mainly consists of three parts. Firstly, a visualized operation and maintenance (VO&M) platform for a DTL system was established based on dynamic BIM. Secondly, the environment perception, key-frame similarity judgment, and multi-channel key-frame cut and merge
mechanism were utilized to preprocess the video stream of the surveillance system in real-time.
Lastly, pedestrians detected using YOLOv4 and the ambient brightness perceived by the environment
perception mechanism were transmitted to the cloud database and were continuously read by the
VO&M platform. The intent here was to aid timely adaptive adjustment of the digital twin and realistic
lighting through the internet. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by experimenting
with a surveillance video stream for 14 days. The key results of the experiments are as follows: (1) the
accuracy rate of intelligent decision control reached 95.15%; (2) energy consumption and electricity costs
were reduced by approximately 79%; and (3) the hardware cost and energy consumption of detection
equipment and the time and cost of operation and maintenance (O&M) were greatly reduced.
keywords: Computer vision | Digital Twin | Dynamic BIM | Energy-efficient buildings | Intelligent lighting control |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Quantum Annealing Methods and Experimental Evaluation to the Phase-Unwrapping Problem in Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging
روشهای آنیل کوانتومی و ارزیابی تجربی مسئله بازکردن فاز در تصویربرداری رادار دیافراگم مصنوعی-2022 The focus of this work is to explore the use of quantum annealing solvers for the problem of
phase unwrapping of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. Although solutions to this problem exist based
on network programming, these techniques do not scale well to larger sized images. Our approach involves
formulating the problem as a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problem, which can
be solved on a quantum annealer. Given that present embodiments of quantum annealers remain limited
in the number of qubits they possess, we decompose the problem into a set of subproblems that can be
solved individually. These individual solutions are close to optimal up to an integer constant, with one
constant per subimage. In a second phase, these integer constants are determined as a solution to yet another
QUBO problem. This basic idea is extended to several passes, where each pass results in an image which is
subsequently decomposed to yet another set of subproblems until the resulting image can be accommodated
by the annealer at hand. Additionally, we explore improvements to the method by decomposing the original
image into overlapping subimages and ignoring the results on the overlapped (marginal) pixels. We test our
approach with a variety of software-based QUBO solvers and on a variety of images, both synthetic and real.
Additionally, we experiment using D-wave systems’ quantum annealer, the D-wave 2000Q_6 and developed
an embedding method which, for our problem, yielded improved results. Our method resulted in high quality
solutions, comparable to state-of-the-art phase-unwrapping solvers.
INDEX TERMS: Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) | phase unwrapping, quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) | quantum annealing. |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Comments on biometric-based non-transferable credentials and their application in blockchain-based identity management
نظرات در مورد اعتبارنامه های غیرقابل انتقال مبتنی بر بیومتریک و کاربرد آنها در مدیریت هویت مبتنی بر بلاک چین-2021 In IT-ecosystems, access to unauthorized parties is prevented with credential-based access control techniques (locks, RFID cards, biometrics, etc.). Some of these methods are
ineffective against malicious users who lend their credentials to other users. To obtain
non-transferability, Adams proposed a combination of biometrics encapsulated in Pedersen
commitment with Brands digital credential. However, Adams’ work does not consider the
Zero Knowledge Proof-of Knowledge (ZKPoK) system for Double Discrete Logarithm Representation of the credential. Besides, biometrics is used directly, without employing any
biometric cryptosystem to guarantee biometric privacy, thus Adams’ work cannot be GDP compliant. In this paper, we construct the missing ZKPoK protocol for Adam’s work and
show its inefficiency. To overcome this limitation, we present a new biometric-based nontransferable credential scheme that maintains the efficiency of the underlying Brands credential. Secondly, we show the insecurity of the first biometric-based anonymous credential
scheme designed by Blanton et al.. In this context, we present a brute-force attack against
Blanton’s biometric key generation algorithm implemented for fuzzy vault. Next, we integrate an Oblivious PRF (OPRF) protocol to solve the open problem in Blanton’s work and
improve its efficiency by replacing the underlying signature scheme with PS-signatures. Finally, we evaluate application scenarios for non-transferable digital/anonymous credentials
in the context of Blockchain-based Identity Management (BBIM). We show that our modified constructions preserve biometric privacy and efficiency, and can easily be integrated
into current BBIM systems built upon efficient Brands and PS-credentials. Keywords: Biometrics security | Non-transferability | Digital credentials | Anonymous credentials | Fuzzy vault | Fuzzy extractors | Double discrete logarithm (DDL) | Brands DLRep | Selective disclosure | Blockchain | Identity management |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Transition from building information modeling (BIM) to integrated digital delivery (IDD) in sustainable building management: A knowledge discovery approach based review
انتقال از مدل سازی اطلاعات ساختمان (BIM) به تحویل دیجیتال یکپارچه (IDD) در مدیریت پایدار ساختمان: بررسی روش کشف دانش مبتنی بر بررسی-2021 Over the past decade, building information modeling (BIM) and sustainability have attracted increased
interest, with a concomitant rise in the number of related publications. However, research efforts made
in BIM for sustainable building management, especially using in all four Integrated Digital Delivery (IDD)
phases are minimal. Therefore, this study features a combined scientometric analysis and IDD thematic
discussion examining 471 scholarly bibliographies accessed from the Web of Science (WoS) database. The
purpose of this study is to statistically classify BIM-sustainability publications from 2007 to 2019 in order
to understand the research status, key themes, trends, and future challenges to be addressed in the field
of sustainable BIM. The most influential scholars, institutes, regions/countries, articles, and journals have
been identified. Moreover, clustering analyses identified topics that sustainable BIM research tended to
gravitate toward, such as cloud approaches, data sharing, life cycle energy efficiency, and informetric
analysis. The top 100 most cited documents from WoS were also manually classified into four quadrants
of IDD, namely design, fabrication, construction, and asset delivery and management. Ten BIMsustainability phenomena were observed throughout the life cycle of IDD. Finally, key research gaps
and important areas for future research in this field were identified. The clearly delineated clusters and
themes provide a practical overview and a deeper understanding of the current research progress of IDD
for building sustainability, highlighting the challenges and research gaps for future research.
keywords: مدلسازی اطلاعات ساختمان | بررسی انتقادی | سبوس سبز | تحویل دیجیتال مجتمع (IDD) | تجزیه و تحلیل علم سنجی | پایداری | Building information modeling | Critical review | Green BIM | Integrated digital delivery (IDD) | Scientometric analysis | Sustainability |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Establishment and application of intelligent city building information model based on BP neural network model
ایجاد و کاربرد مدل اطلاعات هوشمند شهرسازی براساس مدل شبکه عصبی BP-2020 The construction of smart cities in our country has received extensive attention. Under the situation that
smart cities are vigorously promoted nowadays, compared with traditional construction and operation and
maintenance methods, building information model (BIM) technology is more suitable to serve as an important
foundation for intelligent management in the whole process of construction projects. BIM is an abbreviation
for building information model. BIM relies on a variety of digital technologies, which can be used to realize
information modeling of urban buildings and infrastructure. The efficiency of information exchange in the
process of intelligence construction ensures the integrity and accuracy of information data exchange and
maintains the consistency of information data exchange. Data and information have objectivity, applicability,
transferability, and sharing. Geographic data is a digital representation of various geographical features and
phenomena and their relationships. BIM is a digital representation of physical and functional characteristics
of a facility. It can It is used as a shared knowledge resource for facility information. It becomes a reliable
basis for facility life-cycle decision-making. Input BP neural network, and then learn and train by BP neural
network. Keywords: BP neural network | Smart city | Building information model |
مقاله انگلیسی |
6 |
Automatic underground space security monitoring based on BIM
نظارت بر امنیت خودکار فضای زیرزمینی بر اساس BIM-2020 Traditional underground space safety monitoring is ineffective as data continuity is weak, systematic and
random errors are prominent, data quantification is difficult, data stability is scarce (especially in bad weather),
and it is difficult to guarantee human safety. In this study, BIM technology and multi-data wireless sensor
network transmission protocol, cloud computing platform are introduced into engineering monitoring, real-time
online monitoring equipment, cloud computing platform and other hardware and software are developed, and
corresponding online monitoring system for structural safety is developed to realize online monitoring and early
diagnosis of underground space safety. First, the shape of the underground space, the surrounding environment,
and various monitoring points are modeled using BIM. Then, the monitoring data collected from sensors at
the engineering site are transmitted to the cloud via wireless transmission. Data information management
is then realized via cloud computing, and an actual state-change trend and security assessment is provided.
Finally, 4D technology (i.e., 3D model + time axis) that leverages a deformation chromatographic nephogram
is used to facilitate managers to view deformation and safety of their underground spaces. To overcome past
shortcomings, this system supports the management of basic engineering project data and storage of historical
data. Furthermore, the system continuously reflects the fine response of each monitoring item under various
working conditions all day, which has significant theoretical value and application. Keywords: BIM technology | Deformation monitoring | Automation information | Management model |
مقاله انگلیسی |
7 |
Thermal runaway and thermodynamic second law of a reactive couple stress hydromagnetic fluid with variable properties and Navier slips
قانون دوم گرمازدایی و ترمودینامیکی یک مایع هیدرومغناطیسی و فشار چند واکنشی با خواص متغیر و لغزش Navier-2020 Theoretical solutions of a thermal runaway and irreversibility thermodynamic analysis of a couple stress hydromagnetic reactive fluid with Navier slip conditions and variable prop- erties are examined. Ignoring the material assumption, the fluid is taken to be actively exothermic under Bimolecular kinetics. The dimensionless modeled equations are analyti- cally solved using weighted residual method coupled with collocation techniques to obtain the bifurcation branch chain for criticality, irreversibility rate, flow rate and heat distribu- tion solutions. It was noticed that the variable properties have no significant influence on the couple stress reactive liquid and heat distribution. Also, at high thermodynamic equi- librium, entropy generation in the system is minimized. This study results will help in un- derstanding the relationship that exist between thermal explosion and thermal branched- chain in managing industrial engines in order to avoid system blow up. Keywords: Thermal runaway | Irreversibility | Non-Newtonian fluid | Chemical kinetics | Hydromagnetic |
مقاله انگلیسی |
8 |
Automated clash resolution for reinforcement steel design in concrete frames via Q-learning and Building Information Modeling
رزولوشن برخورد خودکار برای طراحی فولاد تقویت کننده در قاب های بتنی از طریق یادگیری Q و مدل سازی اطلاعات ساخت-2020 The design of reinforcing steel bars (rebars) is critical to reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Generally, a good
number of rebars are required by a design code, particularly at member connections. As such, rebar clashes (i.e.,
collisions and congestions) would be inevitable. It would be impractical, labor-intensive, and error-prone to
avoid all possible clashes manually or even using standard design software. The building information modeling
(BIM) technology has been utilized by the present architecture, engineering, and construction (ACE) industry for
clash-free rebar designs. However, most existing BIM-based approaches offer the clash resolution strategy for
moving components with an optimization algorithm, and are only applicable to the RC structures with regular
shapes. In particular, the optimized path of rebars cannot be adjusted to avoid the obstacles, thus limiting the
practical applications. Furthermore, most existing studies lack the learning from design code and constructibility
constraints to realize automatic and intelligent arrangement and adjustment of rebars for avoiding the obstacles
encountered in complex RC joints and frame structures. Considering these shortcomings, the authors have recently
proposed an immediate reward-based multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) system with BIM, towards
automatic clash-free rebar designs of RC joints without clashes. However, as the immediate reward is
required in the MARL system for guiding the learning of a rebar design, it will not succeed in clash-free rebar
designs of complex RC structures where immediate reward is often unavailable. In this study, this study further
extends the previous work with Q-learning (a model-free reinforcement learning algorithm) for more realistic
path planning considering both immediate and delayed rewards in clash-free rebar designs for real-world RC
structures. In particular, the rebar design problem is treated as a path-planning problem of multi-agent system,
where each rebar is deemed as an intelligence reinforcement learning agent. Next, by employing the Q-learning
as the reinforcement learning engine, the particular form of state, action, and immediate and delayed rewards
for the reinforcement MARL for automatic rebar designs considering more actual constructible constraints and
design codes can be developed. Comprehensive experiments on three typical beam-column joints and a two-story
RC building frame were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed method. The study results of paths
of rebar designs, success rates, and average time confirm that the proposed framework with MARL and BIM is
effective and efficient. Keywords: Building Information Modeling | Reinforcement learning | Multi-agent | Q-learning | Rebar design | Clash resolution | Reinforced concrete frame |
مقاله انگلیسی |
9 |
Chronographical spatiotemporal dynamic 4D planning
برنامه ریزی پویا مکانی 4D فضایی و زمانی-2020 Originally, BIM models were developed for design perspectives only. Over the past two decades, several research
works, methods and software have been developed to combine the 3D digital model of BIM (building information
modeling) to the construction activities in order to simulate a 4D simulation of the project construction
process. The fourth dimension is time. The simulation shows the work sequences with the aim of
correcting planning errors, execution conflicts and serving as an aid in optimizing the worksite. The time dimension
was added by integrating the Gantt/Precedence diagram into the simulation. Despite its almost exclusive
popularity, this method hardly represents the spatial management of the site, the occupancy rate and the
circulation of people and materials. For that, the 4D modeling process was quite demanding in terms of time and
effort with several rounds back and forth between the BIM model and the schedule.
The Chronographic modeling, a space planning method has the ability to alternate between visual representations
approaches using a set of graphical parameters. Each approach can help to model adapted schedules
for different project types and specialties, shows valuable information in a clear and comprehensible
manner and facilitate solving construction site problems visually. The aim of this paper is to present a communication
strategy between the 3D-BIM model, the Chronographical modeling and the 4D simulation. The
development process consists of four steps. The first step is to define the numerical parameters to adapt the
model to the space management. The second step serves to develop a communication strategy and tool. The third
step presents the Chronological scheduling process and the last step was the validation of the results through the
simulation. The obtained result demonstrates the validity of the proposed solution by integrating the spatial
management to the 4D simulation. Future work could integrate supply management and or apply the solution to
case studies in order to validate and improve the process. Keywords: BIM | 4D modeling | Chronographical modeling | Scheduling | Space-planning |
مقاله انگلیسی |
10 |
Work package-based information modeling for resource-constrained scheduling of construction projects
مدل سازی اطلاعات مبتنی بر بسته کار برای برنامه ریزی محدود منابع از پروژه های ساختمانی-2020 As an essential problem in construction management, the resource-constrained project scheduling problem
(RCPSP) has been studied for decades; however, an integrated information model that fully supports the RCPSP
solving process is still lacking. Though building information modeling (BIM) was proposed to meet the data
requirements in the building life cycle, some scheduling and resource information are not considered in information
transfers between the information model and the RCPSP mathematical model. This paper presents an
integrated approach that enables fluent data flow from the information model to the RCPSP model for construction
scheduling. Within this approach, a work package-based information model is proposed to capture all
the required data of the RCPSP. Then, a semiautomatic method that integrates multisource data is introduced to
form the proposed information model, and an adaptive data transmission method is used to support a designed
multimode resource-constrained project scheduling problem (MRCPSP) model. The models and approaches are
validated using the data of an actual project, demonstrating the feasibility and efficiency. This study contributes
a novel integrated approach to formalizing a construction information model using a semiautomatic data integration
approach, covering the information requirement and enables fluent data flow in the RCPSP solving
process. Meanwhile, the work package-based information model is a successful attempt to introduce previouslygained
knowledge into automatic schedule generation processes. Future work, such as extending the information
model, creating new methods for RCPSP model generation, and data analytics, can bring new opportunities to
apply more complex and intelligent methods in project scheduling and construction management. Keywords: Information modeling | Data integration | Resource-constrained scheduling | Work package | Constraint programming | Optimization |
مقاله انگلیسی |