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نتیجه جستجو - Best practices

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 54
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Evolution of Quantum Computing: Theoretical and Innovation Management Implications for Emerging Quantum Industry
تکامل محاسبات کوانتومی: مفاهیم مدیریت نظری و نوآوری برای صنعت کوانتومی در حال ظهور-2022
Quantum computing is a vital research field in science and technology. One of the fundamental questions hardly known is how quantum computing research is developing to support scientific advances and the evolution of path-breaking technologies for economic, industrial, and social change. This study confronts the question here by applying methods of computational scientometrics for publication analyses to explain the structure and evolution of quantum computing research and technologies over a 30-year period. Results reveal that the evolution of quantum computing from 1990 to 2020 has a considerable average increase of connectivity in the network (growth of degree centrality measure), a moderate increase of the average influence of nodes on the flow between nodes (little growth of betweenness centrality measure), and a little reduction of the easiest access of each node to all other nodes (closeness centrality measure). This evolutionary dynamics is due to the increase in size and complexity of the network in quantum computing research over time. This study also suggests that the network of quantum computing has a transition from hardware to software research that supports accelerated evolution of technological pathways in quantum image processing, quantum machine learning, and quantum sensors. Theoretical implications of this study show the morphological evolution of the network in quantum computing from a symmetric to an asymmetric shape driven by new inter-related research fields and emerging technological trajectories. Findings here suggest best practices of innovation management based on R&D investments in new technological directions of quantum computing having a high potential for growth and impact in science and markets.
Index Terms: Innovation management | quantum algorithms | quantum computing (QC) | quantum network | technological change | technological paradigm | technological trajectories.
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Building a Quantum Engineering Undergraduate Program
ساخت برنامه کارشناسی مهندسی کوانتومی-2022
Contribution: A roadmap is provided for building a quantum engineering education program to satisfy U.S. national and international workforce needs. Background: The rapidly growing quantum information science and engineering (QISE) industry will require both quantumaware and quantum-proficient engineers at the bachelor’s level. Research Question: What is the best way to provide a flexible framework that can be tailored for the full academic ecosystem? Methodology: A workshop of 480 QISE researchers from across academia, government, industry, and national laboratories was convened to draw on best practices; representative authors developed this roadmap. Findings: 1) For quantum-aware engineers, design of a first quantum engineering course, accessible to all STEM students, is described; 2) for the education and training of quantum-proficient engineers, both a quantum engineering minor accessible to all STEM majors, and a quantum track directly integrated into individual engineering majors are detailed, requiring only three to four newly developed courses complementing existing STEM classes; 3) a conceptual QISE course for implementation at any postsecondary institution, including community colleges and military schools, is delineated; 4) QISE presents extraordinary opportunities to work toward rectifying issues of inclusivity and equity that continue to be pervasive within engineering. A plan to do so is presented, as well as how quantum engineering education offers an excellent set of education research opportunities; and 5) a hands-on training plan on quantum hardware is outlined, a key component of any quantum engineering program, with a variety of technologies, including optics, atoms and ions, cryogenic and solid-state technologies, nanofabrication, and control and readout electronics.
Index Terms: Quantum engineering | quantum information science (QIS) | undergraduate education.
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Resident Opioid Prescribing Habits Do Not Reflect Best Practices in Post-Operative Pain Management: An Assessment of the Knowledge and Education Gap
عادت های تجویز داروهای ساکن، بهترین شیوه ها را در مدیریت درد پس از عمل منعکس نمی کنند: ارزیابی شکاف دانش و آموزش-2021
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate deficiencies in knowledge and education in opioid prescribing and to compare surgical resident opioid-prescribing practices to Opioid Prescribing Engagement Network (OPEN) procedure-specific guidelines.
DESIGN: Anonymous web-based survey distributed to all general surgery residents to evaluate prior education received and confidence in knowledge in opioid prescribing. The number of 5 milligram oxycodone tablets prescribed for common procedures was assessed and compared with OPEN for significance using Wilcoxon signed rank tests.
SETTING: General surgery residency program within large university-based tertiary medical center. PARTICIPANTS: Categorical general surgery residents of all postgraduate years.
RESULTS: Fifty-six of 72 (78%) categorical residents completed the survey. Few reported receiving formal education in opioid prescribing in medical school (32%) or residency (16%). While 82% of residents felt confident in opioid side effects, fewer felt the same with regards to opioid pharmacokinetics (36%) or proper opioid disposal (29%). Opioids prescribed varied widely with residents prescribing significantly more than recommended by OPEN in 9 of 14 procedures.
CONCLUSIONS: Tackling the evolving opioid epidemic requires a multidisciplinary approach that addresses prescribing at all steps of the process, starting with trainee education.
KEY WORDS: Opioid Epidemic | Opioid Prescribing Engagement Network | Surgical Education | Resident Education
COMPETENCIES: Patient Care, Medical Knowledge, Practice-Based Learning and Improvement
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Digitalization of the healthcare supply chain: A roadmap to generate benefits and effectively support healthcare delivery
دیجیتالی شدن زنجیره تأمین مراقبت های بهداشتی: نقشه راهی برای ایجاد مزایا و حمایت موثر از ارائه خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی-2021
The healthcare supply chain lags far behind supply chains in other industries in terms of performance and the deployment of best practices. Managers could bridge this gap and improve the performance of the healthcare supply chain by implementing digitalization initiatives. However, the erratic, disconnected digitalization of practices already deployed in the healthcare sector makes it difficult to maximize the potential of these initiatives. In order to generate the greatest benefits from digitalization while improving healthcare delivery, this article sets out a roadmap for implementing technologies. Unlike previous studies that focused on the entire supply chain or had been limited to patient flow, this study adopts the perspective of the hospital as a central launching point for digitalization initiatives. The roadmap, which involves both internal and external digitalization trajectories, is based on a research methodology that combines observations with an umbrella review of literature. This methodology enables us to capture the research challenges associated with the healthcare supply chain and show how digitalization initiatives can address them. The digitalization proposals put forward are structured in terms of priority and centered on hospitals. These proposals can help managers make improvements to the supply chain and also clinical flows.
Keywords: Supply chain | Digital supply chain | Logistics | Healthcare delivery | Benefits | Technology
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Resilient regional food supply chains and rethinking the way forward: Key takeaways from the COVID-19 pandemic
زنجیره های تأمین مواد غذایی منطقه ای انعطاف پذیر و بازنگری در مسیر پیش رو: اقداماتی اساسی از بیماری همه گیر COVID-19-2021
Context: The U.S. food supply system relies heavily on vertically-integrated food supply chains (FSCs), which leverage large-scale production, streamlined operations, and centralized planning and control to provide consumers with a consistent supply of food. However, these FSCs were seriously disrupted upon the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2020. During the height of the crisis, they were slow to respond to production system failures and sudden and widespread changes in consumer demand. By contrast, many regionalized food supply chains (RFSCs) proved to be adaptive and responsive to changes in demand and delivery requirements, quickly pivoting to distribute products directly to consumers safely.
Objective: The objective of this research is to explore how RFSCs can improve the resilience of the U.S. food supply system in the face of large-scale disruptions like the COVID-19 crisis. In particular, this research seeks to gain a greater understanding of how RFSCs can leverage logistics best practices for efficient and reliable distribution to consumers in normal times and during disasters.
Methods: This study presents seven case studies of RFSCs in Texas and Iowa that adopted logistics best practices to enable them to provide their customers with convenient and safe purchasing mechanisms during the COVID- 19 emergency. A description of how the strategies adopted by each participant promote the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development goals is provided.
Results and conclusions: The successes experienced by these farmers and distributors at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic were a consequence of their willingness to adopt new distribution and logistics strategies. Collaboration among RFSC actors was a particularly effective strategy, as well as the adoption of scale- appropriate information and communication technologies, which helped to facilitate collaboration. Further, these case studies demonstrate how improved logistics performance allowed RFSCs to contribute to the health and well-being of their communities in a time of need.
Significance: These case studies demonstrate the potential of RFSCs to support a resilient and socially-sustainable food system that communities can rely on, even in the face of a major disruption like COVID-19. The adoption of logistics best practices helped these RFSCs to develop new organizational strengths that will likely support sustainable development in their communities after the crisis ends.
Keywords: UN Sustainable Development Goals | Regional food supply chains | Resilience | COVID-19 | Logistics best practices | Case studies
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Preparing students for the future of work: Lessons learned from telecommuting in public accounting
آماده سازی دانش آموزان برای آینده کار: درس های آموخته شده از راه دور در حسابداری عمومی-2021
The COVID-19 pandemic required essentially all public accounting professionals to telecommute. However, alternative work arrangements (AWAs) such as telecommuting have long been offered by accounting firms to mitigate work-family conflict and other concerns inherent to the public accounting profession. Prior research has examined attitudes and perceptions about AWAs, but relatively little is known from the AWA adopters themselves and those who work directly with them. Given the heavy reliance on teamwork, multiple supervisors, and multiple clients in public accounting, it is not clear how telecommuting impacts critical relationship dynamics. Accounting students, though experienced with remote learning, can learn from pre-COVID telecommuters’ insights and experiences. In this paper, we interview telecommuters in public accounting as well as a non telecommuting teammate (subordinate or superior) to develop rich insights about telecommuting’s impact from multiple perspectives. Our findings present best practices and challenges regarding telecommuting implementation within a team setting. Our results are useful to accounting educators as they advise and mentor today’s students, who are likely to enter a workforce with increasing prevalence of telecommuting post COVID.
keywords: ترتیبات کار جایگزین | دینامیک تیم | تعادل زندگی کاری | حسابداری عمومی | Alternative work arrangements | Team dynamics | Work-life balance | Public accounting
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Leading successful government-academia collaborations using FLOSS and agile values
پیشرو همکاریهای موفق دولت و آکادمی با استفاده از FLOSS و مقادیر چابک-2020
Government and academia share concerns for efficiently and effectively servicing societal demands, which includes the development of e-government software. Government-academia partnerships can be a valu- able approach for improving productivity in achieving these goals. However, governmental and academic institutions tend to have very different agendas and organizational and managerial structures, which can hinder the success of such collaborative projects. In order to identify effective approaches to overcome collaboration barriers, we systematically studied the case of the Brazilian Public Software portal project, a 30-month government-academia collaboration that, using Free/Libre/Open Source Software practices and agile methods for project management, developed an unprecedented platform in the context of the Brazil- ian government. We gathered information from experience reports and data collection from repositories and interviews to derive a collection of practices that contributed to the success of the collaboration. In this paper, we describe how the data analysis led to the identification of a set of three high-level decisions supported by the adoption of nine best practices that improved the project performance and enabled professional training of the whole team.
Keywords: Project management | Government-Academia collaboration | Free software | Open source software | Agile methodologies | e-Government
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Learning from abroad: An interdisciplinary exploration of knowledge transfer in the transport domain
یادگیری از خارج از کشور: کاوش میان رشته ای در انتقال دانش در حوزه حمل و نقل-2020
A growing body of work conceptualizes study visits or study tours as a tool to accelerate policy transfer of, for example, best practices. Participation in study tours appears increasingly common for city management and decision makers involved in transportation policy. This paper extends current research to explore how knowledge gained from study tours transfers to an organizational or inter-organizational level. We aim to generate insights about specific characteristics of study tours that facilitate knowledge transfer. To do so, this study conceptualizes study tours as “trainings”, borrowing concepts and metrics from human resource development (HRD) literature on “learning transfer”. We employ a mixed-method approach. A survey was conducted (n = 109) with US-based city management and officials who participated in study tours on cycling policies. Results demonstrate four influential characteristics of study tours: individual learning, leadership participation, knowledge integration activities, and positive group dynamics. In-depth interviews (n = 15) suggest nuances of these mechanisms. The paper concludes with a reflection of how transportation organizations learn from study tours.
Keywords: Knowledge transfer | Study tours | Cycling | Transport policy | Capacity building
مقاله انگلیسی
9 Supporting the deployment of ISO-based project management processes with agile metrics
پشتیبانی از استقرار فرآیندهای مدیریت پروژه مبتنی بر ISO با معیارهای چابک-2020
Agile approaches are well perceived in software development companies. These approaches are not faced with traditional process models. This research analyses how by defining and monitoring a set of Agile metrics, Agile mature companies can be also conformant with the best practices proposed by the targeted ISO process reference models. Conformance has been identified with five Technical Management processes of the ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207 standard and with two activities of the Project Management process of the ISO/IEC TR 29110-5-1-2 standard. The findings may be of the interest of those Agile settings that need to work according to the process model established in the company.
Keywords: Agile, Metrics | Project Management | Software Process Improvement | ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207 | ISO/IEC TR 29110-5-1-2
مقاله انگلیسی
10 Advancing social media derived information messaging and management: A multi-mode development perspective
پیشبرد پیام رسانی و مدیریت اطلاعات مشتق شده از رسانه های اجتماعی: چشم انداز توسعه چند حالته-2020
With global reach of over 2 billion active users, the evolution of Social Media (SM) systems has provided organizations with sophisticated tools and technologies for delivering business objectives. Importantly, while marketers and public relations experts have taken leading positions in promotion and advancement of SM, project managers are often tasked with delivering SM systems. In this study, a sample of 127 project managers were asked to evaluate and recommend modes of SM development for six diverse firms using a four-part taxonomy. The results show that firms of varying size can employ narrowly focused and low cost SM development modes to meet their business objectives, with well-resourced firms able to use experimental modes to deliver widespread and higher cost ‘listen and learn’ SM systems. Alternatively, in addition to achieving groundswell promotions and broader business marketing and sales influencing objectives, firms that engage in large scale SM developments can document and implement SM best practices and apply multi-organizational collaborations required for information exchange, customer feedback and experience sharing. These managerial perspectives expose the intrinsic connections between SM systems and information messaging and management within firms. The article builds further into cumulative studies directed at SM systems construction, deployment, and firm capability affordances.
Keywords: Social media | Development | Mode | Messaging | Systems
مقاله انگلیسی
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