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1 |
A detailed MILP formulation for the optimal design of advanced biofuel supply chains
یک فرمول دقیق MILP برای طراحی بهینه زنجیره های پیشرفته تأمین سوخت زیستی-2021 The optimal design of a biomass supply chain is a complex problem, which must take into account multiple interrelated factors (i.e the spatial distribution of the network nodes, the efficient planning of logistics activities, etc.). Mixed Integer Linear Programming has proven to be an effective mathematical tool for the optimization of the design and the management strategy of Advanced Biofuel Supply Chains (ABSC). This work presents a MILP formulation of the economical optimization of ABSC design, comprising the definition of the associated weekly management plan. A general modeling approach is proposed with a network structure comprising two intermediate echelons (storage and conversion facilities) and accounts for train and truck freight transport. The model is declined for the case of a multi- feedstock ABSC for green methanol production tested on the Italian case study. Residual biomass feed- stocks considered are woodchips from primary forestry residues, grape pomace, and exhausted olive pomace. The calculated cost of methanol is equal to 418.7 V/t with conversion facility cost accounting for 50% of the fuel cost share while transportation and storage costs for around 15%. When considering only woodchips the price of methanol increases to 433.4 V/t outlining the advantages of multi-feedstock approach.© 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-NDlicense (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Keywords: Residual biomass | Advanced biofuels | Supply chain design | Logistics network | MILP | Optimization |
مقاله انگلیسی |
2 |
Biomass supply chain equipment for renewable fuels production: A review
تجهیزات زنجیره تأمین زیست توده برای تولید سوخت های تجدیدپذیر: یک مروز-2021 The production of renewable fuels is a critical component of global strategies to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Moreover, the collection of raw materials for its production can provide added benefits such as reduction of wildfire risk, additional income for farmers, and decreased disposal costs. Although there is substantial literature on design and modeling of supply chains, the authors were unable to find a single reference with the information needed for the selection and cost estimation of each type of equipment involved in the supply chain. Therefore, the goal of this research is to gather information necessary for the construction and utilization of models that might drive the identification of a feasible supply chain to produce renewable fuels at a commercial scale. The primary objectives are to 1) understand the supply chain of critical feedstocks for renewable fuels production; 2) identify the equipment commercially available for collection and ad equation of feedstock; and 3) consolidate information regarding equipment cost, energy consumption, and efficiency, as well as feedstock storage and transportation systems. This paper provides a compilation for five feedstock types studied for sustainable aviation fuel production: 1) agricultural residues and grasses, 2) forest residues, 3) urban wood waste, 4) oilseeds, 5) fats, oils & greases. All the technologies involved from the field to the gate of the preprocessing or conversion unit were reviewed. The information on fats, oils & greases supply chains and equipment purposely designed for forest thinning and pruning was very limited. Keywords: Feedstock | Collection and adequation | Biofuels | Renewable fuels | Sustainable aviation fuel | Supply chain configuration |
مقاله انگلیسی |
3 |
Malaysia scenario of biomass supply chain-cogeneration system and optimization modeling development: A review
سناریوی مالزی سیستم تولید همزمان زنجیره تأمین زیست توده و توسعه مدل سازی بهینه سازی: یک مرور-2021 The development of biomass-based cogeneration energy systems in Malaysia is progressing to meet the circular economy concept and sustainability goal. This comprehensive review aims to report recent advancements in biomass-based cogeneration/biomass co-firing technology in Malaysia correlated with the optimization modeling role. First, this work presents the outlook and current scenario of cogeneration systems in Malaysia by observing performance and the challenges confronted by the technologies. Next, investigation of technical issues concerning the key players of the technologies and the biomass supply chain. This work had prepared using quantitative content-based analysis-meta-analysis. The practical implication of this review enables a complex optimization model that integrates biomass-based cogeneration and biomass supply chain considering economic and environmental viability. It will further enhance progress toward the Malaysian “Industry 4.0-driven” energy initiative. A novel optimization model grounded on Industry 4.0 parameters will foster new opportunities for researchers. Keywords: Biomass-based cogeneration system | Biomass co-firing | Optimization modeling | Renewable energy | Economic and operational viability |
مقاله انگلیسی |
4 |
Biomass supply chain coordination for remote communities: A game-theoretic modeling and analysis approach
هماهنگی زنجیره تأمین زیست توده برای جوامع از راه دور: رویکرد مدل سازی و تحلیل نظری بازی-2021 Biomass, as one of the most available renewable energies, could reduce dependency on fossil fuels and the consequent environmental impacts. There is a need for biomass supply chain management, which is managing bioenergy production from harvesting feedstock to energy conversion facilities. In case of remote communities, bioenergy adoption requires dealing with dispersed geographies of suppliers and places of consumption with small scales of energy demand. As such, coordination plays a key role in increasing the efficiency of the biomass supply chain network through bundling of demand and thus improving the economy of scale. This paper employs a game-theoretic approach to formulate a coordinated biomass supply chain with three echelons including suppliers, hubs, and energy convertors. To investigate the strategic interactions of participants, three decision making structure scenarios have been considered under Stackelberg game providing insights into the impact of power distribution, the role of side payments in enforcing the flow of decisions, and the resulting efficiency and performance improvements. In doing so, a case study bioenergy supply chain for three northern Canadian communities is explored to demonstrate the application of the proposed formulation, solution methods, and the practicality and significance of the adopted approach and outcomes for remote communities. Keywords: Bioenergy | Supply chains | Coordination | Remote communities | Game theory | Mathematical Program with Equilibrium | Constraints (MPEC) |
مقاله انگلیسی |
5 |
Distance potential concept and its applications to the design of regional biomass supply chains and solving vehicle routing problems
مفهوم بالقوه فاصله و کاربرد آن برای طراحی زنجیره های زیست توده منطقه ای و حل مسائل مسیریابی وسایل نقلیه-2017 This paper presents a new concept, distance potential, which is the sum of the distances from the source
points to the demand point being considered (for supply chains), or the sum of the distances from the
demand (customer) being considered to other demands and the depot (for vehicle routing problems). We
also investigate the applications of the new concept to the design of regional biomass supply chains and
solving vehicle routing problems. In designing a supply chain, the values of the distance potentials are
used to determine the precedence order: the demand point with the largest distance potential value will
be satisfied first. While satisfying a demand point, the source point with the shortest distance to the
demand will be used first. In solving a vehicle routing problem, the new concept is used to identify the
customer which should be included in the first routing to be considered. Then, the network can be
designed starting from the customer identified, and based on a few heuristic rules proposed in this paper.
The results obtained in this work are comparable to or even better than that obtained in the literature. It
is shown that the method proposed is simple and of high computational efficiency.
Keywords:Biomass energy|Supply chain|Distance potential|Vehicle routing problem |
مقاله انگلیسی |
6 |
Economic analysis of woody biomass supply chain in Maine
تجزیه و تحلیل اقتصادی زنجیره تامین زیست توده چوب در مین-2017 An economic biomass supply chain model for Maine was developed to estimate the delivered cost of
biomass chips using the stumpage price paid to the landowner, the cost of harvesting and chipping the
logging residues, and the cost of transporting the biomass chips to a biorefinery for biofuel production.
Harvesting costs were estimated using Maine-specific productivity equations, harvesting assumptions,
and hourly costs, but the resulting model is applicable to any region with woody biomass. Transportation
costs were estimated using round trip distance to the potential biorefinery. The delivered cost of biomass
was estimated for multiple scenarios, including different machine cost rates, variables impacting ma
chine productivity, transport distance, and stand characteristics. When biomass was treated as a waste
product (only chipping costs included), the estimated delivered biomass cost was $11/green tonne (GT)
(with a sensitivity analysis range of $4 to $24/GT), less than half the current biomass chip price in Maine
($28/GT). When a portion of the harvesting cost was included in the delivered biomass cost, the esti
mated delivered biomass cost increased three-fold to $30/GT (with a range of $8-$82/GT). The results of
this analysis will serve as a portion of an integrated sustainability assessment for a new biofuel pathway.
This model can be easily adapted to other geographical regions with different site-specific inputs.
Keywords:Woody biomass|Biomass cost|Maine|Biofuel|Supply chain |
مقاله انگلیسی |
7 |
Resiliency optimization of biomass to biofuel supply chain incorporating regional biomass pre-processing depots
بهینه سازی انعطاف پذیری زیست توده به زنجیره تامین سوخت زیستی با استفاده از انبارهای پیش پردازش زیست توده منطقه ای-2017 Biomass to biofuel supply chain is subject to several potential disruptions such as flood, drought, pest
attack, and equipment failure. These disruptions must be considered while designing the supply chain;
especially if capital cost intensive components such as regional biomass pre-processing depots (RBPD)
are to be implemented. This work develops a supply chain design optimization model that incorporates
the possibility of such disruptions at the design stage. The objective function is the sum of the total cost
incurred during the non-disruption and disruption scenarios weighted by their respective probability of
occurrence. This also quantifies the expected disruption cost (EDC) on the operation of the supply chain.
The decision variables are the locations and capacities of RBPDs and biorefinery, as well as the biomass
flow across the supply chain. The model was applied to two separate case studies, namely, procurement
of corn stover from farms arranged in a generic grid pattern, and procurement of corn stover, switch
grass, and Miscanthus for a region of thirteen counties in Southern Illinois. The simulation results
showed that the consideration of resiliency in design reduced the EDC of supply chain by up to 38% by
optimizing the RBPD locations. The results were shown to depend on the intensity and nature of dis
ruptions. This was especially true for feedstock with higher yield such as Miscanthus. Local parameters
such as yield and biomass price also affected the optimal results. Moreover, the presence of RBPDs was
shown to increase supply chain resiliency.
Keywords:Biomass supply chain|Disruption|Resiliency|Optimization|Pre-processing|Biorefinery|Cost analysis |
مقاله انگلیسی |
8 |
Economic and environmental assessment of agro-energy wood biomass supply chains
ارزیابی اقتصادی و زیست محیطی کشاورزی انرژی زیست توده زنجیره تامین چوب-2017 The aim of this study is to conduct an economic and environmental assessment of forest biomass for
heating, in particular two types of firewood and three types of wood chips were analyzed. Regarding
economic aspects, an analysis was made of production costs and revenues (per tonne of biomass),
considering all the stages involved “from the woods to the mouth of the boiler.” For the environmental
analysis, conducted using life cycle assessment, the stages taken into account went from “the woods to
the heat produced”. The wood biomasses were compared to each other and to fuel oil and natural gas.
The economic analysis showed that at current market prices it is more profitable to produce firewood
rather than wood chips. As concerns the environmental aspects, the results of the LCA showed that, for
the same heat output, forest wood-based fuel has an environmental impact lower than fuel oil, but still
higher than natural gas. There are no big differences in the impact of various wood fuels. In the
conclusion, some ways for improvement have been proposed, in terms of both the economic competi
tiveness of the agro-energy supply chains considered and the reducing of their environmental impact.
Keywords:Wood biomass|Agro-energy|Economic analysis|Environmental assessment|Life cycle assessment|Sustainability |
مقاله انگلیسی |
9 |
A review and future directions in techno-economic modeling and optimization of upstream forest biomass to bio-oil supply chains
بررسی و پیشنهادهای آینده در مدلسازی تکنولوژیکی و بهینه سازی زیست توده جنگل رو به بالا به زنجیره تامین زیستی روغن-2017 Recent interest in biomass supply chain management has stimulated research efforts in the industry and
academic communities. Techno-economic modeling and optimization efforts targeted on the upstream
segment of the forest biomass to bio-oil supply chain are reviewed. Key components of upstream supply
chain decision making are then presented through an overview and classification of the existing methods
and contributions. There is a need to classify and analyze the relevant methodologies and approaches
identified in prior studies, and to subsequently assess their usefulness through empirical research and
case-based analysis. Both narrative and systematic literature reviews are performed using qualitative
analysis and classic bibliometric techniques to demonstrate the scope of current papers and the call for
future needs. It is found, due to growing demands for bioenergy, future biomass-to-bioenergy supply
chains should draw upon existing research toward the development of efficient and effective forest
biomass supply chain networks. It is further concluded that a new generation of pretreatment tech
nologies is needed for techno-economic optimization of upstream forest biomass value chains.
Keywords:Forest biomass|Bioenergy|Bio-oil|Mobile bio-refinery|Techno-economic optimization|Upstream supply chain |
مقاله انگلیسی |
10 |
Key challenges and requirements for sustainable and industrialized biorefinery supply chain design and management: A bibliographic analysis
چالش ها و الزامات کلیدی برای طراحی و مدیریت زنجیره تامین زیست محیطی پایدار و صنعتی: یک تجزیه و تحلیل کتابشناختی-2017 The growing global population and its effects on world food security, as well as the urgency for climate change
mitigation, are issues that foster technological, social, and political innovations to increase the efficiency of use
of natural resources, such as biomass among others. While significant research efforts have been devoted to
biomass conversion processes, their associated supply chains and their implication for complete process
efficiency have only been studied more recently. However, most of the recent investigations into the design and
optimization of biomass supply chains have focused on an economic point of view, sidelining other dimensions
of sustainability, which represents a serious drawback for this kind of work. This article surveys the recent
research on design and management optimization of biorefinery supply chains from a sustainability perspective.
72 published research articles from 2006 to 2015 have been analyzed to highlight the sustainability dimensions
considered, as well as the inclusion of uncertainties. A typology of decision-making at three levels of analysis
(strategic, tactical and operational), and the specific set of tools used to model and optimize the biorefinery
supply chain have also been studied. The conclusion underlines the contributions and shortcomings of current
research and suggests possible future directions.
Keywords:Biorefinery7|Supply chain|Sustainability dimensions|Decision-making levels |
مقاله انگلیسی |