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نتیجه جستجو - Capital constraint

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 8
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Sourcing under competition: The implications of supplier capital constraint and supply chain co-opetition
تأمین منابع تحت رقابت: پیامدهای محدودیت سرمایه تأمین کننده و رقابت همزمان زنجیره تأمین-2021
This paper investigates a manufacturer’s strategic sourcing and supplier financing strategies under downstream horizontal competition and co-opetition. When the manufacturer and the rival engage in a simultaneous-move game, we show that the manufacturer should always exclusively source from and offer finance to a cost-advantageous supplier if the latter is severely capital- constrained. If the supplier is moderately capital-constrained, however, the manufacturer’s preferred sourcing strategy depends on the type of the backup supplier, which leads to a horizontal competition or co-opetition structure. We also examine the robustness of the results by studying the sequential-move game.
Keywords: Supply chain finance | Financing supplier | Dual sourcing | Co-opetition
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Effects of demand uncertainty reduction on the selection of financing approach in a capital-constrained supply chain
اثرات کاهش عدم قطعیت تقاضا در انتخاب رویکرد تأمین مالی در یک زنجیره تأمین محدود سرمایه-2021
This study investigates how demand uncertainty reduction (DUR) affects the decisional dynamics within a supply chain, which comprises a supplier and a capital-constrained retailer, who chooses between bank credit and trade credit financing. A comprehensive scenario analysis suggests the retailer should accept trade credit when DUR is high, trade credit risk premium is moderate, and wholesale price is exogenous and low. However, the retailer should adopt trade credit only when both DUR and production cost are not high, and wholesale price is set endogenously. We further relax the assumption on the bank’s risk attitude and find most results still hold.
Keywords: Capital constraint | Demand uncertainty reduction (DUR) | Game theory | Financing approach | Supply chain finance
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Joint finance and order decision for supply chain with capital constraint of retailer considering product defect
تصمیم مشترک مالی و سفارش برای زنجیره تامین با محدودیت سرمایه خرده فروش با توجه به نقص محصول-2021
Small retailers usually face difficulties in obtaining bank loans due to inadequate credit history. Traditional commercial loan can be very costly or even unavailable to such retailers. In order to promote the collaboration of the supply chain to gain the mutual interest of all the parties, larger suppliers are generally willing to inter- mediate between retailers and commercial institutions. In this paper, the proper scheme and its efficiency of supplier intermediation in retailer financing are carefully investigated for the case of existing unreliable prod- ucts. By building a Stackelberg game model, we show that the supplier intermediated financing scheme can significantly improve the supply chain partners’ profits. Furthermore, with an elaborate numerical analysis, we demonstrate that the retailer will be motivated to choose the financing strategy only when the loan interest rate is less than a certain threshold. Finally, we explore how the compensation for product defect influences the supply chain partners’ optimal strategies and profits, which show that the proper compensation can realize Pareto improvement of the supply chain.
Keywords: Capital constraints | Supply chain finance | Stackelberg game
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Third-party remanufacturing mode selection for a capital-constrained closed-loop supply chain under financing portfolio
انتخاب حالت بازآفرینی شخص ثالث برای یک زنجیره تامین حلقه بسته با محدودیت سرمایه تحت سبد سرمایه گذاری-2021
Remanufacturing, especially third-party remanufacturing, has become an important option for original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to effectively balance the economic benefits and environmental impacts of their operations. Further, capital constraint and financing behavior have critical impact on the operations of OEMs, especially small- and medium-sized OEMs. Hence, we aim to explore how the OEM’s capital constraint and financing behavior will affect its selection preference regarding the two sub-modes of third-party remanufacturing: outsourcing and authorization. To this end, we consider a dyadic closed-loop supply chain consisting of a leading third-party remanufacturer (TPR) and a capital-constrained OEM. Taking the case of no capital constraint as benchmark, the choice preference of remanfuacturing modes between outsourcing and authorization is investigated under the case of capital constraint and financing portfolio (including trade credit and bank loan). The findings are as follows. Compared with the benchmark case of no capital constraint, under the financing portfolio, the OEM’s choice preference shifts from outsourcing mode to authorization mode, while the TPR’s choice preference shifts from authorization mode to outsourcing mode. From the perspective of the whole supply chain (SC), the authorization mode would always be conducive to promoting the total profit of the SC when the OEM is capital-unconstrained. By contrast, in the case of financing portfolio, outsourcing mode would be more preferred by the SC except when remanufacturing is much profitable. The above suggests that the TPR and OEM should change their selection preferences when the OEM is severely capital-constrained. Moreover, a contract should be signed between the TPR and OEM to handle their conflicts in selection preference, and who plays an active role in coordinating the SC depends on the profitability of remanufacturing.
Keywords: Closed-loop supply chain | Third-party remanufacturing | Financing portfolio | Capital constraint | Trade credit | Bank loan
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Gotong Royong as social capital to overcome micro and small enterprises capital difficulties
Gotong Royong به عنوان سرمایه اجتماعی برای غلبه بر مشکلات سرمایه ای خرد و کوچک-2020
One of the micro and small enterprises (MSEs) main problem is business capital. Cash flow shortage often in- terrupts business development. This difficulty is due to the limited ability in meeting the requirements to access sources of capital. The development of micro and small enterprises using the culture of the local community is a way to overcome this issue. Asians generally have the perception of Gotong Royong (which means mutual aid in English) as a form of collectivism. This study comes from the gap whether Gotong Royong serves as social capital to overcome the difficulties of micro and small enterprises’ capital. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out the perception of owners of MSEs toward the application of Gotong Royong culture, which suggests how to overcome the business capital difficulties in reality. The qualitative method was applied to investigate the in- formants with triangulation process to validate the result accuracy. The results of this study show that MSEs owners build their businesses with the family culture, which upholds a Gotong Royong character. Small: based on the field data processing, the second result reveals that the social capital of the community in the form of Gotong Royong culture could overcome capital constraints in micro and small enterprises. Similarly, the Gotong Royong culture applied in business could reduce the capital requirement that should be prepared by micro and small entrepreneurs. The contribution of this research is for business owners so that they do not lose the character of mutual cooperation and to provide input for the government to support family businesses that still rely on these characters by giving light funding assistance. However, this research must be developed further in a broader business scale with different informant profiles so that the results will be more comprehensive.
Keywords: Social capital | Gotong Royong | MSEs | Capital | Sustainable business | Management | Research and development | Social networks | Social policy
مقاله انگلیسی
6 International migration experience and entrepreneurship: Evidence from Mexico
تجربه مهاجرت بین المللی و کارآفرینی: مدارکی از مکزیک-2020
This study investigates the effect of international migration experience on entrepreneurship in sending areas. To identify prosperous businesses that create jobs and encourage economic development, this study isolates businesses other than street-vending enterprises with non-family employees. Retrospective life history data from the Mexican Migration Project (N = 11,789 persons & 146,372 person-years) was used to estimate the annual probability of becoming an entrepreneur across 170 Mexican communities between 1975 and 2017. This study found that (1) any prior migration experience increases the probability of entrepreneurial entry relative to non-migrants; (2) accumulated months of migration experience are positively associated with the probability of entrepreneurial entry; (3) undocumented status is associated with a lower probability of entrepreneurial entry. The positive effect of accumulated migration experience on entrepreneurship suggests that international migrants can accumulate human and financial resources that are essential to early stage entrepreneurship. Thus, entrepreneurship represents an important pathway through which international migration can encourage economic development in less developed regions. At the same time, the results suggest that that immigration policies in receiving countries can undercut migrants’ capacities to mobilize resources and contribute to economic development upon return. These findings suggest that target migration creates a win–win by addressing labor shortages in receiving countries, while transferring resources to sending areas that enable economic mobility and development.© 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship | Return migration | Accumulated migration experience | Capital constraints | Mexico
مقاله انگلیسی
7 How does the stock market absorb shocks?
چگونه بازار سهام سرمایه ها را جذب می کند؟-2018
Using a comprehensive set of news stories, we find a stark difference in market responses to positive and negative price shocks accompanied by new information. When there is a news story about a firm, positive price shocks are followed by reversal, while negative ones result in drift. This is interpreted as the stock market overreaction to good news and underreaction to bad news. These seemingly contradictory results can be explained in a single framework, considering the interaction of retail investors with attention bias, and arbitrageurs with short-run capital constraints. Consistent with this hypothesis, we find that both patterns are stronger when the attention bias is stronger, and when the arbitrage capital is scarce.
keywords: Stock return predictability |News|Limits to arbitrage |Limited attention |Overreaction |Underreaction |Text analysis
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Equilibrium evolution in a two-echelon supply chain with financially constrained retailers: The impact of equity financing
تحول تعادلی در یک زنجیره تامین دو زنجیره ای با خرده فروشان مالی محدود: تأثیر تأمین مالی سهام-2017
This paper considers a two-echelon supply chain that has a supplier and two capital constrained retailers and in which the retailers compete in a Cournot fashion. We study the impact of external financing on the players’ optimal decisions and supply chain performance. We show that as competition intensity increases, the supplier (as the Stackelberg leader) may consider merging with one retailer to avoid double marginalization. Yet, the deselected retailer may utilize external financing to return to the supply chain. We explicitly model the evolution of equilibrium scenarios and identify the conditions under which the supplier may prefer to provide trade credit to only one retailer and the other retailer may use external financing. We also carry out extensive sensitivity analyses with respect to a retailer’s capital structure and the retailer’s competition intensity.
Keywords: Trade credit | Equity financing | Cournot competition |Capital constraints
مقاله انگلیسی
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