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1 |
Current account drivers and exchange rate regimes in Central and Eastern Europe
پیش برندگان دحساب جاری و رژیم های نرخ ارز در اروپای مرکزی و شرقی-2021 The paper seeks to determine the factors that drive the current account dynamics of the 11
EU members from Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Panel data models are estimated on
annual data for the period 1997–2017 and both domestic pull factors and external push
factors are included. The models are, as a key innovation, estimated separately for floating
and fixed exchange rate regimes. The current account exhibits substantial persistence in
both cases. For the floaters, the current account is driven by domestic factors while external factors appear unimportant. For the fixers, the current account is mainly driven by
external factors, suggesting there is substantial vulnerability to external developments.
The analysis underscores the importance of the exchange rate regime for the drivers of
the current account balance in the CEE countries.
keywords: تعادل حساب جاری | رژیم نرخ ارز | سیاست های اقتصادی | مرکزی و اروپای شرقی | Current account balance | Exchange rate regime | Economic policies | Central and Eastern Europe |
مقاله انگلیسی |
2 |
Factors that account for the wealth inequality differences between post-socialist countries
عوامل موثر بر تفاوت های نابرابری ثروت بین کشورهای پس از سوسیالیستی-2021 In general, there are significant cross-country differences in wealth inequality. Recent research has documented
that household socio-economic characteristics do not explain these differences across advanced economies. Thus,
this study is the first to examine the determinants of such disparities in wealth inequality between five postsocialist emerging markets of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Based on the findings, the differences in
homeownership rates accounted for up to 42% of the cross-country disparities in wealth inequality (when
measured with the Gini index) and for as much as 63%–109% of wealth inequalities in the bottom part of the
distribution. However, our results are not sensitive to the significant underestimation of top wealth values
observed in household survey data. We argue that the differences in homeownership rates among the CEE
countries are related, among others, to varying government support for mortgage loans before the global financial
crisis (2003–2007) and the degree of government help for indebted households after the crisis.
keywords: نابرابری ثروت | تجزیه | مرکزی و شرقی اروپا (CEE) | مالکیت خانه | گمشده غنی | Wealth inequality | Decomposition | Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) | Homeownership | Missing rich |
مقاله انگلیسی |
3 |
Evolution of Central and Eastern Europe related international business research
تکامل تحقیقات تجاری بین المللی مربوط به اروپای مرکزی و شرقی-2020 This study reviews the presence of articles related to Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) in Web of Science (WOS). Bibliometric analysis first reveals the trends of CEE-related articles in the areas of international business (IB), management and economics up to 2016. The results show steady growth in absolute and relative numbers after 1990, intensifying since 2010. Second, we conduct topic research using network analysis with blockmodeling. We identify a network of topics and their interrelations over time and used them to periodise the CEE-related research in IB. The most-cited CEE-related IB articles and the main citation path are also presented. The analysis adds to the discussion of how the CEE region is explored in IB research, its contributions, impacts and the challenges facing regional research in the future. In this study, a methodology and framework for performing a comprehensive bibliometric analysis on regional IB research is applied. Keywords: Central and Eastern Europe | International business | Bibliometric network analysis | Blockmodeling | Internationalisation | Transition |
مقاله انگلیسی |
4 |
Environmental justice in the context of urban green space availability, accessibility, and attractiveness in postsocialist cities
عدالت زیست محیطی در چارچوب در دسترس بودن ، دسترسی و جذابیت فضای سبز شهری در شهرهای پساجتماعی-2020 This article aims to position post socialist cities in Central and Eastern Europe in the broader debate on urban environmental justice. The article crosscuts through all three dimensions of justice (distributive/distributional, procedural/participatory, and interactional/recognition) in the context of urban green and blue space provision. Environmental justice is still an emerging topic in post socialist cities, constrained by market-orientation and neoliberal trends within society, privatization, and the primacy of private interests. The respective situation in post socialist cities provides insights into the international debate on environmental justice, by highlighting some extremes related to neoliberal and populist governments and very rapid processes that lack long-term democratic consensus within societies. The findings of this study are discussed in the context of a post socialist legacy, which includes broad tolerance for inequalities, a lack of solidarity in society, a lack of responsibility for the public interest, and extreme individualization and disregard for social interests. This has gradually led to the corporatization of local authorities and various business–government coalitions. This setting is more likely to favor business models related to the use and management of urban green and blue spaces than the environmental justice discourse. Keywords: Central and Eastern Europe | Green and blue infrastructure | Transition economies | Environmental planning | Environmental governance | Neoliberalism |
مقاله انگلیسی |
5 |
Validation of novel food safety climate components and assessment of their indicators in Central and Eastern European food industry
اعتبار سنجی اجزای جدید آب و هوای ایمنی مواد غذایی و ارزیابی شاخص های آنها در صنایع غذایی اروپای مرکزی و شرقی-2020 Important insight into the Central and Eastern European food industry, beyond traditional food safety (FS) management and reflects on its food safety climate or the human route of its food safety culture is provided. Novel FS climate self-assessment tool was developed and validated by 65 FS experts from governmental agen- cies, third party certification bodies, food sector associations, universities and food industry. Three original FS climate components: FS knowledge, business priorities and FS legislation, were introduced and their nine components were assessed in nine Central and Eastern European countries involving 470 food companies. FS knowledge was better assessed in big and medium sized than in small companies. Knowledge component was equally assessed as good, irrespective of the FS risk profile of the food company surveyed while certified FS management system was charted by higher FS knowledge scores within a same food company. Business priorities in Central and Eastern European food organizations were related to hygiene and food safety and were always put before profit regardless of the company size. Hygiene and food safety were seen equality as a critical business success factor irrespective of the associated level of riskiness. FS climate legislation component in all food organizations surveyed was assessed affirmatively. Central and Eastern European food companies seemed to avoid problems in cooperation and trust between food safety leaders and other employees, since they have perceived FS climate highly and similarly. EU operating food companies had comparable overall FS climate to non-EU companies mostly because they have equally perceived their business priorities and appropriateness of associated FS legislation. The only exception was the FS knowledge that was better assessed in EU than non-EU food enterprises. Keywords: Food safety climate | Food safety culture | Knowledge | Legislation | Business priorities | Eastern Europe | Central Europe |
مقاله انگلیسی |
6 |
Democracy, regulation and competition in emerging banking systems
دموکراسی ، مقررات و رقابت در سیستمهای نوظهور بانکی-2019 This paper develops a political economy framework to analyse the relations among democracy, financial regulation
and banking competition in the emerging banking systems of Central and Eastern Europe. We develop
extensive new yearly non-structural indices of bank competition instead of concentration indices as in the previous
literature that show its evolution over time with the level of democracy. In addition, we directly test for
linkages between democracy, financial regulation and banking competition. Using an unbalanced panel data set
over the period 1994–2016 for 617 banks, we show that more democratic countries with better regulatory
framework lead to the enhancement of competition. We also find significant support for the core hypothesis that
financial regulatory framework in a “partially” democratic environment is inadequate. Given that financial regulatory
framework in a “partially” democratic environment can be inadequate we find a U-shaped relation in the
sense that there is a threshold level of democracy beyond which banking systems in those countries are more
competitive Keywords: Democracy | Regulation | Compe |
مقاله انگلیسی |
7 |
The sources of contagion risk in a banking sector with foreign ownership
منابع ریسک گریزی در بخش بانکی با مالکیت خارجی-2017 Foreign-dominated banking sectors, such as those prevalent in Central and Eastern Europe, are susceptible to
two major sources of systemic risk: (i) linkages between local banks and (ii) linkages between a foreign parent
bank and its local subsidiary. During and after the global financial crisis, the second source of risk has been
stressed by local regulators. Using a nonparametric method based on extreme value theory, we analyze
interdependencies in downward risk in the banking sectors of the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, and Turkey
during 1994–2013. We find that the risk of contagion from a foreign parent bank to its local subsidiary is
substantially smaller than the risk between two local banks.
Keywords: Systemic risk | Extreme value theory | Financial stability | Central and Eastern Europe | Banking | Parent–subsidiary relationship |
مقاله انگلیسی |
8 |
Market power and risk of Central and Eastern European banks: Does more powerful mean safer?
قدرت بازار و ریسک بانک مرکزی و اروپای شرقی: آیا قوی تر به معنای امن تر است؟-2017 As understanding the market power–risk relationship in CEE banking systems is of the utmost importance to
policy-makers in these countries, we investigate whether CEE banks must have greater market power to be
safer. Our results suggest that more market power reduces the fragility of banking institutions, on one hand, and
that banking market concentration tends to make these banks riskier, on the other. Our findings are robust to
whatever form of market power-risk relationship and whatever market-power measures we use. More precisely,
financial markets perceive CEE banks with more market power as less fragile, while the latter are also better
capitalised with respect to the distribution of their returns. Moreover, they are even (much) better capitalised
when they hold less-diversified and less-liquid assets and when they operate within a stricter banking regulatory
environment, which suggests a risk-stabilising role for diversification, liquidity and the bank regulatory
environment in these countries.
Keywords: Banking | Market power | Concentration | Risk | Central and Eastern Europe |
مقاله انگلیسی |
9 |
What drives bank performance in transitions economies? The impact of reforms and regulations
چه چیزی باعث عملکرد بانک در اقتصادهای انتقال می شود؟ تأثیر اصلاحات و مقررات-2017 This paper investigates the effects of financial regulations and structural reforms on the cost
efficiency of the banking industries of 10 Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries
for the period 2004–2009. Cost efficiency scores are estimated using stochastic frontier
analysis, whilst panel regressions examine the impact of regulation and liberalisation on
bank performance using the EBRD transitional reform indicator and the Fraser economic
freedom index. By considering both indexes we are able to account for the effects of progress
towards more sound banking practices as well as the impact of the credit market, labor
market and business sector regulatory regimes on bank efficiency. Our empirical analysis
shows that structural reforms on labor and business markets exert a positive impact on bank
performance. In line with the public interest view, we find the effect of credit regulation
banking on cost efficiency is positive. We also find that better capitalized banks are more
cost efficient.
Keywords: Regulation | EBRD transition indicators | Fraser economic freedom index | Bank performance | Central and Eastern European countries |
مقاله انگلیسی |
10 |
Prevention is better than cure! Designing information security awareness programs to overcome users non-compliance with information security policies in banks
پیشگیری بهتر از درمان است ! طراحی برنامه های اطلاع رسانی امنیت اطلاعات برای غلبه بر عدم رعایت کاربران با سیاست های امنیتی اطلاعات در بانک ها-2017 In organizations, users’ compliance with information security policies (ISP) is crucial for mini
mizing information security (IS) incidents. To improve users’ compliance, IS managers have
implemented IS awareness (ISA) programs, which are systematically planned interven
tions to continuously transport security information to a target audience. The underlying
research analyzes IS managers’ efforts to design effective ISA programs by comparing current
design recommendations suggested by scientific literature with actual design practices of
ISA programs in three banks. Moreover, this study addresses how users perceive ISA pro
grams and related implications for compliant IS behavior. Empirically, we utilize a multiple
case design to investigate three banks from Central and Eastern Europe. In total, 33 semi
structured interviews with IS managers and users were conducted and internal materials
of ISA programs such as intranet messages and posters were also considered. The paper
contributes to IS compliance research by offering a comparative and holistic view on ISA
program design practices. Moreover, we identified influences on users’ perceptions center
ing on IS risks, responsibilities, ISP importance and knowledge, and neutralization behaviors.
Finally, the study raises propositions regarding the relationship of ISA program designs and
factors, which are likely to influence users’ ISP compliance.
Keywords: Information security awareness | Information security awareness | programs | Information security compliance | Information security policy | User perceptions | Banks |
مقاله انگلیسی |