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نتیجه جستجو - Conflict

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 274
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Limitations on Transversal Gates for Hypergraph Product Codes
محدودیت در دروازه های عرضی برای کدهای محصول Hypergraph-2022
In a fault tolerant quantum computer, quantum codes are expected to serve the conflicting purposes of protecting quantum information while also allowing that information to be manipulated by fault-tolerant gates. We introduce a new technique for placing limitations on such gates, and apply this technique to a class of quantum codes known as hypergraph product codes contained within the vertical sector. These codes are constructed from input which is a pair of classical linear codes, and generalize the Kitaev surface code which is the hypergraph product of classical repetition codes. We provide a necessary condition on these input codes, under which the resulting hypergraph product code has transversal gates limited to the Clifford group. We conjecture that this condition is satisfied by all [n, k, d] Gallagher codes with d ≥ 3 and k ≤ n/2. This work is a generalization of an argument due to Bravyi and König, and we also conjecture this is a refinement of the recent notion of disjointness due to Jochym-O’Connor et al.
Index Terms: Computers and information processing | quantum computing.
مقاله انگلیسی
2 آیا پویایی کسب و کار ایالات متحده در دهه 2010 بهبود یافت؟
سال انتشار: 2022 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 5 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 12
ما شواهدی ارائه می‌دهیم که نشان می‌دهد هم نرخ‌های ورود شرکت‌ها و هم مؤسسات در ایالات متحده در دهه گذشته در حال افزایش بوده‌اند و ظاهراً به کاهش مشاهده شده در دهه‌های گذشته پایان داده‌اند. با این حال، نه نرخ اشتغال زایی و تخریب و نه نرخ تخصیص مجدد نشانه هایی از بهبود را نشان نمی دهد. این ویژگی‌های متضاد پس از کنترل تغییرات در اندازه شغلی واحدهای تجاری با یکدیگر تطبیق داده می‌شوند. در نتیجه، نتیجه می گیریم که پویایی کسب و کار در سطوح پایین تاریخی در طول دهه 2010 یکسان شد. کلید واژه ها: پویایی کسب و کار |نرخ ورودی و خروجی تنظیم شده با اندازه | BDS | BED
مقاله ترجمه شده
3 یک مدل ریاضی چند منظوره برای زنجیره تامین داروسازی با توجه به تراکم دارو در کارخانه‌ها
سال انتشار: 2022 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 15 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 47
مدیریت زنجیره تامین ( SCM ) , به روش یکی از مسائل مهم در جنبه مدیریتی , نقش مهمی در مقابله با مسایل انسانی و مشکلات ایفا می‌کند . به دلیل برخی محدودیت‌ها ( به عنوان مثال , ظرفیت تولید و ظرفیت ذخیره‌سازی ) و خواسته ها( به عنوان مثال , کاهش هزینه و افزایش درآمد ) , مدیران زنجیره تامین همیشه به دنبال بهترین پاسخ به مقدار و نوع ارتباط بین سطوح مختلف SCM هستند . در تحقیقات آتی , یک زنجیره تامین دارو ( PSC ) با سه تابع هدف توسعه‌یافته , با هدف به حداقل رساندن هزینه‌های کلی , خواسته‌های برآورده نشده , و کاهش زمان انتظار در ورودی کارخانه . در تحقیقات آتی , موضوع کلی و تحقیقات در مدل‌سازی PSC و حل مساله مورد بحث قرار گرفته‌اند . سپس یک مدل برنامه‌ریزی غیرخطی با تحقیقات قبلی برای حل کاستی‌های موجود پیشنهاد شده‌است.
همچنین روش‌های تصمیم‌گیری چند هدفه برای انطباق با اهداف متناقض مدل به طور همزمان استفاده می‌شوند . سپس نرم‌افزار تجاری GAMS برای حل مشکل اندازه‌های مختلف به کار می‌رود . در نهایت ، تحلیل حساسیت گسترده و ارزیابی نتایج مورد بحث قرار می‌گیرد و پیشنهادهای توسعه آتی ارایه می‌شوند.
واژه های کاربردی : زنجیره تامین دارو | فسادپذیری | زمان‌بندی | فهرست | نظریه کیوینگ
مقاله ترجمه شده
4 Pursuits in Collision Affiliation, Disaffiliation, and Multimodality in Persian Interaction
تعقیب وابستگی برخورد، عدم وابستگی و چندوجهی در تعامل فارسی-2022
This study is on pursuing an interactional outcome in the face of a co-interactant’s resistance. Despite at least a forty-year history of research on pursuits in social interaction (Jefferson, 1981; Pomerantz, 1984b), there is still much to explore about this ubiquitous social phenomenon. This research employs a multimodal conversation analytic methodology to address some less-explored questions on pursuits: what practices does an interactant use to further their course of action against their co-interactant’s resistance? Do the details of these practices have implications for the trajectory of the interaction towards escalation or de-escalation? What do these practices tell us about the agentive stance adopted by the pursuing party? And how can interactants heading towards an escalated pursuit manage disaffiliation? Two different types of pursuit sequences are introduced: persisting in furthering one’s course of action and gradually desisting from a course of action. The findings show a novel phenomenon called multimodal gradation: a temporally coordinated up- or downgrading of a multitude of resources that are simultaneously used in formatting a social action. Borrowing Mondada’s terms (2014), a whole “multimodal Gestalt” by which a turn at talk is delivered is up- or downgraded. Multimodal upgrading of a pursuit turn projects further expansions to the pursuit sequence and it can escalate an initial clash. On the other hand, multimodal downgrading of a pursuit turn projects a contingent sequence closure and de-escalation. Also, upgrading the multimodal Gestalt of a pursuit turn displays the pursuing party’s stronger agentive stance compared to downgrading the turn. The project introduces another multimodal phenomenon termed mock aggression. Used between intimate interactants, mock aggression offers opportunities for affiliation despite its aggressive appearance. The findings have implications for our understanding of sequence and preference organization in CA, multimodality, agency, and conflict management. Data are in Persian and collected in Iran.
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Translation, hegemony and accounting: A critical research framework with an illustration from the IFRS context
ترجمه، هژمونی و حسابداری: یک چارچوب تحقیقاتی بحرانی با یک تصویر از زمینه IFRS-2021
Translation research in accounting has in the past decades recognized the significance of trans- lation for international accounting communication, but only recently started to discuss the relevance and legitimacy of the approaches in which translation is used and studied. Generally, translation in accounting has been seen as a technically challenging task that serves an assumedly neutral functional purpose. This perception is problematic in that it neglects the multifaceted cultural, political and societal implications of translation. In order to expand the theoretical repertoire of translation research in accounting, this paper introduces a critical lens that questions the seemingly neutral use of translation in various contexts. Drawing on the influential work of translation theorist Lawrence Venuti, it is argued that translation both reveals and factors in intercultural hegemonies, imbalances and asymmetries. To explore the relevance of Venuti’s theorizing for accounting, the context of IFRS translation is examined. Attempting to become a global institution across cultures and languages, the IFRS indeed depend on translation in their diffusion. The IFRS context is, however, embedded in current linguistic and cultural hegemonies: the dominant position of the English language and the canonical role of Anglo-American ac- counting. Combining a critical theoretical conceptualization and empirical data from the trans- lation work of Finnish-language IFRS, this paper illustrates how translation in accounting is not a technical exercise but can entail linguistic and cultural conflicts between dominant and marginal (ized) concepts, traditions and values. Above all, this paper shows how applying a different theoretical lens to translation can yield critical insights.
keywords: ترجمه | تئوری ترجمه | هژمونی | IFRS | Translation | Translation theory | Hegemony | IFRS
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Inventory model for sustainable operations of a closed-loop supply chain: Role of a third-party refurbisher
مدل موجودی برای عملیات پایدار یک زنجیره تأمین حلقه بسته: نقش یک مرمت کننده شخص ثالث-2021
Journal Pre-proof This paper investigates the joint decision on inventory and refurbishing strategies in a closed-loop supply chain, consisting of a manufacturer responsible for the production and first-market sales and a third-party refurbisher responsible for the refurbishment and second market. Based on a game-theoretic model, we investigate the effects of supply chain structures on the production operations, sales price of a refurbished product, profits and environmental performance. Through numerical analyses, we reveal that the integrated system yields higher first-market sales and a larger production lot size, while the decentralized one shows higher second-market sales and a larger refurbishing lot. Interestingly, the integrated system sets the higher price for the refurbished item due to channel conflict issues. Efforts to increase the second-market sales can harm the over- all supply chain profit by leading to the decrease in the higher-margin first-market sales. We also show that the difference in pricing decisions and inventory holding cost components allows a better operational performance of the third-party refurbishers process in the decentralized system. Then, it leads to the better environmental performance in the decentralized system, enhancing the refurbishing rate and sales of refurbished items while reducing scrap costs. By investigating the overall performance of integrated and decentralized supply chains, we offer important implications to practicing supply chain managers by revealing how the third-party refurbisher can help the sustainable operations of a closed-loop supply chain. We also contribute to the body of knowledge by incorporating pricing and lot sizing issues into the context of closed-loop supply chain management.
Keywords: inventory | closed-loop supply chain | sales return | refurbishment
مقاله انگلیسی
7 In defense of the one-factor doxastic account: A phenomenal account of delusions
در دفاع از حساب تک عاملی دوکساستیک: روایتی خارق العاده از توهمات-2021
According to the doxastic model, delusions are beliefs. In the metacognitive model, delusions are imaginings mistaken for beliefs. I argue that endorsement of false second-order beliefs could also create unpleasant dissonance, that mentally healthy people often endorse irrational or conflicting beliefs, and that the lack of delusion-motivated action can be explained by the influence of nonbelief factors on action. The two-factor doxastic model posits irrationality as necessary, and one metric of rationality many scholars employ is whether a response is easily understood by folk psychology. A precedent for folk-psychological acceptance of contextually bizarre beliefs as a result of personal experience can already be found in the lack of imaginative resistance encountered not in response to the impossibilities portrayed in speculative fiction, but in response to the characters’ ability to incorporate these occurrences into their mental frameworks, despite them often being at odds with these characters’ bedrock understanding of the world.
keywords: توهم | حساب Doxastic | مدل دو عامل | جنون جوانی | حساب کاربری فراشناختی | مدل یک عامل | Delusion | Doxastic account | Two-factor model | Schizophrenia | Metacognitive account | One-factor model
مقاله انگلیسی
8 The application of management accounting practices towards the sustainable development of family businesses: A critical review
استفاده از شیوه های حسابداری مدیریت به سوی توسعه پایدار کسب و کارهای خانوادگی: یک بررسی انتقادی-2021
The purpose of this study is to comprehensively review the extant literature on the application of management accounting practices (MAPs) to the sustainable development of family businesses (FBs), and to identify future research avenues. Academic interest in the field of MAPs in family businesses as well as the concept of sustainable development has been growing rapidly due to the fast-moving business landscape associated with environmental dynamism, particularly over the past two decades. Consequently, some authors claim that the heterogeneous characteristics of FBs apparently lead to a lower degree of information asymmetry, and that this, in-turn, may weaken the need for MAPs. On the other hand, some studies emphasise that the distinctive conflicts of interest in FBs and some contingent factors (for example, intense competition in the industry) are triggers for the adoption of MAPs by FBs. Given these mixed research outcomes and the absence of a comprehensive study that demonstrates the state-of-the-art in this research stream, this paper aims to review previously reported key works to thoroughly investigate the above mentioned factors with a view to exploring the existing knowledge gap. The holistic conclusion arrived at by the study points to the fact that there seems to have a considerable impact of family involvement on business performance achieved through the application of MAPs. Nonetheless, the impact of certain heterogeneous characteristics of FBs on the application of environmental management accounting (EMA) practices, which is a sub-stream of MAPs, is yet to be explored.
Keywords: Management accounting practices | Family business | Sustainable development | Economic performance | Environmental performance | Environmental management accounting | Environmental dynamism
مقاله انگلیسی
9 Managerial ability and accounting conservatism
توانایی مدیریتی و محافظه کاری حسابداری-2021
Since accounting conservatism is a measure of biased reporting which may or may not reflect high quality earnings, the relation between managerial ability and accounting conservatism is unclear ex ante. High-ability managers may report conservatively to improve the efficiency of contracts, avoid agency conflicts by the timely reporting of future losses, and build reputations for conservative reporting. Conversely, they may not report conservatively to the extent that conservatism reflects biased, and consequently, low-quality earnings. Motivated by these opposing arguments, we examine the relationship between managerial ability and conservatism for Australian firms for the period 2004 to 2013. Our results show that managerial ability is positively associated with accounting conservatism. These results support the notion that high ability managers apply conservatism in accounting because it benefits the firm and stakeholders. Our results are robust to a wide range of proxies for both managerial ability and conservatism, including the Heckman’s (1976) self-selection bias check. Our study should be of interest to numerous stakeholders, including firms seeking to make managerial appointments.
keywords: توانایی مدیریتی | محافظه کاری حسابداری | کیفیت درآمد | Managerial ability | Accounting conservatism | Earnings quality
مقاله انگلیسی
10 Time management: Improving the timing of post-prostatectomy radiotherapy, clinical trials, and knowledge translation
مدیریت زمان: بهبود زمان رادیوتراپی پس از پروستاتکتومی، آزمایشات بالینی و ترجمه دانش-2021
Background: Management of prostate cancer after surgery is controversial. Past studies on adjuvant radiotherapy (aRT) for higher-risk features have had conflicting results. Through the collaborative conversations of the global radiation oncology Twitter-based journal club (#RadOnc #JC), we explored this complex topic to share recent advances, better understand what the global radiation oncology community felt was important and inspire next steps. Methods: We selected the recent publication of a landmark international randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing immediate and salvage radiotherapy for prostate cancer, RADICALS-RT, for discussion over the weekend of January 16 to 17, 2021. Coordination included open access to the article and an asynchronous portion to decrease barriers to participation, cooperation of study authors (CP, MS) who participated to share deeper insights including a live hour, and curation of related resources and tweet content through a blog post and Wakelet journal club summary. Discussion of Results: Our conversations created 2,370,104 impressions over 599 tweets with 51 participants spanning 11 countries and 5 continents. A quarter of the participants were from the US (13/51) followed by 10% from the UK (5/51). Clinical or Radiation Oncologists comprised 59% of active participants (16/27) with 62% (18/29) reporting giving aRT within the last 5 years. Discussion was interdisciplinary with three urologists (11%), three trainees (11%), and two physiotherapists (7%). Four months after the journal club its article Altmetric score had increased by 7% (214 to 229). Thematic analysis of tweet content suggested participants wanted clarification on definitions of adjuvant (aRT) and salvage radiotherapy (sRT) including indications, timing, and decision-making tools including guidelines; more interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral collaboration including with patients for study design including survivorship and meaningful outcomes; more effective knowledge translation including faster clinical trials; and more data including mature results of current trials, particular high-risk features (Gleason Group 4+, pT4b+, and margin-positive disease), implications of newer technologies such as PSMA-PET and genomic classifiers, and better explanations for practice pattern variations including underutilization of radiotherapy. This was further explored in the context of relevant literature. Conclusion: Together, this global collaborative review on the postoperative management of prostate cancer suggested a stronger signal for the uptake of early salvage radiation treatment with careful PSA monitoring, more sensitive PSA triggers, and expected access to radiotherapy. Questions still remain on potential exceptions and barriers to use. These require better decision-making tools for all practice settings, consideration of newer technologies, more pragmatic trials, and better use of social media for knowledge translation.
Keywords: Prostate radiotherapy | Adjuvant radiation | Salvage radiation | Journal club
مقاله انگلیسی
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