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1 |
An assessment of probabilistic disaster in the oil and gas supply chain leveraging Bayesian belief network
ارزیابی فاجعه احتمالی در زنجیره تأمین نفت و گاز با استفاده از شبکه اعتقادی بیزی-2021 The oil and gas supply chain (OGSC) is considered to have one of the most significant stakes in the U.S. economy because of its interconnectedness with supply chains in other sectors, such as health and medicine, food, heavy manufacturing, and services. While oil and gas development is expanding exponentially, various factors ranging from man-made to natural disasters can hinder OGSC processes, which, in turn, can result in inefficient and costly operations in other sectors. This study presents a Bayesian Network (BN) model to predict and assess disasters in the OGSC based on seven main factors: technical, economic, social, political, safety, environmental, and legal. BBN is a probabilistic graphical model that is predominantly used in risk analysis to illustrate and assess probabilistic relationships among different variables. To draw meaningful managerial insights into the proposed model, sensitivity analysis and belief propagation are used. The results indicate that of the seven factors responsible for OGSC disasters, technical factors have the highest impact while legal and political factors have the lowest. Keywords: Oil and gas | Supply chain | Disaster assessment | Bayesian network | Resilience |
مقاله انگلیسی |
2 |
Organizational integration mechanisms and knowledge transfer effectiveness in MNCs: The moderating role of cross-national distance
مکانیسم های ادغام سازمانی و اثربخشی انتقال دانش در شرکت های چند ملیتی: نقش تعدیل کننده فاصله بین المللی-2021 Building on the knowledge-based view of the firm, this study investigates the usefulness of two
organizational integration mechanisms (i.e., formal inter-unit communication and informal
connectedness and shared values) to effectively transfer knowledge between MNC units and ex-
plores how their effectiveness is affected by different dimensions of cross-national distance. Data
on 131 knowledge transfer relationships between units of five Spanish MNCs were used to test the
hypotheses. Results reveal that, although both mechanisms are positively associated with
knowledge transfer effectiveness, the effect of formal inter-unit communication is comparatively
higher. Moreover, this formal integration mechanism seems to work independently of the type of
distance that separates the units involved in the transfer. By contrast, the effectiveness of informal
integration mechanisms is influenced by economic, geographic and administrative dimensions of
distance. Adopting a contingent perspective, and taking into account the multidimensional
character of cross-national distance, this article contributes to the literature on knowledge
management in international firms by showing which organizational integration mechanisms are
more useful to transfer knowledge within MNCs depending on the type of distance that separate
their units. keywords: انتقال دانش | شرکت های چند ملیتی (MNCs) | مکانیسم های ادغام سازمانی | فاصله بین المللی | Knowledge transfer | Multinational corporations (MNCs) | Organizational integration mechanisms | Cross-national distance |
مقاله انگلیسی |
3 |
تعیین کمیت اثر سرریز در بازار ارز دیجیتال (کریپتوکارنسی)
سال انتشار: 2020 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 10 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 18 این مطالعه، اثر سرریز را در بازار ارز دیجیتال با استفاده از مدل اتورگرسیو بردار بیزی پنجره لغزنده تعیین میکند. مطالعهی حاضر، درک بهتری از ارتباطات داخلی (در هم تنیدگی) و انتقال شوک در بازار ارز مجازی ارائه میدهد و مقدار ریسک سرریز را در سطح جهت دار جفتی را تعیین میکند و درک پویایی از نوسانات شوک در بازار ارائه میدهد که به نوبهی خود دورههای ادغام ریسک را مشخص میکند. علاوه بر این، مطالعهی حاضر، عوامل تعیین کننده شوک سرریز را در بازار ارز مجازی بررسی میکند و ارتباطات افزایش را به محرکهای خارجی در طول زمان نشان میدهد.
کلمات کلیدی: ارز رمزی | بیت کوین | ریسک سرریز | در هم تنیدگی VAR بیزی |
مقاله ترجمه شده |
4 |
A new circular business model typology for creating value from agro-waste
نوع جدید مدل کسب و کار دایره ای برای ایجاد ارزش از زباله های کشاورزی-2020 Shifting from a linear to a circular economy in the agrifood domain requires innovative business models, including reverse logistics, new visions on customer-supplier relationships, and new forms of organization and marketing strategies at the crossroads of various value chains.
This research aims to identify and characterise different types of business models that create value from agricultural waste and by-products via cascading or closing loops. Conceptual and management insights into circular
business models are still sparse.
In total, 39 cases have been studied that convert agro-waste and by-products into valuable products via a circular
economy approach. Semi-structured interviews and on-site visits of six representative cases have been done, and
secondary data been collected. Data has been treated with content analysis. Cases are presented according to the
type of organisational structure, resources, transformation processes, value propositions, key partners, customers, strategic approaches and innovation.
Six types of circular business models are identified and discussed: biogas plant, upcycling entrepreneurship, environmental biorefinery, agricultural cooperative, agropark and support structure. They differ in their way of
value creation and organisational form, but strongly depend on partnerships and their capacity to respond to
changing external conditions.
This study offers the first circular business model typology within the agricultural domain, revealing the interconnectedness of the six different business model types. It provides options for managers in positioning and adapting
their business strategies. It highlights the potential of using biomass first for higher added-value products before
exploiting it as energy source. Cascading biomass valorisation at a territorial level will increasingly be important
for locally cooperating actors within a circular bioeconomy approach. Keywords: Circular economy | Bioeconomy | Business models | Agro-waste valorisation | Networks |
مقاله انگلیسی |
5 |
Understanding market agility for new product success with big data analytics
درک چابکی بازار برای موفقیت محصول جدید با تجزیه و تحلیل داده های بزرگ-2020 The complexity that characterises the dynamic nature of the various environmental factors makes it very
compelling for firms to be capable of addressing the changing customers needs. The current study examines the
role of big data in new product success. We develop a qualitative research with case study approach to look at
this. Specifically, we look at multiple cases to get in-depth understanding of customer agility for new product
success with big data analytics. The findings of the study provide insight into the role of customer agility in new
product success. This study unpacks the interconnectedness of the effective use of data aggregation tools, the
effectiveness of data analysis tools and customer agility. It also explores the link between all of these factors and
new product success. The study is reasonably telling in that it shows that the effective use of data aggregation
and data analysis tools results in customer agility which in itself explains how an organisation senses and responds
speedily to opportunities for innovation in the competitive marketing environment. The current study
provides significant theoretical contributions by providing evidence for the role of big data analytics, big data
aggregation tools, customer agility, organisational slack and environmental turbulence in new product success. Keywords: Big data analytics | Customer agility | Effective use of data | New product success |
مقاله انگلیسی |
6 |
A new circular business model typology for creating value from agrowaste
نوع شناسی مدل کسب و کار دایره ای جدید برای ایجاد ارزش حاصل از زراعت-2020 Shifting from a linear to a circular economy in the agrifood domain requires innovative business models, including
reverse logistics, newvisions on customer-supplier relationships, and newforms of organization andmarketing
strategies at the crossroads of various value chains.
This research aims to identify and characterise different types of business models that create value from agricultural
waste and by-products via cascading or closing loops. Conceptual and management insights into circular
business models are still sparse.
In total, 39 cases have been studied that convert agro-waste and by-products into valuable products via a circular
economy approach. Semi-structured interviews and on-site visits of six representative cases have been done, and
secondary data been collected. Data has been treatedwith content analysis. Cases are presented according to the
type of organisational structure, resources, transformation processes, value propositions, key partners, customers,
strategic approaches and innovation.
Six types of circular business models are identified and discussed: biogas plant, upcycling entrepreneurship, environmental
biorefinery, agricultural cooperative, agropark and support structure. They differ in their way of
value creation and organisational form, but strongly depend on partnerships and their capacity to respond to
changing external conditions.
This study offers the first circular businessmodel typologywithin the agricultural domain, revealing the interconnectedness
of the six different businessmodel types. It provides options for managers in positioning and adapting
their business strategies. It highlights the potential of using biomass first for higher added-value products before
exploiting it as energy source. Cascading biomass valorisation at a territorial level will increasingly be important
for locally cooperating actors within a circular bioeconomy approach. Keywords: Circular economy | Bioeconomy | Business models | Agro-waste valorisation | Networks |
مقاله انگلیسی |
7 |
Positive youth development in the context of household member contact with the criminal justice system
رشد مثبت جوانان در زمینه تماس اعضای خانواده با سیستم دادرسی کیفری-2020 This study addresses recent calls for investigations of within-group variability and resilience among youth with
justice-involved family members by examining the nature and correlates of positive youth development (PYD)
among adolescents who have experienced the arrest of a household member. Using data from the Mobile Youth
Survey, a community-based study of risk and resilience among predominantly African American and low-income
youth, we use linear mixed models to examine how individual, family, and community factors contribute to
positive youth development and to identify associations between PYD and indicators of internalizing symptoms
and delinquent behaviors. Results suggest that maternal warmth, parental monitoring, participation in religious
activities, sense of belonging at school, and neighborhood connectedness were positively associated with PYD.
Results further suggest that positive youth development is inversely associated with internalizing symptoms and
delinquency. Findings underscore the importance of adopting a positive youth development lens in research on
adolescents with justice-involved family members and suggest the value of developing interventions that not
only reduce problems but that also capitalize on and foster youth assets. Keywords: Household member arrest | Adolescent well-being | Household member contact with the criminal | justice system | Positive youth development |
مقاله انگلیسی |
8 |
Understanding labour exploitation in the Spanish agricultural sector using an agent based approach
درک استثمار نیروی کار در بخش کشاورزی اسپانیا با استفاده از رویکرد مبتنی بر عامل-2019 Using an agent-based model we explore the model of slavery in modern business developed by Crane
(2013). Taking the Spanish agricultural sectordspecifically the area of Campo de Dalías in Almería where
much of Europes vegetables are growndas a case, we find that labour exploitation flourishes in communities
of like-minded companies that do not care about mainstream norms. We confirm which socioeconomic
aspects of labour demand/supply lead to slavery, while challenging the assumption that
markets which are dominated by few employers are more prone to exploiting workers. We find that,
regarding isolation and connectedness of employers, cluster effects and intense inter-employer
communication are particularly effective drivers of underpayment if the cluster is homogenous in
terms of wage level and if it is isolated from law-abiding employers. This means that employers tend to
confirm and reinforce each other in their illegal behaviour, thus creating enclaves in which non-standard
norms prevail and worker exploitation is regarded as legitimate. On the other hand, we see that breaking
the isolation of employees among each other only increases pay levels if there are law-abiding employers,
pointing to the potentially beneficial role social business and entrepreneurs, state-owned
companies, or public entrepreneurs could play for transforming labour conditions of entire markets. Keywords: Spanish agriculture | Diffusion of slavery | Agent based model | Unethical labour practices |
مقاله انگلیسی |
9 |
Bank risk, competition and bank connectedness with firms: A literature review
ریسک بانکی ، رقابت و ارتباط بانکی با شرکت ها: مرور ادبیات-2019 The outbreak of the 2007–2009 financial crisis and of the European sovereign debt crisis again
raised questions about the vulnerability and the behaviour of banking institutions. The unconventional
monetary policies that followed have flattened the yield curve and created a low
interest rates environment. This can give rise to risk-taking behaviour from banks and can
therefore undermine the stability of the banking system with negative impact of the credit
supply, corporate investment and real economy. This article proposes a literature review on the
main determinants of bank lending and risk-taking decisions, going through the competition in
the banking market, the bank connectedness with firms and the role of monetary and banking
authorities. The systemic risk concept is also discussed as well as its drivers and potential
measures that should be monitored by prudential authorities in order to preserve financial stability. Keywords: Banking competition | Bank risk | Bank connectedness with firms | Systemic risk |
مقاله انگلیسی |
10 |
Monitoring banking system connectedness with big data
نظارت بر اتصال سیستم بانکی با داده های بزرگ-2019 In this paper, we propose a procedure that generates measures of connectedness
between individual firms and for the system as a whole based on information observed
only at the firm level; i.e., no explicit linkages are observed. We apply our procedure
to large U.S. bank holding companies. We show how bank outcome variables of interest
can be decomposed, including with mixed-frequency models, for network analysis to
measure connectedness across firms. Network analysis of these decompositions produces
measures that could be of use in financial stability monitoring as well as the analysis of
individual firms’ linkages Keywords: Financial stability | Bank supervision | Network centrality | Systemic connectedness |
مقاله انگلیسی |