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Alleviating bias to enhance sustainable construction dispute management
کاهش تعصب برای تقویت مدیریت پایدار اختلاف در ساخت -2020 Efficient dispute management contributes to cleaner production of construction works. Alleviating bias
has been identified as an effective way to enhance construction dispute settlement so as to improve
sustainability level of construction projects. In these regards, this study has two objectives. First, a robust
bias conceptualization in construction dispute negotiation is developed. Data on practice of biased behaviors
in construction dispute negotiation (CDN) were collected from three sources: i) by self-reflection
of disputants; ii) by self-realization of disputants in a dispute negotiation simulation; iii) by observations
of dispute resolution third-party neutrals. Consistent taxonomies of bias in CDN were obtained, and
these are: preconception, self-affirmation, optimism and interest-oriented. The second objective of the
study is to suggest bias minimizing approaches to address the afore-mentioned biases. Bias minimizing
approaches were firstly identified from literatures and their usefulness against biased behaviors was
evaluated by both the simulation and third-party neutral sample. Three bias minimizing approaches
were proposed: strategy-based, attitude-based and process-based. It has been found that strategy-based
approach is helpful in dealing with preconception bias and self-affirmation bias. Furthermore, attitudebased
approach works to alleviate interest-oriented bias and optimism bias, while process-based
approach is suitable for preconception bias and interest-oriented bias minimization. Successfully curtailing
the influence of bias would smooth and shorten the dispute resolution processes and save
valuable resources that can be better deployed for productive uses. Bias minimization in CDN contributes
to sustainability of construction projects in the aspects of economic, environment and social influence. Keywords: Bias | Construction dispute negotiation | Contextualized simulation | Minimizing measures | Sustainable construction |
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