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نتیجه جستجو - Cost-sharing contract

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 5
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Multi-party coordination in sustainable supply chain under consumer green awareness
هماهنگی چند جانبه در زنجیره تأمین پایدار تحت آگاهی سبز مصرف کننده-2021
The rapid growth of the green market in recent years has motivated manufacturing companies to operate carbon abatement schemes for better sustainability. This paper investigates sustainability coordination among three major supply chain parties in the context of consumer green awareness by applying a Stackelberg game model. Instead of considering the manufacturer as the only party to operate carbon management schemes, this paper examines a model in which both the supplier and the manufacturer embark on green investment under make-to-order production. Meanwhile, the retailer considers the influence of green consumers on the demand rate and determines the order quantity for the manufacturer. This paper analyses the sustainability and profitability performance of the supply chain under centralised and decentralised scenarios, and applies the quantity discount and cost-sharing contracts to improve supply chain performance. It is shown that greener markets are more profitable and Pareto improvement can be achieved for all parties under a quantity discount contract. High investment cost hinders the company from achieving a higher emission reduction level. Further, increased consumer green awareness can motivate companies to achieve a higher emission reduction level, but not always lead to improved total carbon emission reductions resulting from the increase in product demand caused by green awareness. It also shows the importance of involving suppliers in green investment, due to their high carbon emission during the component production processes. The findings of this research provide theoretical support for supply chain parties to achieve better coordination in balancing profitability and carbon abatement.
Keywords: Multi-party supply chain | Newsvendor model | Stackelberg game | Consumer green awareness | Sustainability development
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Improving sustainability and social responsibility of a two-tier supply chain investing in emission reduction technology
بهبود پایداری و مسئولیت اجتماعی یک زنجیره تأمین دو لایه سرمایه گذاری در فناوری کاهش انتشار-2021
This paper studies a retailer-dominated supply chain including a single upstream manufacturer that produces two substitutable products and a single downstream retailer that undertakes corporate social responsibility activities. The manufacturer is also regulated by a cap-and-trade policy. We first compare two optimization models for a decentralized system, one that does and one that does not incorporate emission reduction technology, to show that the profit of each system member in the former is higher than that in the latter, while the opposite is true for carbon emissions when the technology level invested by the manufacturer is higher than a threshold. To test the performance of the decentralized model that incorporates emission reduction technology, we model a centralized system and reveal that the system profit in the decentralized model is increased and the corresponding carbon emissions generated during production can be reduced. These findings motivate us to propose a revenue and cost-sharing contract to coordinate the decentralized system. The result shows that the economic and environmental sustainability of the decentralized system can be improved. Finally, several managerial implications are derived by conducting a numerical study.
Keywords: Retailer-dominated supply chain | CSR | Emission reduction technology | Sustainability | Coordination
مقاله انگلیسی
3 The effect of contract methods on the lead time of a two-level photovoltaic supply chain: revenue-sharing vs: cost-sharing
تأثیر روش های قرارداد بر زمان سربازی یک زنجیره تأمین فتوولتائیک دو سطح: تقسیم درآمد در مقابل تقسیم هزینه-2021
In the photovoltaic industry, a large number of photovoltaic power plants are not delivered according to construction schedules, resulting in considerable impacts on various stakeholders. Lead time has been identified as one of the key issues that urgently needs to be resolved. In this paper, we study a two-level photovoltaic supply chain consisting of the customer, the assembler, and the module manufacturer. The basic model, revenue-sharing model, and cost-sharing model are established to analyze the lead time of the module manufacturer and the assembler considering the decline of government subsidies. The results indicate that the cost-sharing contract can effectively control the lead time of the module manufacturer, but the revenue-sharing contract cannot exert this control. Furthermore, if the government subsidy drops from 0.0553 USD/kWh to 0.01195 USD/kWh, the production capacity will be reduced by approximately 37% due to the reduction in installed capacity, and the lead time will decrease by about 27%. For the module manufacturer, when the non-production capacity costs drop by 20%, the profit increases by about 58%. However, when the production capacity costs are reduced by 20%, the profit increases by only about 6%.© 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Photovoltaic industry | Lead time | Supply chain | Revenue-sharing | Cost-sharing
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Joint optimization of charging facility investment and pricing in automobile retail supply chain and coordination
بهینه سازی مشترک سرمایه گذاری و قیمت گذاری تسهیلات شارژ در زنجیره تامین خرده فروشی خودرو و هماهنگی-2021
In terms of energy-saving and emission reduction, and the low cost of using new energy vehicles (NEVs), it’s expected to have a huge potential market. To gain more market share and meet the increasingly strict emissions regulations, auto manufacturers and distributors as the main stakeholders of the automobile retail supply chain start to make charging facility investments (CFI) to promote the adoption of new energy vehicles (NEVs). However, there is no clearly dominant strategy regarding whether and how the auto manufacturer or the retailer should create a joint optimization between their CFI and pricing strategies. Thus, we investigate a four-stage automobile retail supply chain consisting of the government, one manufacturer, one retailer, and customers. The manufacturer and the retailer contemplate CFI while setting the wholesale and retail prices with consideration of the subsidy policy and the heterogeneous customer value towards NEVs. We use Stackelberg game paradigms to model the interactions between players in the automobile retail supply chain. Besides, we derive the thresholds which determine whether the CFI should be or carried out by the manufacturer or the retailer. We find the retailer has a last-mover advantage to conduct CFI. In addition, the manufacturer or the retailer should abandon CFI by himself to have a lift in certain cases. Furthermore, the manufacturer investment cost-sharing contract is designed to coordinate the automobile retail supply chain to make Pareto optimization. It means both the manufacturer’s and the retailer’s profits can improve.
Keywords: New energy vehicles | Charging facility investment | Joint optimization | Last-mover advantage | Cost-sharing contract
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Consumer free riding: Coordinating sales effort in a dual-channel supply chain
سواری رایگان مصرف کننده: هماهنگ سازی تلاش فروش در زنجیره تامین دو کانال-2017
The Internet and e-commerce has allowed manufacturers to approach consumers directly, and has chan ged the structure of most supply chains from a single to a dual channel. Consumers can now shop for a product in an offline store and purchase it online at a lower price. This study considers the effects of free riding on sales effort in a dual-channel supply chain consisting of one manufacturer and one offline store. The results show that under deterministic demand, both the offline store’s sales effort level and the dual channel supply chain’s profit are lower in the decentralized setting than in the centralized setting, and both decrease as the number of free-riding consumers increase. Finally, this paper proposes and analyzes a cost-sharing contract to coordinate a decentralized dual-channel supply chain to achieve beneficial out comes for both parties. An extensive numerical study shows that this contract can improve the supply chain’s efficiency under stochastic demand.
Keywords:Dual-channel supply chain|Sales effort|Free riding|Cost-sharing contract
مقاله انگلیسی
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