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نتیجه جستجو - Credit access

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 7
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Spillover effects of government initiatives fostering entrepreneurship on the access to bank credit for entrepreneurial firms in Europe
اثرات سرریز ابتکارات دولتی در زمینه تقویت کارآفرینی بر دسترسی به اعتبار بانکی برای شرکت های کارآفرین در اروپا-2020
We explore the role of government initiatives fostering entrepreneurship—in the form of tax advantages and government support—in influencing the probability that entrepreneurial firms obtain bank credit and are not discouraged from applying for a loan. We propose that govern- ment initiatives fostering entrepreneurship should allow entrepreneurial firms to access more bank credit by reducing the risk incurred by lenders. We simultaneously estimate the probability of obtaining credit when a firm applies for a loan and the probability that the firm has been discouraged when it does not apply for a loan. In both cases we control for endogeneity. Our results are based on 18,872 observations (from the European Central Bank (ECB) SAFE dataset and Global Entrepreneurship Monitor – GEM) and show that government initiatives improve the probability of entrepreneurial firms obtaining bank credit but do not affect the probability of being discouraged from borrowing. The results also suggest that government initiatives fostering entrepreneurship are of most benefit to younger, smaller, high-growth, and more innovative firms that operate in contexts where the demand for, and accordingly the competition for, bank credit is strongest.
Keywords: Credit access | Government initiative | Discouraged borrowers | Entrepreneurship | Small and medium firms
مقاله انگلیسی
2 The impact of interest rate ceilings on households’ credit access: Evidence from a 2013 Chilean legislation
تأثیر سقف نرخ بهره بر دسترسی به اعتبارات خانوار: شواهدی از یک قانون شیلی سال 2013-2019
This study analyzes the impact of a legislation introduced in Chile in 2013, which gradually reduced the maximum legal interest rate for consumer loans from 54% to 36%. Using a representative sample of households that matches survey data and banking loan records, I compare consumers with risk-adjusted interest rates slightly above and slightly below the legal interest rate ceiling, two groups of similar char- acteristics but who are differently affected by the law. After accounting for both macroeconomic shocks and unobserved household heterogeneity, the results show that being above the interest rate cap reduces the probability of credit access by 8.7% on average. A counterfactual exercise shows that the new legis- lation excluded 9.7% of the borrowers from banking consumer loans. The law’s impact was strongest on the youngest, least educated and poorest families. Finally, I show that the new law affected all lenders of consumer loans in Chile, not just banks.
Keywords: Consumer credit | Default risk | Interest rate ceilings | Usury laws
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Banking relationships, firm-size heterogeneity and access to credit: Evidence from European firms
روابط بانکی ، ناهمگونی به اندازه شرکت و دسترسی به اعتبار: شواهدی از شرکتهای اروپایی-2019
Using detailed data on European manufacturing firms, this paper investigates the role of firmbank relationships and lending technologies in firms’ access to credit during the 2007–2009 financial crisis. Empirical results show that firms’ credit availability improves when banking relationships are tighter and when banks adopt a relationship lending approach. The association between banking relationship characteristics and credit access is characterized by significant heterogeneity across firm size groups. Specifically, we find that relationship lending technologies, the recourse to multiple banking and a consolidated relationship with the main bank are particularly beneficial for the access to credit of informationally opaque small businesses.
Keywords: Credit rationing | Firm-bank relationships | Lending technologies | Firm size | Sample selection
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Credit accessibility, institutional deficiency and entrepreneurship in China
دسترسی به اعتبار ، نقص نهادی و کارآفرینی در چین-2019
Using a brand new data, we document seriously low credit accessibility from financial institutes for small and micro enterprises (SMEs) and examine whether and how it affects entrepreneurial activity in China. We find that credit constraints significantly decrease the possibility of households becoming entrepreneurs. Based on our estimates, 10% decrease in the probability of being credit constrained would be associated with 4.3 million newly-created household businesses, or equivalently 11 million jobs. In the end, factors that determine credit accessibility are exploited and the result indicates that institutional deficiency plays a role in shaping the pattern of financing difficulties in China. Specifically, we find households in regions with more commercialized banking or those with government-sector workers are more likely to access to credit when other relevant variables are conditioned. In particular, the positive role of governmentsector workers is more pronounced in regions with weaker market institutions.
Keywords: Credit accessibility | Entrepreneurship | Institutional deficiency | Household finance | China
مقاله انگلیسی
5 خوش بینی کارآفرینانه، دسترس پذیری اعتبارات، و هزینه ی تأمین مالی: شواهدی از کسب و کارهای کوچک ایالات متحده
سال انتشار: 2017 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 19 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 47
ما با استفاده از نمونه ی بزرگی از کسب و کارهای کوچک ایالات متحده و یک معیار جدید برای خوش بینی، نقش خوش بینی کارآفرینانه در اعطای وام به کسب و کارهای کوچک را مورد بررسی قرار دادیم. ما شواهدی ارائه دادیم که پرداخت وام به کارآفرینان خوش بین از سوی وام دهندگان، به صورت جیره ای و محدود نیست. کاملاً برعکس، نتایج ما نشان می دهد که آنها دسترسی بهتری به اعتبارات دارند و هزینه ی کمتری هم برای تأمین مالی پرداخت می کنند. نتایج ما برای معیارهای ثانویه ی خوش بینی و کنترل های اعمالی بر اطلاعات شخصی بین وام دهندگان و وام گیرندگان نیز صادق است.
کلیدواژه ها: اعطای وام به کسب و کارهای کوچک | خوش بینی کارآفرینانه | هزینه ی تأمین مالی
مقاله ترجمه شده
6 خوش بینی کارآفرینانه، دسترس پذیری اعتبارات، و هزینه ی تأمین مالی: شواهدی از کسب و کارهای کوچک ایالات متحده
سال انتشار: 2017 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 19 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 53
ما با استفاده از نمونه ی بزرگی از کسب و کارهای کوچک ایالات متحده و یک معیار جدید برای خوش بینی، نقش خوش بینی کارآفرینانه در اعطای وام به کسب و کارهای کوچک را مورد بررسی قرار دادیم. ما شواهدی ارائه دادیم که پرداخت وام به کارآفرینان خوش بین از سوی وام دهندگان، به صورت جیره ای و محدود نیست. کاملاً برعکس، نتایج ما نشان می دهد که آنها دسترسی بهتری به اعتبارات دارند و هزینه ی کمتری هم برای تأمین مالی پرداخت می کنند. نتایج ما برای معیارهای ثانویه ی خوش بینی و کنترل های اعمالی بر اطلاعات شخصی بین وام دهندگان و وام گیرندگان نیز صادق است.
کلیدواژه: اعطای وام به کسب و کارهای کوچک | خوش بینی کارآفرینانه | هزینه ی تأمین مالی
مقاله ترجمه شده
7 An Empirical Assessment of the Export—Financial Constraint Relationship: How Different are Small and Medium Enterprises?
ارزیابی تجربی از صادرات و رابطه محدودیت مالی : شرکت های کوچک و متوسط چقدر متفاوت هستند؟-2016
We analyze the financial constraint—export relationship in a framework that is consistent with stylized features of data. The analysis accounts for whether firms need loans or have sufficient capital, and studies the use of bank loans (quantity of finance) and availability of overdraft facilities (flexibility of finance). We develop a two-stage estimation procedure that uses an equation of bank financing in the first stage and an export equation in the second. We find that export participation (extensive margin) and the share of exports in total sales (intensive margin) increase with the availability of overdraft facilities, particularly so for SMEs with loan needs. The percentage of foreign ownership, ISO certification, and operation in manufacturing sector are also significant and positively associated with a firm’s export participation and firm’s share of exports in total sales. The main results are robust to a battery of econometric specifications and statistical tests applied on the firm-level data from our sample countries. The finding of a large economic significance of the overdraft facility variable is consistent with a growing concern from SMEs that the regulatory response to the Global Financial Crisis has forced banks to tighten risk management, thereby raising the rejection rates of overdraft and loan applications from SMEs. For SMEs in developing countries and emerging markets, the improvement of alternative financing forms and supportive government interventions has become ever more challenging.
Key words — credit access | SME | exporting firms | financial structure | Asia | Thailand
مقاله انگلیسی
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