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1 |
When saving is gambling
وقتی که ذخیره کردن پول، قماربازی است-2018 Prize-linked savings (PLS) accounts, which allocate interest using lottery payments rather than fixed interest, encourage savings by appealing to households’ gambling preferences. I introduce new data on casino cash withdrawals to measure gambling, and examine how individual gambling expenditures respond to the introduction of PLS in Nebraska using a difference-in-differences design. After PLS is introduced, individuals who live in counties that offer PLS reduce gambling by at least 3% more than unaffected individuals. The substitution effect is stronger in low-frills gambling environments, which most resemble PLS, indicating that these accounts fulfill the desire to gamble.
keywords: Prize linked savings |Gambling |Risk aversion |Financial literacy |Credit unions |
مقاله انگلیسی |
2 |
Financial Management Effectiveness and Board Gender Diversity in Member-Governed, Community Financial Institutions
اثربخشی مدیریت مالی و انجمن تنوع جنسیتی در، جامعه موسسات مالی-عضو دولت-2015 Although non-profit organisations typically have
high representation of females on their boards, relatively
little is known about the effects of gender diversity in these
organisations particularly in relation to financial management. In this archival study, resource dependency theory and
agency analysis are combined to provide theoretical insight
and empirical analysis of gender diversity on effective financial management in member-governed, community financial institutions. The investigation is possible due to the
unique characteristics of the organisational form and region
being examined—credit unions in Northern Ireland. The
sector has not been subject to external regulation on board
gender, yet a wide array of gender mix on boards ranging
from 100 % male to 100 % female are in existence. In
addition, effective financial management is crucial to their
survival and their ability to meet member objectives. Boards
with higher female representation exhibit superior financial
management first, in respect of loan book quality in the
period of austerity following the financial crisis and second
when measured against return on assets.
Keywords : Agency | Credit unions | Financial management | Gender diversity | Governance | Nonprofits | Resource dependence theory |
مقاله انگلیسی |