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1 |
Pursuits in Collision Affiliation, Disaffiliation, and Multimodality in Persian Interaction
تعقیب وابستگی برخورد، عدم وابستگی و چندوجهی در تعامل فارسی-2022 This study is on pursuing an interactional outcome in the face of a co-interactant’s resistance. Despite
at least a forty-year history of research on pursuits in social interaction (Jefferson, 1981; Pomerantz,
1984b), there is still much to explore about this ubiquitous social phenomenon. This research employs
a multimodal conversation analytic methodology to address some less-explored questions on pursuits:
what practices does an interactant use to further their course of action against their co-interactant’s
resistance? Do the details of these practices have implications for the trajectory of the interaction
towards escalation or de-escalation? What do these practices tell us about the agentive stance adopted
by the pursuing party? And how can interactants heading towards an escalated pursuit manage
disaffiliation? Two different types of pursuit sequences are introduced: persisting in furthering one’s
course of action and gradually desisting from a course of action. The findings show a novel
phenomenon called multimodal gradation: a temporally coordinated up- or downgrading of a multitude
of resources that are simultaneously used in formatting a social action. Borrowing Mondada’s terms
(2014), a whole “multimodal Gestalt” by which a turn at talk is delivered is up- or downgraded.
Multimodal upgrading of a pursuit turn projects further expansions to the pursuit sequence and it can
escalate an initial clash. On the other hand, multimodal downgrading of a pursuit turn projects a
contingent sequence closure and de-escalation. Also, upgrading the multimodal Gestalt of a pursuit turn
displays the pursuing party’s stronger agentive stance compared to downgrading the turn. The project
introduces another multimodal phenomenon termed mock aggression. Used between intimate
interactants, mock aggression offers opportunities for affiliation despite its aggressive appearance. The
findings have implications for our understanding of sequence and preference organization in CA,
multimodality, agency, and conflict management. Data are in Persian and collected in Iran. |
مقاله انگلیسی |
2 |
End-of-life medical decision-making for children in custody: A collaborative, multi-stakeholder practical approach
تصمیم گیری پایان عمر پزشکی برای کودکان در بازداشت: یک رویکرد عملی مشترک چند جانبه-2020 Background: Parents have a constitutionally-protected, fundamental right to make decisions
concerning the health and well-being of their children, afforded by the Due Process Clause of the
Fourteenth Amendment. However, parental rights are not absolute, and may be curtailed after a
finding of parental “unfitness” including perpetration of egregious child abuse/neglect. Court
intervention may be necessary to assert “parens patriae” authority to protect a child’s well-being.
Disagreements over medical care for a child (particularly when parent maltreatment resulted in
life-altering clinical conditions and parents are suspected of perpetrating abusive injuries) often
pose conflicts of interest. End-of-life decision-making involving abuse perpetrators may be influenced
by self-interest, due to potential for escalation of criminal charges.
Objective: Discuss medico-legal decision-making for children in child welfare custody using a
detailed case example involving a child near-fatally, abusively injured by his parents; review of
relevant case law/national legal precedents; and clinical policy statements guiding end-of-life
decision-making for pediatric patients.
Participants/setting/methods: Using an exploratory, quasi-qualitative approach, perceived experiences
of purposefully-selected taskforce members identified key themes that informed a care
de-escalation protocol, implemented across the state.
Results: Key themes included coordinated communication, expedited legal proceedings, and
balancing child’s best interest (the right not to suffer for a prolonged period of time or sustain
complications) with parents’ rights and due process concerns, and informed protocol development.
Conclusions: Practicable guidance established in the protocol can be theoretically adapted at the
local level to address the complexity inherent in end-of-life decision-making for children in
custody Keywords: Child abuse and neglect | End-of-life decision-making | Care de-escalation | Multidisciplinary team | Abuse perpetration | Child abuse victimization | parens patriae |
مقاله انگلیسی |
3 |
Evaluation of a police training on de-escalation with trauma-exposed youth
ارزیابی آموزش پلیس در مورد تنش زدایی با جوانان در معرض تروما-2020 This study reports the development and evaluation of a police training workshop on de-escalating
situations with trauma-exposed youth. The training was developed using a participatory action
framework, with the goal of increasing knowledge of adolescent development and the impact of
trauma, and promoting skills for de-escalating situations with adolescents. A mixed methods
study was conducted to explore the effectiveness of the workshop. Participants were 98 current
police officers and recruits. Following the training, knowledge about adolescents and self-efficacy
for dealing with adolescents increased, and anxiety about working with adolescents decreased.
Open-ended responses indicated that the training was well received. A brief intervention can
promote police officers’ knowledge of adolescents, self-efficacy, and ease in interacting with
adolescents. Future research should build on these findings to determine if these changes lead to a
decrease in the use of force in interactions with adolescents.
Keywords: Police | Juvenile | Training | Trauma | De-escalation |
مقاله انگلیسی |