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نتیجه جستجو - Degradation

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 130
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Dual-Frequency Quantum Phase Estimation Mitigates the Spectral Leakage of Quantum Algorithms
تخمین فاز کوانتومی دو فرکانس برای کاهش نشت طیفی الگوریتم‌های کوانتومی-2022
Quantum phase estimation is an important component in diverse quantum algorithms. However, it suffers from spectral leakage, when the reciprocal of the record length is not an integer multiple of the unknown phase, which incurs an accuracy degradation. For the existing single-sample estimation scheme, window-based methods have been proposed for spectral leakage mitigation. As a further advance, we propose a dual-frequency estimator, which asymptotically approaches the Cramér-Rao bound, when multiple samples are available. Numerical results show that the proposed estimator outperforms the existing window-based methods, when the number of samples is sufficiently high.
Index Terms: Algorithmic error mitigation | dual-frequency estimator | quantum algorithms | quantum phase estimation.
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Computer vision technique for freshness estimation from segmented eye of fish image
تکنیک بینایی کامپیوتری برای تخمین تازگی از چشم تقسیم شده تصویر ماهی-2022
Preserving the quality of fish is a challenging task. Several different cooling methods and materials are used during their storage, transportation purpose. These are responsible factors that decide the freshness of a post harvested fish. In this proposed algorithm, a computer vision-based technique is developed to predict the freshness level of fish from its image. Eyes of the fish are considered as the region of interest, as a good corre- lation has been observed between the colour of the eye and different duration of storage day. It is segmented from the image of a fish sample and then a strategic framework is used for extraction of the discriminatory features. These extracted features show a degradation pattern which acts as an indicative parameter to determine the level of freshness of sample of fish. The proposed method provides a recognition accuracy of 96.67%. The experimental results indicate that this is an efficient and non-destructive methodology for detecting the fish freshness. The high accuracy of freshness detection and low computation time makes this non-destructive methodology efficient for real-world usage in the fish industry and market.
keywords: استخراج ویژگی | چشم ماهی | تکنیک های پردازش تصویر | سطح تازگی | تقسیم بندی | Feature extraction | Fish eye | Image processing techniques | Level of freshness | Segmentation
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Simultaneous Execution of Quantum Circuits on Current and Near-Future NISQ Systems
اجرای همزمان مدارهای کوانتومی در سیستم‌های NISQ فعلی و آینده نزدیک-2022
In the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era, the idea of quantum multiprogramming, running multiple quantum circuits (QCs) simultaneously on the same hardware, helps to improve the throughput of quantum computation. However, the crosstalk, unwanted interference between qubits on NISQ processors, may cause performance degradation when using multiprogramming. To address this challenge, we introduce palloq (parallel allocation of QCs), a novel compilation protocol. Palloq improves the performance of quantum multiprogramming on NISQ processors, while paying attention to 1) the combination of QCs chosen for parallel execution and 2) the assignment of program qubit variables to physical qubits, to reduce unwanted interference among the active set of QCs. We also propose a software-based crosstalk detection protocol using a new combination of randomized benchmarking methods. Our method successfully characterizes the suitability of hardware for multiprogramming with relatively low detection costs. We found a tradeoff between the success rate and execution time of the multiprogramming. Our results will be of value when device throughput becomes a significant bottleneck. Until service providers have enough quantum processors available to more than meet demand, this approach will be attractive to the service providers and users who want to optimize job management and throughput of the processor.
INDEX TERMS: Compiler | crosstalk | multiprogramming | noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) | quantum computing.
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Ultrasonic physical layers as building blocks of IoT stacks
لایه های فیزیکی اولتراسونیک به عنوان بلوک های سازنده پشته های اینترنت اشیا-2022
Instrumental, Scientific and Medical (ISM) bands are essential to the transmission of IoT traffic as most of the physical layers of the Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) families rely on them. ISM bands, however, are associated with a myriad of problems responsible for signal degradation and pollution that lead to application Quality of Service (QoS) issues. In this context, the use of alternative transmission mechanisms serve as backup to traditional schemes. One of such mechanisms relies on sub-ultrasonic and ultrasonic signals for the propagation of IoT device traffic. In this paper, we recycle a well known acoustic modulation scheme intended to be used in legacy Public Switching Telephone Networks (PSTNs) to support sub-ultrasonic and ultrasonic channels. This scheme becomes the basic building block of a physical layer that is combined with other well known elements of the IoT layered architecture. This not only includes a customized link layer but also an adaptation layer that enables full integration with upper layers.
Keywords: 6LoWPAN | Ultrasound | ITU V.23 | CoAP | CSMA/CA | Layers
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Implementation and Calibration of an IoT Light Attenuation Turbidity Sensor
پیاده سازی و کالیبراسیون سنسور مه آلود تضعیف نور اینترنت اشیا-2022
Turbidity is an important characteristic of water quality that can indicate the presence of un- desirable suspended particulate matter. Having access to an inexpensive and effective turbidity sensor unlocks numerous Internet of Things (IoT) possibilities for remote environmental moni- toring. Optical light attenuation turbidity sensors operate on the premise of detecting signal degradation from a light source due to scattering from particles in a solution. This approach is technologically unpretentious and only requires a handful of inexpensive electronic components to construct. However, while this method is touted as “simple”, a significant challenge lies in sensor calibration. That is, converting an analogue signal into a meaningful and accurate digital reading in a known turbidity measurement standard (e.g., Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU)). This paper presents an IoT light attenuation turbidity sensor design and explores the calibration process to determine the sensor’s range and accuracy. Sensor calibration is undertaken using Formazin turbidity standards and is cross-checked against a commercial turbidimeter. We provide a step-by-step procedure for determining the correct signal strength to use and a functional form for the sensor response to the Formazin standard. Finally, we specify an estimate of the accuracy of the sensor and suggest the next steps in the proposed turbidity sensor’s development. Results indicate that the sensor achieves within 2%-10% of accuracy at higher ranges (100–4000 NTU), but its performance becomes significantly less reliable in low NTU ranges (< 100 NTU) where the error rate increases to 26%. The turbidity sensor is used as part of an IoT remote aquatic envi- ronmental monitoring platform.
keywords: Internet of underwater things | Turbidity | Affordable sensors | Calibration | attenuation turbidimeter
مقاله انگلیسی
6 A review and perspectives on predicting the performance and durability of electrical contacts in automotive applications
بررسی و دیدگاه‌هایی در مورد پیش‌بینی عملکرد و دوام کنتاکت‌های الکتریکی در کاربردهای خودرو-2021
This review reports the recent progress in predicting the performance and long-term durability of electrical connectors in the automotive industry. The review features a short introduction to electrical contacts as well as the validation process before product launch, followed by a study of fretting wear and the latest mathematical models describing this phenomenon. We discuss approaches to numerical modeling in the micro- and macro-scale, including the identification of the most promising research approaches to allow durability prediction of an electrical connector. Finally, we address some gaps in the research which require further investigation. This would allow further development of numerical models enabling the prediction of automotive connector durability with regard to its electrical and mechanical performance, and hence, the performance of the entire wire harness.
Keywords: Fretting | Modeling and simulation | Numerical modeling | Mechanics of materials | Electrical and electronic engineering | Modeling of degradation | LSR aging
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Urban natural resource accounting based on the system of environmental economic accounting in Northwest China: A case study of Xi’an
حسابداری منابع طبیعی شهری بر اساس سیستم حسابداری اقتصادی محیطی در شمال غربی چین: مطالعه موردی شیان-2021
Drawing lessons from the System of Environmental and Economic Accounting Central Framework (SEEA-CF) and Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA-EEA), China is carrying out a pilot project for ecosystem accounting at the provincial level. Compiling and applying the principles, methods and ecosystem accounts of natural capital accounting in Northwest cities are new explorations. This study considers the degradation and fragility of the urban ecosystem in Xi’an and discusses urban natural resource (NR) accounting in terms of the physical quantity and monetary value. We took Xi’an as a case to demonstrate how to use the SEEA to analyze NR changes and the effectiveness of local eco-environmental management policies based on the characteristics of cities. The results show that, compared with using the physical quantity, calculating the monetary value according to NR resto- ration obligation, NR maintenance obligation better reflects the utilization level of urban NR, measures resource depletion and degradation, and maximizes the utility of the accounting results. This study focuses on using NR accounting methods for urban water resources, land resources and mineral resources, and evaluating ecosystem services for purposes of ecological restoration. It lays a foundation for consolidating urban gross ecosystem product accounting results in line with the SEEA and provides support for future study.
keywords: پایتخت طبیعی | ارزش فیزیکی | ارزش پولی | رادیو | Natural capital | Physical value | Monetary value | SEEA
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Conflict minerals and battery materials supply chains: A mapping review of responsible sourcing initiatives
زنجیره های تأمین مواد معدنی و مواد باتری درگیری: بررسی نقشه ابتکارهای مسئول تهیه منابع-2021
Responsible mineral sourcing is a major issue on the global sustainability agenda. Spurred by “conflict minerals”, debates about the ethics of mineral supply chains now encompass a broad set of concerns including child labor, corruption, environmental degradation, and a green transition away from fossil fuels. The past two decades have seen a flurry of initiatives to clean up supply chains and protect the reputation of major companies. Based on a mapping review of 220 studies of responsible mineral supply chains, this study highlights the approaches that responsible minerals sourcing initiatives have taken, focusing on conflict minerals (tin, tungsten tantalum and gold) as well as metals and minerals needed for renewable energy technologies in a transition to a low carbon economy (cobalt, graphite, lithium, manganese and nickel). We briefly describe the evolution of these initiatives, contrast arguments about mandatory and voluntary approaches, summarize findings regarding their impacts on local communities and corporate actors, and discuss the challenges and opportunities of new technologies and traceability systems.
Keywords: Responsible sourcing | CSR | Supply chains | Blockchain | Conflict minerals | Cobalt
مقاله انگلیسی
9 An entity-relationship model of the flow of waste and resources in city-regions: Improving knowledge management for the circular economy
یک مدل ارتباط برقراری ارتباط از جریان ضایعات و منابع در مناطق شهری: بهبود مدیریت دانش برای اقتصاد دایره ای-2021
Waste and resources management is one of the domains where urban and regional planning can transition to- wards a Circular Economy, thus slowing environmental degradation. Improving waste and resources manage- ment in cities requires an adequate understanding of multiple systems and how they interact. New technologies contribute to improve waste management and resource efficiency, but knowledge silos hinder the possibility of delivering sound holistic solutions. Furthermore, lack of compatibility between data formats and diverse defi- nitions of the same concept reduces information exchange across different urban domains. This paper addresses the challenge of organising and standardising information about waste and resources management in city regions. Given the amount and variety of data constantly captured, data models and standards are a crucial element of Industry 4.0. The paper proposes an Entity-Relationship Model to harmonise definitions and integrate infor- mation on waste and resources management. Furthermore, it helps to formalise the components of the system and their relationships. Semi-structured interviews with government officials, mobile app developers and aca- demics provided insights into the specific system and endorsed the model. Finally, the paper illustrates the translation of the ERM into a relational database schema and instantiates Waste Management and industrial Symbiosis cases in Buenos Aires (ARG) and Helsingborg (SWE) to validate its general applicability. The data model for the Circular Flow of Waste and Resources presented here enhances traditional waste management perspectives by introducing Circular Economy strategies and spatial variables in the model. Thus, this research represents a step towards unlocking the true potential of Industry 4.0.
keywords: شهرهای دایره ای | مدیریت زباله | اقتصاد دایره ای | صنعت 4.0 | مدل ارتباط برق | sql | Circular cities | Waste management | Circular economy | Industry 4.0 | Entity-relationship model | SQL
مقاله انگلیسی
10 Experimental investigation of structural system capacity with multiple fatigue cracks
بررسی تجربی ظرفیت سیستم ساختاری با ترک های خستگی متعدد-2021
Few experimental data sets exist in the literature to support the development and evaluation of digital twins predicting structural degradation. The literature is especially sparse for system tests where multiple failures occur and interact. In this work, a laboratory-level experiment is conducted to mimic many of the properties of larger and more complex marine structures with redundant load paths, failure interaction, and component-to-system level integration. In the experiment, such properties are reflected by a hexagon tension specimen with four propagating fatigue cracks tested under displacement-controlled loading. The applied loading cycles and corresponding crack lengths are recorded as the major time-varying data of degradation, with the resisting force at maximum extension used as the system capacity. A novel computer vision method is used to measure the crack length. Strain gauges are also used to monitor the structure’s status. The experimental data is presented and analyzed in this paper. The resulting data sets can be used to evaluate the performance of different digital twin updating approaches.
Keywords: Fatigue test | Laboratory scale | Multi-degradation | Marine structures | Crack length measurement
مقاله انگلیسی
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