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نتیجه جستجو - Economic performance

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 44
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Environmental and economic sustainability of key sectors in Chinas steel industry chain: An application of the Emergy Accounting approach
پایداری محیط زیست و اقتصادی بخش های کلیدی در زنجیره صنعت فولاد چین: استفاده از رویکرد حسابداری ظاهری-2021
Increasing urbanization day–by–day requires new housing and transportation infrastructures. As a consequence, demand for steel – a basic material for buildings construction as well as for vehicles and railroads – would also increases. This study applies Emergy Accounting (EMA) to assess the Chinás steel industry environmental per- formance and to identify key application sectors. Subsequently, this study calculates emergy–based indicators capable to assess the present economic performance, environmental sustainability, and land resource appropriate utilization. Building on these indicators, changes of sustainability scenarios in key application sectors are also investigated, with special focus on increased use of recycled steel. The results show that the environmental impacts of steel use in downstream sectors, specially in the Housing and Vehicles Sectors, are significantly higher. Furthermore, the downstream sectors also have a very large requirement for embodied land. Addition- ally, the Emergy Benefit Ratio (EBR) shows non-negligible advantages to China derived from importing raw iron from abroad at international market prices. Finally, when the recycling rate of scrap steel increases, the per- formance of downstream sectors improves, with the Vehicle sector showing the most significant changes. Although the benefits of steel-based economy to society are clear, multidimensional sustainability concerns and international competition for primary resources necessitate a transition towards increased recycling and inno- vative materials within a strictly enforced “circular economy” policy.
keywords: بخش های کاربردی فولاد | حسابداری امری | بازیافت فولاد و استفاده مجدد از فولاد | ارزیابی پایداری | Steel application sectors | Emergy accounting | Steel recycling and reusing | Sustainability assessment
مقاله انگلیسی
2 The application of management accounting practices towards the sustainable development of family businesses: A critical review
استفاده از شیوه های حسابداری مدیریت به سوی توسعه پایدار کسب و کارهای خانوادگی: یک بررسی انتقادی-2021
The purpose of this study is to comprehensively review the extant literature on the application of management accounting practices (MAPs) to the sustainable development of family businesses (FBs), and to identify future research avenues. Academic interest in the field of MAPs in family businesses as well as the concept of sustainable development has been growing rapidly due to the fast-moving business landscape associated with environmental dynamism, particularly over the past two decades. Consequently, some authors claim that the heterogeneous characteristics of FBs apparently lead to a lower degree of information asymmetry, and that this, in-turn, may weaken the need for MAPs. On the other hand, some studies emphasise that the distinctive conflicts of interest in FBs and some contingent factors (for example, intense competition in the industry) are triggers for the adoption of MAPs by FBs. Given these mixed research outcomes and the absence of a comprehensive study that demonstrates the state-of-the-art in this research stream, this paper aims to review previously reported key works to thoroughly investigate the above mentioned factors with a view to exploring the existing knowledge gap. The holistic conclusion arrived at by the study points to the fact that there seems to have a considerable impact of family involvement on business performance achieved through the application of MAPs. Nonetheless, the impact of certain heterogeneous characteristics of FBs on the application of environmental management accounting (EMA) practices, which is a sub-stream of MAPs, is yet to be explored.
Keywords: Management accounting practices | Family business | Sustainable development | Economic performance | Environmental performance | Environmental management accounting | Environmental dynamism
مقاله انگلیسی
3 بازاریابی جاذبه ای دیجیتال: اندازه گیری عملکرد اقتصادی تجارت الکترونیکی خواروبار در اروپا و آمریکا
سال انتشار: 2021 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 13 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 30
این تحقیق به بررسی رابطه هزینه-نتیجه اقدامات بازاریابی جاذبه ای مورد استفاده تجارت الکترونیکی خواروبار می پردازد. این تحلیل بر اساس به کارگیری مدل درفمن و استینر (1954) برای بودجه تبلیغات بهینه است که مولفین آن را با بازاریابی دیجیتال تطبیق می دهند و با تحلیل آماری تجاری تایید میکنند. با توجه به 29 شرکت عمده در شش کشور در افق زمانی شش سال، تحلیل ترکیبی تکنیک های بهینه سازی موتور جستجو و بازاریابی موتور جستجو هدف جذب کارکنان به صفحات وب شرکت ها را دنبال می کند. نتایج تایید می کند که تجارت الکترونیکی بازاریابی جاذبه ای دیجیتال را بهینه سازی می کند. تفاوت ها بسته به نوع فرمت و سطح کشور فرق دارند.
واژگان کلیدی: بازاریابی جاذبه ای | بازاریابی دیجیتال | تجارت الکترونیک | خرده فروشی | عملکرد اقتصادی | بهینه سازی سرمایه گذاری بازاریابی.
مقاله ترجمه شده
4 Impact of product perishability on agri-food supply chains design
تأثیر فسادپذیری محصول در طراحی زنجیره های تأمین مواد غذایی غذایی-2021
Perishability of agri-food products impacts the economic, environmental, and social aspects of agri-food supply chains (AFSCs). Product perishability is, usually, considered in tactical and operational decisions, but not in strategic ones, such as the design of the AFSC. The contribution of this paper is that it investigates the impact of product perishability on an AFSC design. To do so, first, a novel mixed-integer linear programming model is proposed to design entire AFSCs with multiple-products, which considers capacity, planting, harvesting, transporting and perishability constraints for a multiple-period horizon. A set of scenarios is generated by varying products’ shelf life and analysed. The results show that product perishability is relevant when designing AFSCs, especially for products with a short shelf life. The results show that an AFSC’s economic performance improves when product perishability is considered. The model can also help in determining the investment needed extend products shelf life while remaining profitable. Other uses could include tactical planning for chains already in place.
Keywords: Agri-food supply chain design | Planting | Harvest | Optimization | Shelf life
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Techno-economic and life cycle greenhouse gas emissions assessment of liquefied natural gas supply chain in China
ارزیابی فنی و اقتصادی و چرخه زندگی انتشار گازهای گلخانه ای از زنجیره تامین گاز طبیعی مایع در چین-2021
This study assessed the techno-economic performance and life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for various liquefied natural gas (LNG) supply chains in China in order to find the most efficient way to supply and use LNG. This study improves current literature by adding supply chain optimization options (cold energy recovery and hydrogen production) and by analyzing the entire supply chain of four different LNG end-users (power generation, industrial heating, residential heating, and truck usage). This resulted in 33 LNG pathways for which the energy efficiency, life cycle GHG emissions, and life cycle costs were determined by process-based material and energy flow analysis, life cycle assessment, and pro- duction cost calculation, respectively. The LNG and hydrogen supply chains were compared with a reference chain (coal or diesel) to determine avoided GHG emissions and GHG avoidance costs. Results show that NG with full cryogenic carbon dioxide capture (FCCC) is most beneficial pathway for both avoided GHG emissions and GHG avoidance costs (70.5e112.4 g CO2-e/MJLNG and 66.0e95.9 $/t CO2-e). The best case was obtained when NG with FCCC replaces coal-fired power plants. Results also indicate that hydrogen pathways requires maturation of new technology options and significant capital cost reductions to become attractive.© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords: Liquefied natural gas | Techno-economic assessment | Life cycle greenhouse gas emission | Cold recovery | Blue hydrogen
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Sustainable supply chain design considering indicators of value creation
طراحی پایدار زنجیره تأمین با در نظر گرفتن شاخص های ارزش آفرینی-2021
The growing concern about environmental and social impacts resulting from industrial activities has rethought the problem of supply chain design, in which the environmental and social pillars must be considered in the design process. Although the optimization of economic performance has been the main objective on the design of supply chains, the integration of financial indicators into design models has not been widely developed. This article proposes a mathematical programming model for the design of a sustainable supply chain. The objective function of the proposed model is the maximization of the market value added as a measure of the accumulated economic performance. The formulation includes the application of weighted raw material, transportation, and production costs to correctly calculate the cost of goods sold, a feature widely ignored in the literature. Regarding the social dimension, the installation of plants and distribution centers in regions with low human development index is promoted, and in the environmental dimension, the equivalent tons of carbon dioxide emitted by the land transportation of goods are restricted. An optimization-based primal heuristic is used as a solution strategy for the resulting mixed integer non-linear programming model. Finally, the proposed model is applied to a case study, which demonstrates the importance of considering sustainability for supply chain configuration.
Keywords: Supply chain design | Sustainability | Financial measures | Market value added | Weighted costs
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Improving the sustainability of a reverse supply chain system under demand uncertainty by using postponement strategies
بهبود پایداری سیستم زنجیره تأمین معکوس تحت عدم اطمینان تقاضا با استفاده از استراتژی های به تعویق انداختن-2021
In recent decades, issues of resource depletion and waste piling have grown at an alarming rate, which are happening in the cases of product wastes with significant residual values, such as e-waste. To address these issues, stakeholders have focused to develop a reverse supply chain (RSC) system that can sustain profitable takeback, reuse, and recycling operations in the long-term. Such a system requires efficiency in handling complex operations involving various players while being responsive to demand uncertainty and changes. One way in realizing these capabilities is by incorporating postponement concepts to the integrated RSC network, allowing the delay of operations susceptible to demand uncertainty. This study pioneers the formulation of a two-stage stochastic mixed-integer model of a multi-player RSC with speculation-postponement strategies. The sample average approximation method is used to solve and verify the proposed model that has an uncertain demand. Various speculation-postponement strategies, namely, disassembly, reconditioning, and reassembly strategies are developed to configure forecast and demand-driven RSC operations, including the purchasing, product takeback, production planning, inven- tory, and item speculation decisions. Numerical examples of the notebook computer RSC demonstrate that utilizing the right operation postponement can increase the network’s flexibility, allowing better economic performances even under high demand uncertainty risks and stricter environmental regula- tions. In various cases, the RSC performs better with speculation-postponement strategies than without postponement strategy, demonstrating the proposed model’s superiority. This study can provide insight to decision-makers to improve RSC sustainability through postponement. Moreover, the model is generic and can be applied to other products as well.© 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Reverse supply chain | Reuse | Recycling | Postponement | Demand uncertainty
مقاله انگلیسی
8 The potential of simulations for developing multiple learning outcomes: The student perspective
پتانسیل شبیه سازی برای ایجاد نتایج یادگیری چندگانه: دیدگاه دانشجو-2020
One of the main challenges for higher education study plans in business, management and economics is to go beyond traditional teaching models to foster skills development, and to de- velop interdisciplinary approaches to enhance education for sustainable development. This ar- ticle presents an innovative classroom activity for advancing multiple learning outcomes in economics courses, and measures student perceptions about how useful simulations can be to develop these key learning outcomes. It consists of a simulation in which students represent different countries and carry out international exchanges to implement a set of public policies, attempting to improve their overall social and economic performance through the lens of the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals. Overall, the findings suggest that students perceived the simulation as a very productive tool to develop multiple learning outcomes. They considered it particularly useful with regard to improving their knowledge acquisition, problem solving, critical thinking and interpersonal skills. They also stated that role-play activities are an effective way to enhance affective-learning outcomes. This simulation is suitable to be implemented in different economics courses, such as international political economy, international economics and other regional economics courses. It could also be adapted to several classroom settings with groups of different sizes.
Keywords: Simulation | Role-play | Problem-based | International economics | Sustainable development goals | 2030 agenda
مقاله انگلیسی
9 The role of multiple ties in knowledge networks: Complementarity in the Montefalco wine cluster
نقش پیوندهای متعدد در شبکه های دانش: مکمل در خوشه شراب Montefalco-2020
After decades of studies about pervasive, wide, and inclusive knowledge externalities and the advantages of being there, recent literature on management, industrial marketing, economic geography, regional studies, and related fields has stressed that knowledge spreads imperfectly, unevenly, and selectively within regional and cluster contexts. In this respect, little is known about the role played by heterogeneous knowledge ties among the same set of actors and to what extent they follow overlapping or different routes of exchanging knowledge. Thus, an investigation of multiple knowledge networks in clusters is a fundamental approach to interpret the reasons for innovation and economic performance. With an original dataset comprised of data collected by surveys directly administered in local wineries in the Montefalco wine region of Italy, this paper aims to analyse the roles played by different local knowledge ties within a sector that is critically driven by the exchange of knowledge among economic actors. Social network analysis and exponential random graph modelling were applied to investigate the driving forces of the knowledge flows. The empirical results showed that economic and social ties positively affect the spread of knowledge, but the former has a higher magnitude impact than the latter. Moreover, they follow complementary routes of exchange rather than overlapping ones. We suggest that such a structure has implications for understanding the diffusion of knowledge and structures of innovation in cluster contexts.
Keywords: Multiple networks | Knowledge diffusion | ERGM | Industrial cluster | Wine industry
مقاله انگلیسی
10 Coordinating energy management for multiple energy hubs: From a transaction perspective
هماهنگی مدیریت انرژی برای مراکز مختلف انرژی: از منظر معاملات-2020
The coupled multiple energy carriers integrated with distributed energy units, e.g., energy converters, renewable energy, and storages have offered energy hubs high flexibility and independent controllability. In this paper, a decentralized transactive based energy management framework enabling coordination among multiple energy hubs (MEHs) is developed. Aiming to improve the economic performance of the interconnected energy hub system, a peer to peer (P2P) transaction platform is established for the self-organized trading of MEH. Particularly, a generic scheme for the generation of transaction prices is specified for the energy hub, which is firstly integrated into a modified alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) method for the realization of achieving P2P transaction consensus amongst MEHs. Furthermore, this price scheme offers high traceability of energy-price flows inner EHs operation process and external energy transaction activities, providing transparent price signals in the local P2P market. A three-energy hub system is simulated, and numerical case studies have demonstrated the proposed coordination scheme actively encourages individual EH to enroll in the P2P transaction scheme, offering all EHs a win-win transaction framework and improving the global economic efficiency of the networked system.
Keywords: Energy hubs | Decentralized optimization | P2P transaction
مقاله انگلیسی
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