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Remanufacturing with upgrade PSS for new sustainable business models
تولید مجدد با PSS ارتقا یافته برای مدل های جدید تجاری پایدار-2020 Starting from mid ‘90s, Eco-efficient Product Service Systems (PSSs) were indicated in literature as enablers toward a more sustainable and resource-efficient industry through re-use and remanufacturing. In this regard, academicians and practitioners outlined several advantages (environmental and economic) but also many barriers hindering their implementation, such as market acceptance and economic sustainability. Thus, the diffusion of re-use and remanufacturing PSS is currently limited and mainly restricted to markets accepting also out-dated products (e.g. B2B or emerging countries). To cope with this limitation, product upgrade in re-manufacturing was recently introduced. Upgrade cycles allow embedding technological innovation into products while remanufacturing, thus reaching advanced performances and satisfying evolving customers’ preferences over time. If coupled with the offering of advanced services, remanufacturing with upgrade would open the way to new disruptive PSSs able to revolution customers’ consumption behaviour, as well as the manufacturing business model of companies. The new remanufacturing with upgrade business models will make remanufacturing one of the main pillars of companies’ business value generation, allowing improved management of technology cycles and of products obsolescence. Thus, overall economic and environmental benefits will be maximised. However, the implementation of such business models represents a challenge for manufacturers. The evolution from a pure manufacturing towards a manufacturing/remanufacturing company, together with the transition from a product to a service-based offering, entails considerable changes in all the business model variables. Drawing on the theory of business model innovation process, incremental or radical innovation paths can be hypothesised for this transition. Despite the focus of recent research on Product Service Systems and on Circular Economy, remanufacturing-with-upgrade business models are rarely cited in literature and there is limited empirical evidence of companies having embraced them. To set the research framework in alignment with previous theory, this paper proposes a structured definition and configuration of innovative remanufacturing-with-upgrade business models. By looking at existing examples of companies having undertaken this type of business model innovation, different typologies of remanufacturing and upgrade business models are proposed. Companies were classified according to the identified PSS typologies and conclusions are derived, together with future research perspectives.© 2018 CIRP. Keywords: Re-manufacturing | Upgrade | Sustainable Product Service Systems | Business model | Circular economy |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Entrepreneurship policy and systemic conditions: Evidence-based implications and recommendations for emerging countries
سیاست کارآفرینی و شرایط سیستمی: پیامدها و توصیه های مبتنی بر شواهد برای کشورهای در حال ظهور-2020 Entrepreneurship policies are now widely spread among the general policy agenda in most of the countries. In
particular, emerging countries started to focus on startups and young firms as potential engines of economic
growth and structural transformation. Therefore, several governments from these countries are devoting significant
efforts to develop their entrepreneurial ecosystems and promote the emergence of new dynamic firms.
However, data on entrepreneurship in these countries is scarce leaving policymakers without a clear evidencebased
platform for designing their policies and programs. This paper tries to contribute to this task in two
manners. First, it presents a systemic conceptual approach to guide the design of entrepreneurship policies that
explicitly includes the structural factors acting act as barriers in less developed contexts. Secondly, Based on the
information from the IDE (Index of Dynamic Entrepreneurship) this study advances into the characterization of
six different configurations of systemic conditions – three of which include emerging countries – analyzing their
main strengths and weaknesses. Hence, this article provides a new evidence-based platform to identify and
discuss the heterogeneity among ecosystems in emerging countries and suggests several policy recommendations
for those governments that want to implement new entrepreneurship policies. At the same time, they introduce
to the literature new concepts such as ‘systemic balance’ and ‘dual ecosystems’, which serve to characterize most
of the observed configurations of systemic conditions for entrepreneurship in less developed regions. All in all,
the results of this study would serve to guide policymakers to formulate their policies in a more contextualized
framework. Keywords: Emerging countries | Public policy | Entrepreneurship | Entrepreneurial ecosystems | Systemic approach |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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The drivers of Bitcoin trading volume in selected emerging countries
محرک های معاملات بیت کوین در کشورهای نوظهور منتخب-2019 tWhile most of the debates about cryptocurrencies are centered on the global Bitcoin market, in thisarticle, we focus on local Bitcoin trading volume in 21 emerging countries. In particular, we attempt todetermine the drivers of Bitcoin trading volume in these countries over the period August 1st, 2015 – June2nd, 2018. Based on VECM and ARDL models, we find evidence of significant relationship between thelocal Bitcoin trading volume in each country and the associated banking system access, especially in theshort-run. Moreover, altcoins (Ethereum, Ripple) prices are shown to affect positively and significantlythe local Bitcoin trading volume for most countries in the long-run (VECM results) and the short-run(ARDL results). Keywords:Bitcoin | Cryptocurrencies | Banking system access | Altcoins | VECM | ARDL |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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بررسی اجمالی کتابشناختی مجله بین المللی چند رسانه ای تعاملی و هوش مصنوعی
سال انتشار: 2018 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 8 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 23 مجله بین المللی چند رسانه ای تعاملی و هوش مصنوعی (IJIMAI) ده سال پیش اولین شماره خود را منتشر کرد. در حال حاضر، IJIMAI در پایگاه داده مهم فهرست استناد منابع در حال ظهور نمایه شده است. این مقاله، از طریق نقشه برداری علمی، آن دسته از مهم ترین جنبه های ساختار نشریات را که طی ده سال اول IJIMAI منتشر شده است، شناسایی می کند. با استفاده از نرم افزار VOSviewer، نقشه های ساختاری نشریات IJIMAI بر اساس تکنیک هایی مانند کتابشناختی استنادی، هم رخدادی و اشتراک در استناد کلمات کلیدی تجزیه و تحلیل می شود. علاوه بر این، تکامل نشریات، استنادها و تجزیه و تحلیل مقالات بیشتر ذکر شده این مجله ارائه شده است. نتایج نشان می دهد که IJIMAI طی 5 سال اخیر در نشریات و استنادات رشد چشمگیری داشته است. همچنین مشاهده می کنیم که IJIMAI نه تنها توجه جامعه علمی اسپانیا را جلب می کند، بلکه همچنین کشورهای در حال ظهور مانند هند و ایران و کشورهای در حال ظهور آمریکای لاتین مانند کلمبیا را جذب می کند. با توجه به چنین رفتارهای در حال رشدی، در سال های آینده انتظار می رود که IJIMAI در بین بهترین مجلات با دامنه علمی مشابه قرار گیرد.
کلید واژه ها: کتابشناختی | وب سایت علوم پایه | مشاهده گر VOS. |
مقاله ترجمه شده |
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Enhancing national innovative capacity: The impact of high-tech international trade and inward foreign direct investment
افزایش ظرفیت نوآوری ملی: تأثیر تجارت بین المللی با تکنولوژی بالا و سرمایه گذاری مستقیم خارجی در داخل-2017 Innovation productivity differs across economies and latecomer countries are working hard to close the
gap with developed countries. An investigation of 80 countries in the years of 1981–2010 shows that
international patenting activities vary across countries. We also find that both high-tech related
international export and inward foreign direct investment significantly contributes to emerging
countries’ ability to produce cutting-edge technologies, but this effect does not exist for leading innovator
countries. Moreover, although this study shows strong intellectual property rights (IPRs) protection is
highly correlated with international patenting activities in leading innovator countries, it has a negative
impact on emerging innovator countries’ national innovative capacity. The findings thus help better
understand the role of international economic activities and IPR in enhancing national innovative
capacity, and facilitate emerging countries’ effort to catch up with leading innovator countries.
Keywords: National innovative capacity | International trade | Foreign direct investment | Intellectual property | Patents |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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How global is international CSR research? Insights and recommendations from a systematic review
تحقیقاتی بین المللی CSR چگونه جهانی است؟ بینش و توصیه ها از یک بررسی سیستماتیک-2017 While studies on international corporate social responsibility (CSR) have expanded significantly, their true
global nature can be questioned. We systematically review 494 articles in 31 journals over a 31-year period. We
assess the embeddedness of CSR in international management/business (IB); analyze the coverage of developing,
emerging, and developed countries; map the literature thematically; summarize key findings; discuss main
empirical features; and identify unanswered questions, implications, and best practices. We find that interna
tional CSR research is far from being global and still emerging in ‘mainstream’ IB. This comprehensive review
also helps to set an agenda for future international CSR scholarship.
Keywords: Corporate social responsibility |Sustainability | Multinational | International business | Developing countries | Emerging countries |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Internationalization strategies of emerging market banks: Challenges and opportunities
استراتژی بین المللی سازی بانکهای بازار های نو ظهور: چالش ها و فرصت ها-2017 The greatly improved economic fundamentals of the major emerging
economies over the last decade have propelled several emerging banks into the ranks
of the world’s largest. Despite their importance in the global economy, the internationalization of emerging market banks remains an understudied phenomenon. This article examines factors that may influence the internationalization strategies of
emerging market banks in the private banking sector, both when going abroad (takeoff) and upon arrival in a host country (landing). The private banking sector is of significant interest given its importance in many leading financial centers around the
world while undergoing major transformation due to the worldwide financial crisis,
several recent scandals, and a fast-changing regulatory environment. We highlight
the internationalization strategies of two banks from emerging countries, China and
Brazil, and their experience in Switzerland’s traditional private banking sector. These
two cases highlight factors that may influence successful internationalization such as
prior industry experience, existing client base, entry strategy, ownership type, and
the liability of foreignness. Our findings offer valuable implications for managers
from other emerging economies by providing a better understanding of how emerging
market banks expand internationally.
KEYWORDS : Emerging market | banks | Internationalization | strategy | Swiss banking| Chinese banks| Brazilian banks| Private banking |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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ریسک سیستمیک ارز محلی
سال انتشار: 2017 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 30 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 30 دولت های نوظهور به طور فزاینده اوراق قرضه مشخص شده با ارز محلی منتشر می کنند و سرمایه گذاران خارجی در حال افزایش دارایی های خود از طریق این سهام هستند. دولت های نوظهور با انتشار بدهی مشخص شده به شکل ارز محلی، ریسک نرخ ارز را از بین می برند. سهام رو به رشد بدهی دولت با ارز محلی در اوراق بهادار مالی سرمایه گذاران خارجی باعث افزایش تنوع بخشی و مواجهه با اقتصادهای در حال رشد سریع می شود. در این مقاله، برخی از خطرات مرتبط با این روند اخیر را بررسی می کنیم. اولا، مقیاس ریسک CoV aR را برای ارزیابی میزان آسیب پذیری کشورهای مجزا در برابر ریسک سیستمیک بازار برای بدهی های ارز محلی دولت بکار می گیریم. ثانیا، نشان می دهیم که برآورد ما از سطح آسیب پذیری کشور با سهم بدهی ارزی محلی که در اختیار سرمایه گذاران خارجی است، افزایش می یابد. نسخه ای از ضرب المثل قدیمی "وقتی نیویورک عطسه می کند، لندن سرما می خورد"، که اغلب برای توصیف رابطه بین بازارهای سهام در این دو شهر استفاده می شد، هنوز هم بین کشورهای نوظهور فردی و بازار انبوه بدهی ارز محلی دولت بکار می رود. |
مقاله ترجمه شده |
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Green supply chain management practices: Multiple case studies in the Brazilian home appliance industry
شیوه های مدیریت زنجیره تامین: مطالعات موردی چند در صنعت لوازم خانگی برزیلی-2017 Leading manufacturers in developed countries generally implement green practices and have high levels
of environmental awareness. However, it is uncertain which practices are implemented and how they are
implemented in the home appliance sector of emerging countries such as Brazil. The purpose of this
study is to identify and analyze the practices of green supply chain management adopted by home
appliance manufacturers. To analyze green practices in this industry, 5 manufacturers and 2 professional
associations were used as case studies; this approach provided in-depth interviews about internal
environmental management, reverse logistics, green purchasing, eco-design, life cycle assessment, waste
management, and green manufacturing. Waste management was the most widely used technique among
the research participants, and green purchasing and life cycle assessment practices were less widespread.
Significant differences in the adoption of certain green supply chain management (GSCM) dimensions
were observed between companies with ISO 14001 certification and non-certified companies. Sugges
tions for further developing GSCM in the home appliance industry are also presented.
Keywords:Green supply chain management |Green practices | Home appliance | Electricaleelectronic industry |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Do trade and financial openness matter for financial development? Bank-level evidence from emerging market economies
آیا بازاریابی باز تجاری و مالی برای توسعه مالی اهمیت دارد؟ شواهد در سطح بانکی در اقتصادهای نوظهور بازار-2017 Openness theory of financial development argues that opening up a country to both international
trade and financial flows can promote financial development. In this study, I test the openness
theory at micro-level by examining the impact of recent rapid trade and financial openness of
emerging economies on their banks’ development. I use three sets of indicators of bank devel
opment to distinguish the cost, volume and risk of bank credit. Using a panel dataset of 287 key
banks from 37 emerging countries over the period 2000–2012, I find robust evidence that higher
trade openness promotes bank development by increasing the volume and decreasing the cost
and risk of bank credit. I identify that these results are driven, respectively, by the higher demand
for finance, the domestic financial sector liberalization reforms and the lending diversification
opportunities caused by the higher trade-openness. Contrary, I find that the role of financial
openness for bank development is limited because though the intense credit market competition
caused by the capital inflows in financially open countries urges the banks to cut the cost of
credit, however it also forces them to increase risk-taking despite the lower volume of credit
extended. In such a scenario, the costs associated with higher bank risk-taking might outweigh
the benefits associated with the lower cost of bank credit.
Keywords: Trade openness | Financial openness | Bank risk-taking | Bank net interest margins | Bank lending |
مقاله انگلیسی |