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نتیجه جستجو - Environmental protection

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 35
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 FANETs in Agriculture - A routing protocol survey
FANETs در کشاورزی - مرور پروتکل مسیریابی-2022
Breakthrough advances on communication technology, electronics and sensors have led to integrated commercialized products ready to be deployed in several domains. Agriculture is and has always been a domain that adopts state of the art technologies in time, in order to optimize productivity, cost, convenience, and environmental protection. The deployment of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in agriculture constitutes a recent example. A timely topic in UAV deployment is the transition from a single UAV system to a multi-UAV system. Collaboration and coordination of multiple UAVs can build a system that far exceeds the capabilities of a single UAV. However, one of the most important design problems multi- UAV systems face is choosing the right routing protocol which is prerequisite for the co- operation and collaboration among UAVs. In this study, an extensive review of Flying Ad- hoc network (FANET) routing protocols is performed, where their different strategies and routing techniques are thoroughly described. A classification of UAV deployment in agri- culture is conducted resulting in six (6) different applications: Crop Scouting, Crop Survey- ing and Mapping, Crop Insurance, Cultivation Planning and Management, Application of Chemicals,and Geofencing. Finally, a theoretical analysis is performed that suggests which routing protocol can serve better each agriculture application, depending on the mobility models and the agricultural-specific application requirements.
keywords: کشاورزی هوشمند | کشاورزی دقیق | وسایل نقلیه هوایی بدون سرنشین (UAV) | شبکه های ادوک پرنده (FANET) | پروتکل های مسیریابی | مدل های تحرک | smart farming | precision agriculture | unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) | flying adhoc networks (FANETs) | routing protocols | mobility models
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Purchasings contribution to supply chain emission reduction
سهم خرید در کاهش انتشار زنجیره تامین-2021
Does environmental purchasing and supplier management (EPSM) help to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the supply chain and, thereby, mitigate climate change? And, if so, under which conditions? Taking these two questions as a starting point, we hypothesize that heightened environmental protection efforts targeting the upstream value chain should lead to a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the buying companies’ supply chain. We continue to delineate three contingency factors that might affect the relationship between EPSM and supply chain GHG emissions: The power of the buying firm over supply chain partners, prior experience in EPSM, and materiality of environmental supply chain management in a certain industry. We collect longitudinal data from 260 companies and analyze them using hybrid panel data analysis. We find that the increase of EPSM leads to a significant reduction of the GHG emission intensity of buying firms’ supply chains and that this reduction is stronger for companies operating in industries where emission management is more material.
Keywords: Sustainable supply chain management | Environmental purchasing | Environmental performance | Emission reduction | Climate change mitigation | Hybrid modelling
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Developing sustainable supply chain management: The interplay of institutional pressures and sustainability capabilities
Developing sustainable supply chain management: The interplay of institutional pressures and sustainability capabilities-2021
With growing concern about social impacts and environmental protection, sustainable supply chain management has become a focus of interest for business practitioners and academics. This study examines the driving forces of sustainable supply chain management practices. Drowning on institutional theory and the resource-based view, this study empirically examines the driving effects of institutional pressures (in terms of governance pressure, customer pressure, and competitive pressure) and internal sustainability capabilities (in terms of top management leadership and technical capability) and their interactions on sustainable supply chain management practices. Based on empirical analysis of data from 172 Chinese firms, the findings reveal that institutional pressures and sustainability capabilities simultaneously and jointly motivate the implementation of sustainable supply chain management practices. Interestingly, the interactions of technical capabilities with governance pressures and customer pressures significantly and negatively influence sustainable supply chain management practice adoption, while the interactions of top management leadership with competitive pressures positively affect the pursuit of sustainable supply chain management practices.© 2021 Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Key words: Sustainable supply chain management | institutional pressures | sustainability capabilities | top management | technical capability
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Pricing and greening decisions of competitive forward and reverse supply chains under government financial intervention: Iranian motorcycle industry case study
تصمیمات قیمت گذاری و سبز سازی زنجیره های عرضه رقابتی به جلو و معکوس تحت مداخله مالی دولت: مطالعه موردی صنعت موتورسیکلت ایران-2021
The necessity for sustainable development and to support eco-friendly products have manifold the government responsibility in directing green activities. This paper theoretically studies the moderating role of government in pricing and greening decisions of chain-to-chain competition in developing substitutable green products under government involvement in supporting green product distribution and/or recycling through assigning monetary tariffs to customers and practically adjusts a real-world case study of the Iranian motorcycle industry issues. We examine two competitive supply chains (SCs) consisting of one retailer and one manufacturer under two-way logistics, i.e. forward SC that distributes green products and backward SC that collects pollutant products from the market. In addition to maximizing the profit of each SC member and minimizing government expenditure, reductions in environmental pollution are also examined. This study examines the impact of government policies in equilibrium strategies through six scenarios, based on different government elective policies, and using Nash or Stackelberg game structures. A computational analysis of the case study reveals that under more constrained budget situations, the government should resist the urge to reduce recycling tariffs, compared with distribution tariffs. The greatest reduction in environmental pollution is achievable through: government financial support only for recycling with the lowest investment rejection behavior, following a Nash game, reducing greening costs, increasing tendencies towards environmental protection, and increasing the rate of recyclable products. The greatest profit for firms is obtainable through: government financial support of distribution and recycling logistics with the lowest tendency towards environmental protection, following a Nash game, reducing greening costs, reducing the investment rejection behavior of the government, and increasing the rate of recyclable products.
Keywords: Green supply chain (GSC) | Forward/reverse supply chains | Chain-to-Chain competition | Pricing | Government financial intervention | Game theory
مقاله انگلیسی
5 How does new environmental law affect public environmental protection activities in China? Evidence from structural equation model analysis on legal cognition
چگونه قانون جدید محیط زیست بر فعالیتهای عمومی در زمینه حفاظت از محیط زیست در چین تأثیر می گذارد؟ شواهدی از تحلیل مدل معادلات ساختاری بر شناخت حقوقی-2020
To investigate the validity of Chinese law enforcement from the publics perspective, this research applies the theory of planned behavior, and introduces law as a moderator variable to explore the determinants of publics environmental behaviors. Results from an empirical study of China indicate that perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, inward attitude, and outward attitude all have positive impacts on environmental intentions and indirectly affect the citizens environmental behavior and activists environmental behavior. Meanwhile, legal cognition positively moderates the relationship between environmental intentions and behaviors. As the level of the publics legal awareness increases, the direct effect of these two types of environmental intentions on environmental behaviors respectively continues to increase. Based on the findings, some constructive implications are provided to the governments and legislators to strengthen public participation in environmental protection.
Keywords: Environmental law | Public environmental protection activities | Structural equation model (SEM) | Legal cognition | China
مقاله انگلیسی
6 How managerial ties affect hotels? proactive environmental practices in China: The contingent role of institutional environments
روابط مدیریتی چگونه بر هتل ها تأثیر می گذارد؟ شیوه های فعال زیست محیطی در چین: نقش مشروط از محیط های نهادی-2020
Despite the increasing attention of environmental management in the hotel industry, few studies have examined how managerial ties impact hotels’ adoption of proactive environmental practices (PEPs) in China. Drawing on institutional theory, this study develops a model that investigates the differential effects of political ties andbusiness ties on PEPs in the presence of important institutional factors. Using a primary survey and multiple secondary datasets on 190 Chinese hotels, we find that political ties inhibit a hotel’s adoption of PEPs whereas business ties facilitate PEPs. Moreover, advanced legal development and high levels of regional pollution reduce the impacts of both political ties and business ties on PEPs. We also test the relationship between PEPs and hotels’financial performance. These findings provide novel insights into how managerial ties shape a hotel’s strategicbehaviors for environmental protection under the influence of institutional environments in emerging economies.
Keywords: Political ties | Business ties | Proactive environmental practices | Legal development | Pollution | China
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Eco-labeling and sustainability: A case of textile industry in Pakistan
برچسب زدن به محیط زیست و پایداری: موردی از صنعت نساجی در پاکستان-2020
Industrial pollution is a big concern in many manufacturing sectors including textile sector. Recently, voluntary actions for environmental protection have gained their importance. Eco-labeling is one of the most important schemes of voluntary environmental actions and has been recognized as an effective measure to reduce industrial pollution. This paper analyzes the effect of eco-labels on the textile firms’ environmental and financial performance. Three stage least squares regression is applied using data from 128 firms listed in Pakistan Stock Exchange. Results reveal that eco-labels have a significant positive effect on textile firms’ environmental and financial performance. This indicates that eco-labels promote the sustainable growth of textile firms. Furthermore, financial performance, material cost, and age have a significant positive effect on the environmental performance of textile firms whereas machinery and size have a significant negative effect on the environmental performance. Likewise, debt-equity ratio and size of the firm have a significant positive effect on the financial performance of the textile firms wheras the environmental performance, machinery, and age of the firms have a significant negative effect on the financial performance
Keywords: Eco-labeling | Sustainability | Environment-friendly products | Pakistan textile firms | Simultaneous equations | Three stage least square method
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Activities related to human medicines in Romania: Legal environmental protection issues
فعالیت های مربوط به داروهای انسانی در رومانی: موارد قانونی حمایت از محیط زیست-2020
Current environmental research focuses extensively on pharmaceutical waste, demonstrating the contamination caused by active pharmaceutical ingredients. Regulations and programs to evaluate, prevent, and reduce environmental risks linked to human medicines are currently being developed in various countries. We assessed the Romanian legislation to identify the potential areas of development of environmental protection policies in the pharmaceutical field. Laws and regulations of interest were selected, and their relevant provisions were analysed using methods of legal interpretation, then corelated with their equivalent in more developed countries. Romanian legislation requires an evaluation of the environmental impact of human medicines, an assessment of non-clinical research and pharmaceutical manufacturing projects, appropriate management of pharmaceutical waste and its disposal on a contract basis, and the collection and disposal of expired or unused medicines by pharmacies. In practice, however, a coherent system for pharmaceutical waste management is lacking because of many legal loopholes in environmental protection. Romanian legislation does not include specific rules regarding sound environmental practice for clinical research laboratories, pharmaceutical manufacturers, and wholesale distributors. The pharmaceutical industry has no legal responsibility to manage and dispose expired or unused medicines collected from the population. Equitable sharing of environmental responsibility by the pharmaceutical industry actors along with the involvement of public authorities should be established via legislation and regulation that reflect the requirements mandated by other more advanced countries. Additionally, continuous training programs should be provided for practitioners to reinforce their role in the rational use of medicines and professional campaigns should be created to raise public awareness about preventing environmental contamination.
Keywords: Human medicines | Pharmaceutical waste | Environmental protection | Legislative measures
مقاله انگلیسی
9 Activities related to human medicines in Romania: Legal environmental protection issues
فعالیت های مربوط به داروهای انسانی در رومانی: موارد قانونی حمایت از محیط زیست-2020
Current environmental research focuses extensively on pharmaceutical waste, demonstrating the contamination caused by active pharmaceutical ingredients. Regulations and programs to evaluate, prevent, and reduce environmental risks linked to human medicines are currently being developed in various countries. We assessed the Romanian legislation to identify the potential areas of development of environmental protection policies in the pharmaceutical field. Laws and regulations of interest were selected, and their relevant provisions were analysed using methods of legal interpretation, then corelated with their equivalent in more developed countries. Romanian legislation requires an evaluation of the environmental impact of human medicines, an assessment of non-clinical research and pharmaceutical manufacturing projects, appropriate management of pharmaceutical waste and its disposal on a contract basis, and the collection and disposal of expired or unused medicines by pharmacies. In practice, however, a coherent system for pharmaceutical waste management is lacking because of many legal loopholes in environmental protection. Romanian legislation does not include specific rules regarding sound environmental practice for clinical research laboratories, pharmaceutical manufacturers, and wholesale distributors. The pharmaceutical industry has no legal responsibility to manage and dispose expired or unused medicines collected from the population. Equitable sharing of environmental responsibility by the pharmaceutical industry actors along with the involvement of public authorities should be established via legislation and regulation that reflect the requirements mandated by other more advanced countries. Additionally, continuous training programs should be provided for practitioners to reinforce their role in the rational use of medicines and professional campaigns should be created to raise public awareness about preventing environmental contamination.
Keywords: Human medicines | Pharmaceutical waste | Environmental protection | Legislative measures
مقاله انگلیسی
10 Research on the application of block chain big data platform in the construction of new smart city for low carbon emission and green environment
تحقیق در مورد کاربرد بستر داده های بزرگ بلاک چین در ساخت شهر هوشمند جدید برای انتشار کربن کم و محیط سبز-2020
The sharing of government information resources is significant for improving the level of governance and social information. However, due to the existence of cross-domain security and trust islands, government departments are hindering the sharing of government information resources with other organizations and the public. To this end, the blockchain technology is used to construct a decentralized distributed peer-to-peer trust service system, which is integrated with the existing PKI/CA security system to establish a new trust model that supports multi-CA coexistence. Based on this, the structural composition and functional data flow of the blockchain smart city information resource sharing and exchange model designed in this paper. This paper launched a study on the role of the smart big data platform, and selected the development of smart cities in Hefei as an empirical analysis. From the connotation of smart city, block chain and big data technology combined, and the positive effects of relevant information technology summarized on the construction of smart city big data platform. Based on this, the smart city development level evaluation model of TOPSIS method constructed. The evaluation model constructed to make a vertical comparison from 2012 to 2017, the scale of smart cities is growing at an average annual rate of more than 30%, saving 20% of urban resource allocation and becoming a new pillar industry. Therefore, Hefei City should further increase environmental supervision and promote the use of low-carbon environmental protection new energy. The improvement of government management level has a positive effect on the construction of smart Hefei
Keywords: Block chain | PKI/CA | New smart city | Government information
مقاله انگلیسی
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