با سلام خدمت کاربران در صورتی که با خطای سیستم پرداخت بانکی مواجه شدید از طریق کارت به کارت (6037997535328901 بانک ملی ناصر خنجری ) مقاله خود را دریافت کنید (تا مشکل رفع گردد).
ردیف | عنوان | نوع |
---|---|---|
1 |
Testing Scalable Bell Inequalities for Quantum Graph States on IBM Quantum Devices
آزمایش نابرابری های بل مقیاس پذیر برای حالت های نمودار کوانتومی در دستگاه های کوانتومی IBM-2022 Testing and verifying imperfect multi-qubit
quantum devices are important as such noisy quantum devices
are widely available today. Bell inequalities are known to be
useful for testing and verifying the quality of the quantum devices
from their nonlocal quantum states and local measurements.
There have been many experiments demonstrating the violations
of Bell inequalities, but they are limited in the number of qubits
and the types of quantum states. We report violations of Bell
inequalities on IBM Quantum devices based on the scalable
and robust inequalities maximally violated by graph states as
proposed by Baccari et al.. The violations are obtained from
the quantum states of path graphs up to 57 and 21 qubits
on a 65-qubit and two 27-qubit IBM Quantum devices,
respectively, and from those of star graphs up to 11 qubits
with quantum readout error mitigation (QREM). We are able
to show violations of the inequalities on various graph states
by constructing low-depth quantum circuits and by applying
the QREM technique. We also point out that quantum circuits
for star graph states of size N can be realized with circuits
of depth O(√N) on subdivided honeycomb lattices which
are the topology of the 65-qubit IBM Quantum device. Our
experiments show encouraging results on the ability of existing
quantum devices to prepare entangled quantum states and
provide experimental evidence on the benefit of scalable Bell
inequalities for testing them.
Index Terms—Quantum computing | IBM quantum | benchmarking | graph state | bell inequality. |
مقاله انگلیسی |
2 |
Income inequality and ethnic cleavages in Malaysia: Evidence from distributional national accounts (19842014)
نابرابری درآمد و شکاف های قومی در مالزی: شواهدی از حساب های توزیع ملی (19842014)-2021 In this paper, by combining information obtained from national accounts, household
surveys, and fiscal data, we document the evolution of income inequality in Malaysia, not
only at the national level (for the period of 1984–2014) but also by ethnic group (for the
period of 2002–2014). To our knowledge this is the first attempt to produce inequality
measurements of Malaysia, which are fully consistent with the national accounts. Our
research shows that despite Malaysia’s exceptional economic growth rate, its growth has
been inclusive. For the period of 2002–2014, the real income growth for the bottom 50 % is
the highest (5.2 %), followed by the middle 40 % (4.1 %), the top 10 % (2.7 %) and then the top
1 % (1.6 %). However, while average growth rates are positive across all ethnic groups
(Bumiputera 4.9 %, Indians 4.8 %, and Chinese 2.7 %), the highest growth of real income per
adult accrued to the Bumiputera in the top 1 % (at 8.3 %), which sharply contrasts the much
lower growth rate of the Indians (at 3.4 %) and negative income growth rates of the Chinese
(at 0.6 %). Despite the negative growth rate, the Chinese still account for the lion’s share in
the top 1 %. In 2014, 60 % of the adults in the top 1 % income group are Chinese, while 33 %
Bumiputera, and 6 % Indians. We conclude that in this period, Malaysia’s growth features an
inclusive redistribution between income classes, but with a twist between racial groups.
keywords: اقدامات مثبت | حساب های ملی توزیع | شکاف های قومی | نابرابری درآمد | مالزی | Affirmative actions | Distributional national accounts | Ethnic cleavages | Income inequality | Malaysia |
مقاله انگلیسی |
3 |
Carbon reduction decisions under progressive carbon tax regulations: A new dual-channel supply chain network equilibrium model
تصمیمات مربوط به کاهش کربن تحت مقررات مالیاتی پیش رونده کربن: مدل تعادل شبکه زنجیره تامین جدید دو کاناله-2021 Since the production process in manufacturing industry is one of the main sources of carbon emissions,
most governments have enacted relevant carbon policies to encourage manufacturers to invest in green
production technology and reduce carbon emissions. However, the effectiveness of the carbon policy deserves further investigation because the manufacturers focus more on economic profits in actual operations. For this purpose, this paper proposes a dual-channel supply chain network (DCSCN) equilibrium
model based on variational inequality theory to examine progressive carbon tax mechanism design of the
government and its impacts on the production/pricing and abatement level decisions of the manufacturers in the DCSCN. In addition, this paper also examines the influences of the online channel introduction
on supply chain network equilibrium decisions, carbon emissions and profits. We employ the modified
projection and contraction algorithm to obtain the numerical solutions for several examples, and analyze
the impacts of the key parameters on the equilibrium decisions and derive several managerial insights.
The results show that if the government sets the high-level carbon tax and the cut-off value in progressive carbon tax policy appropriately, it can induce the manufacturers to improve abatement level
actively; meanwhile the profit maximization goal of the manufacturer and the whole DCSCN can be consistent with the government’s low-carbon emission target. Moreover, the introduction of online channel
may depress the economic activities and lead to profit loss for the supply chain network but contributes
to reducing the carbon emissions under progressive carbon tax policy. The conclusions may be useful for
reference in the study of the low-carbon supply chain and the design of carbon emission reduction policy
for government. Keywords: Dual-channel supply chain network | Progressive carbon tax | Product abatement level | Variational inequality theory |
مقاله انگلیسی |
4 |
Circular economy for phosphorus supply chain and its impact on social sustainable development goals
اقتصاد مدور برای زنجیره تأمین فسفر و تأثیر آن بر اهداف توسعه پایدار اجتماعی-2021 To be able to grow crops, we have interfered with Earths reserves of one of top three essential elements, phosphorus (P), as to which we face a problem related to its high consumption compared to available resources. This
forces us to follow the alternative of closing the phosphorus loop from a circular economy perspective. However,
there is a lack of research on regional and global social sustainability in this area, as emphasized in the United
Nations Agenda 2030 goals for sustainable development. In this paper, we address social challenges involved
in global phosphorus supply chain, such as eradicating poverty, child labor and malnutrition; promoting gender
equality; providing decent work and economic growth; maintaining sustainable water use; and achieving food
security. Our research is driven by the question of whether the circular economy aims to direct phosphorus
management towards tackling social issues associated with its supply chain. We use system dynamics modelling
by combining the concept of material flow analysis and social life cycle assessment. Detailed analysis at regional
and global levels indicates a paradoxical social impact of phosphorus circular model. This reflects the multiple
stakeholders involved, and the regional interactions with phosphorus circular economy transitions.
Improvements can be demonstrated in reducing poverty and providing safer work environment in many regions,
e.g., Western Asia (93%), New Zealand, Central Asia, and Europe (44–61%), while achieving employment targets
is limited in Northern and Eastern Europe. Circular model fails to promote gender equality, it also exacerbates
exploitative child work problem for the Caribbean and most Africa. It provides sufficient nutrition to North
America, Australia/New Zealand, and Northern Europe. It achieves water use targets in several regions with
53% savings worldwide. Finally, circular model contributes to P efficiency (average balance of 1.21 kgP/ha) and
strengthens P security within most regions with an average of 64%. Keywords: Critical materials | Phosphorus | Social sustainability | Circular economy | Dynamic modelling |
مقاله انگلیسی |
5 |
Factors that account for the wealth inequality differences between post-socialist countries
عوامل موثر بر تفاوت های نابرابری ثروت بین کشورهای پس از سوسیالیستی-2021 In general, there are significant cross-country differences in wealth inequality. Recent research has documented
that household socio-economic characteristics do not explain these differences across advanced economies. Thus,
this study is the first to examine the determinants of such disparities in wealth inequality between five postsocialist emerging markets of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Based on the findings, the differences in
homeownership rates accounted for up to 42% of the cross-country disparities in wealth inequality (when
measured with the Gini index) and for as much as 63%–109% of wealth inequalities in the bottom part of the
distribution. However, our results are not sensitive to the significant underestimation of top wealth values
observed in household survey data. We argue that the differences in homeownership rates among the CEE
countries are related, among others, to varying government support for mortgage loans before the global financial
crisis (2003–2007) and the degree of government help for indebted households after the crisis.
keywords: نابرابری ثروت | تجزیه | مرکزی و شرقی اروپا (CEE) | مالکیت خانه | گمشده غنی | Wealth inequality | Decomposition | Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) | Homeownership | Missing rich |
مقاله انگلیسی |
6 |
Mothering in accounting: Feminism, motherhood, and making partnership in accountancy in Germany and the UK
مادران در حسابداری: فمینیسم، مادران، و مشارکت در حسابداری در آلمان و انگلستان-2021 Women remain significantly underrepresented at partnership level in accounting firms. The past three
decades witnessed a steady increase in investment and research in gender equality in the profession, but
there is a scholarly reluctance to focus specifically on motherhood despite the fact that four in five
women will have children in their lifetime and experience inequality and discrimination as a result of
their status as mothers. This article shares original empirical data of interviews with 60 female partners
in Germany and the UK, focusing specifically on their experiences of motherhood and mothering.
Theoretically, this article is framed by O’Reilly’s (2016a) matricentric feminism and Gatrell, Cooper and
Kossek’s (2017) Douglasian thesis of the maternal body as a social pollutant at work. In Germany, the
accounts frequently juxtaposed the maternal body with professionalism, with mothers expected to work
part-time, but part-time working patterns deemed irreconcilable with partnership. Becoming a mother
was often experienced as representing a burden to others at work. In the UK, the respondents were
concerned with accessing maternity leave and returning to work, with some finding it challenging to
make claims on the basis of their status as mothers. Half of the mothers were married to ‘househusbands’, often working like normative fathers, with some noting a lack of ‘choice’ in the matter despite
their status and financial independence. In both countries, the unencumbered norm was mostly left
unchallenged and the task of managing and hiding one’s care responsibilities left for individual women
to work out in private, with the primary beneficiary of this concealment being the firm and its clients.
The article demonstrates that we must make space for the study of mothering in accountancy if we want
to be serious about tackling gender inequality within the profession.
keywords:جنسیت | مادری | فمینیسم ماتریکس | مشارکت | نئولیبرالیسم | آلمان | Gender | Motherhood | Matricentric feminism | Partnership | Neoliberalism | Germany |
مقاله انگلیسی |
7 |
Coordinating a closed loop supply chain with fairness concern by a constant wholesale price contract
هماهنگی یک زنجیره تامین حلقه بسته با رعایت انصاف توسط یک قرارداد ثابت قیمت عمده فروشی-2021 The literature on closed loop supply chains (CLSCs) has ignored advantageous inequality aversion while
modelling the fairness concern of channel partners and demonstrated that coordinating a decentralised
channel requires complex price contracts. In this paper, we show that a constant wholesale price contract
can coordinate a decentralised channel in a manufacturer-led CLSC if the retailer’s advantageous inequality aversion is sufficiently strong. The result is valid for a range of equitable shares of the channel profit,
such that the allocated share of the manufacturer is larger than that of the retailer, and the retailer’s
share is greater than a minimum threshold. Used product collection rate and channel profit are higher
when the retailer is inequality averse compared to when she is a profit maximiser. The results are independent of whether the end-of-use products are collected by the manufacturer or the retailer. We also
show that the collection rate is higher, and both channel partners are better-off, under the manufacturer
collection model. To obtain these results, we solve multistage sequential move games under the two collection models. We apply Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions for constrained optimisation, to determine the
boundaries for the existence of the subgame perfect Nash equilibrium. Keywords: Pricing | Channel coordination | Fairness | Inequality aversion | Wholesale price contract |
مقاله انگلیسی |
8 |
The effects of Chile’s 2005 traffic law reform and in-country socioeconomic differences on road traffic deaths among children aged 0-14 years: A 12-year interrupted time series analysis
اثرات اصلاح قانون راهنمایی و رانندگی در سال 2005 شیلی و اختلافات اقتصادی و اجتماعی درون کشور در مورد مرگ و میر در جاده های کودکان در سن 0-14 سال: تجزیه و تحلیل قطع 12 ساله سری های زمانی -2020 Objectives: This study assessed the effect of Chile’s 2005 traffic law reform (TLR) on the rates of road traffic
deaths (RTD) in children aged 0–14 years, adjusting for socioeconomic differences among the regions of the
country.
Methods: Free-access sources of official and national information provided the data for every year of the study
period (2002–2013) and for each of the country’s 13 upper administrative divisions with respect to RTD in child
pedestrians and RTD in child passengers (dependent variables), and the following control variables: the number
of road traffic tickets processed, investment in road infrastructure, poverty, income inequality, insufficient
education, unemployment, population aged 0–14 years, and prevalence of alcohol consumption in the general
population. Interrupted time series analyses (level and slope change impact model), using generalized estimating
equation methods, were conducted to assess the impact of the TLR (independent variable) on the dependents
variables.
Results: There was a significant interaction between time and Chile’s 2005 TLR for a reduction in child pedestrians
(incidence rate ratio [IRR] 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.79-0.96) and passengers RTD (IRR for
interaction 0.80, 95% CI 0.67-0.96) trends. In addition, in child pedestrians, RTD rates were affected by poverty
(IRR 1.04, 95% CI 1.02–1.05), income inequality (IRR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00–1.04), and unemployment (IRR 0.94,
95% CI 0.90-0.98), whereas in the case of child passengers, poverty (IRR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01–1.08) and income
inequality (IRR 0.93, 95% CI 0.91-0.95) were significant.
Conclusions: Large-scale legislative actions can be effective road safety measures if they are aimed at promoting
behavioral change in developing countries, improving the safety of children on the road. Additionally, regional
socioeconomic differences are associated with higher RTD rates in this population, making this an argument in
favor of road safety policies that consider these inequalities. The number of road traffic tickets processed and the
investment in road infrastructure were not significant. Keywords: Safety management | Child | Traffic accidents | Mortality | Socioeconomic factors |
مقاله انگلیسی |
9 |
Efficient sizing and optimization of multirotor drones based on scaling laws and similarity models
اندازه گیری موثر و بهینه سازی هواپیماهای بدون سرنشین چند موتور بر اساس قوانین مقیاس بندی و مدل های شباهت-2020 In contrast to the current overall aircraft design techniques, the design of multirotor vehicles generally
consists of skill-based selection procedures or is based on pure empirical approaches. The application of
a systemic approach provides better design performance and the possibility to rapidly assess the effect of
changes in the requirements. This paper proposes a generic and efficient sizing methodology for electric
multirotor vehicles which allows to optimize a configuration for different missions and requirements.
Starting from a set of algebraic equations based on scaling laws and similarity models, the optimization
problem representing the sizing can be formulated in many manners. The proposed methodology shows a
significant reduction in the number of function evaluations in the optimization process due to a thorough
suppression of inequality constraints when compared to initial problem formulation. The results are
validated by comparison to characteristics of existing multirotors. In addition, performance predictions
of these configurations are performed for different flight scenarios and payloads. Keywords: Multirotor drones | UAV | Design methodology | Sizing | Monotonicity analysis | Multidisciplinary Design Optimization |
مقاله انگلیسی |
10 |
Do laws shape attitudes? Evidence from same-sex relationship recognition policies in Europe
آیا قوانین نگرش را شکل می دهند؟ شواهدی از سیاستهای تشخیص روابط همجنس در اروپا-2020 Understanding whether laws shape or simply reflect citizens’ attitudes is important but empirically difficult. We provide new evidence on this question by studying the relation between legal same-sex relationship recognition policies (SSRRPs) and attitudes toward sexual minorities in Europe. Using data from the European Social Surveys covering 2002–2016 and exploiting variation in the timing of SSRRPs across countries, we show that legal relationship recognition is associated with statistically significant improvements in atti- tudes toward sexual minorities. These effects are widespread across demographic groups but are consistently larger for more conservative groups in countries with less gender equality. Our results suggest that laws can exert a powerful influence in shaping societal attitudes. Keywords: Public opinion | Same-sex relationship recognition policies | LGB attitudes |
مقاله انگلیسی |