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نتیجه جستجو - Experimental study

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 74
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Effect of a theory-driven educational intervention on the level of knowledge, attitudes, and assessment practices regarding breakthrough cancer pain (BTCP) management among medical nurses in Hong Kong
تأثیر مداخله آموزشی مبتنی بر تئوری بر سطح دانش، نگرش ها و شیوه های ارزیابی در مورد مدیریت سرطان پیشرفته (BTCP) در پرستاران پزشکی در هنگ کنگ-2021
Purpose: To examine the effect of an educational intervention intended to improve medical nurses’ adherence to breakthrough cancer pain (BTCP) assessment practices and their level of knowledge, attitudes and perceived assessment practices regarding BTCP management. Methods: Nurses working in a regional hospital were recruited to this quasi-experimental study. The intervention group received a 3-h educational workshop and one session of individual clinical instruction, whilst the control group did not receive any intervention. Chart audits were performed to examine adherence to BTCP assessment practices as the primary outcome. A self-developed questionnaire was used to measure nurses’ knowledge, at- titudes and perceived assessment practices regarding BTCP management as the secondary outcomes. The chi- square or Fisher’s exact test was used to compare the rate of adherence to BTCP assessment practices between groups. A generalised estimating equation was used to compare changes in knowledge, attitudes, and perceived assessment practices between groups over time. Results: One hundred and five nurses completed the study. The chart audits revealed a significantly higher rate of adherence to BTCP assessment practices in the intervention group after the intervention (p < .05). The inter- vention group exhibited significant positive changes in scores for knowledge (β = 25.49, p < .001), attitude (β = 0.98 to 2.81, p < .01), and their perceived assessment practices (β = 1.33 to 3.14, p < .002) when compared with the control group. Conclusions: This theory-driven educational intervention significantly improved the medical nurses’ adherence to BTCP assessment practices and their level of knowledge attitudes and perceived assessment practices regarding BTCP management.
keywords: درد سرطان دستیابی به موفقیت | تحصیلات | پرستاران | دانش | نگرش های | ارزیابی | شیوه ها | Breakthrough cancer pain | Education | Nurses | Knowledge | Attitudes | Assessment | Practices
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Three-month follow-up effects of a medication management program on nurses’ knowledge
اثرات پیگیری سه ماهه یک برنامه مدیریت دارو در دانش پرستاران-2021
This quasi-experimental study examined the effects of a medication management program on nurses knowledge of medication management, three months after program completion. Fifty-seven nurses took a multiple-choice test both immediately after the program and three months later. Changes in test performance were assessed using McNemar’s test and generalized estimating equations for binary outcomes. Test results were generally consistent from immediately post-program to three months later, though four items differed significantly. From immediately post-program to three months later, fewer nurses correctly answered the items: documenting no medication administration (98.2 vs 86.6, p = 0.04); documenting opioid administration (56.1 vs 33.3, p = 0.01); and observation after opioid administration (35.1 vs 19.3, p = 0.08. Significantly more nurses correctly answered the item concerning the pharmacology of medication administered with food (64.9 vs 77.2, p = 0.09). We recom- mend both continuous medication management training and focusing on the correspondence between theory- based knowledge and clinical practice routines.
keywords: پرستار بیمارستان | برنامه آموزشی | مدیریت دارو | دانش | Hospital nurse | Education program | Medication management | Knowledge
مقاله انگلیسی
3 The Impact of Low Fidelity Simulation on Nurse Competence in Active Management of Third Stage of Labor: An Intervention Study in Primary Health Care Settings in Tanzania
تأثیر شبیه سازی وفاداری کم در شایستگی پرستاران در مدیریت فعال مرحله سوم کار: یک مطالعه مداخله در تنظیمات مراقبت های بهداشتی اولیه در تانزانیا-2021
Background: Simulation-based training on obstetric management has demonstrated promising results. However, its impact has not been well documented particularly in low and middle income countries. Therefore, this study aimed to test the effectiveness of a low fidelity simulation-based training intervention in improving knowledge and skills of nurses on Active management of third stage of labor (AMTSL).
Methods: A quasi experimental study including 172 randomly selected nurses using low fidelity simulation-based training was conducted. Baseline, immediate and retention assessments were done.
Findings: Overall knowledge and skills on AMTSL were significantly improved after simulation training, skills retained even after six months.
Conclusions: A low fidelity simulation intervention showed positive change in knowledge and skills immediately after intervention and skills were highly retained even after six months of training.
keywords: Active Management of Third Stage of Labor | Knowledge | Skills | Dodoma | Tanzania
مقاله انگلیسی
4 A novel three-dimensional implicit numerical model of a borehole field heat exchanger that accounts for seasonal fluctuations of the soil temperature
یک مدل عددی ضمنی سه بعدی جدید از یک مبدل حرارتی میدان گمانه که نوسانات فصلی دمای خاک را محاسبه می‌کند:-2021
This study proposes a new three-dimensional implicit numerical model to simulate a borehole field heat exchanger that accounts for seasonal fluctuations of the soil temperature. The model uses an alternating- direction implicit finite difference approach to perform the simulation. The effect of seasonal changes in the soil temperature is considered using an internal heat source term in the governing equations. The model is validated against several published in-situ tests as well as a laboratory experimental study and the results ob- tained from a TRNSYS version of the duct storage (DST) model, demonstrating an average error of less than 3%. The validated model is then applied to analyse the impact of accounting for seasonal soil temperature fluc- tuations at various borehole lengths and climate zones. This analysis compares the results obtained from a model that uses constant temperature boundary conditions against those from a model that contains the internal heat source term and uses adiabatic boundary conditions. A significant discrepancy between the outputs of the two models has been observed for shallow borehole heat exchangers (H < 60 m) and at locations with a high annual amplitude of the surface temperature variations (ΔTa > 5◦C). Thus, the assumption of constant temperature at the ground surface is only appropriate for deep boreholes (H > 60 m) or at locations with a relatively low annual amplitude of the surface temperature variations (ΔTa < 5◦C).
keywords: مبدل های حرارتی کم عمق | شبیه سازی میدان گمانه | اصطلاح منبع حرارت داخلی | Shallow borehole heat exchangers | Borehole field simulation | Internal heat source term
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Improving learning in the management of gender violence: Educational impact of a training program with reflective analysis of dramatized video problems in postgraduate nurses
بهبود یادگیری در مدیریت خشونت جنسیتی:تأثیر آموزشی یک برنامه آموزشی با تجزیه و تحلیل بازتابنده مشکلات ویدئویی دراماتیک در پرستاران کارشناسی ارشد-2021
Background: Most gender-based violence victims who sought help in Spain did so through health services. Training on gender-based violence with active learning methodologies promotes the management of knowledge, reflection, and adaptation to change. Nurses, along with an educator, can construct knowledge with the same strategies they will use professionally. Purpose: To evaluate the knowledge, skills, and attitudes associated of postgraduate nurses on gender-based violence before and after a reflection-based training program with dramatized problem-videos. The secondary objectives were to evaluate the knowledge in the activation of protocols, skills, and attitudes in the management of women who are victims of gender-based violence, the consolidation of learning, and the applicability to the workplace. Methods: Pre-post quasi-experimental study without a control group. A specifically validated and designed in- strument was utilized to evaluate the dimensions of knowledge, skills, and attitudes when facing gender-based violence, before and after the training sessions, along with additional questions to assess if the participants possessed better tools to address gender-based violence. Results: The difference between the pre and post-tests was statistically significant for the dimensions knowledge, skills, and attitude (p < 0.05), with a smaller effect size in the dimensions skills and attitude. Also, high scores were observed in the consolidation of learning and applicability to the workplace. Conclusion: Reflection-based training with dramatized problem-videos improved the acquisition of tools neces- sary for the detection and management of gender-based violence of nurses.
keywords: پرستاری آموزش و پرورش | خشونت بر اساس جنسیت | یادگیری فعال | یادگیری آنلاین | ارزیابی کمی | Education nursing | Gender-based violence | Active learning | Online learning | Quantitative evaluation
مقاله انگلیسی
6 A:L:L: Y:O:U: N:E:E:D: I:S: L:O:V:E: Manual on health self-management and patient-reported outcomes among low-income young adult Mexicans on chronic dialysis: Feasibility study
همه:شما:نیاز داشتن:است:عشق:دستیابی به سلامت خود مدیریت و نتایج گزارش شده بیمار در میان افراد کم درآمد جوانان مکزیکی های مزمن در دیالیز مزمن: مطالعه امکان سنجی-2021
Purpose: We evaluated disease knowledge/self-management skills among low-income Mexican young adults maintained on dialysis and to test the effectiveness of the A.L.L. Y.O.U. N.E.E.D. I.S. L.O.V.E (AYNIL) Manual – Spanish Version on patient-reported outcomes. This is a low literacy teaching tool designed with patients and educators input. Design and methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in 17 chronic dialysis patients at Mexico Citys Hospital General de México, Dr. Eduardo Liceaga. Ages 18–30-year-old completed disease knowledge/selfmanagement and quality of life measures before the intervention and 6 weeks later.
Results: Significant increases were observed on disease knowledge/self-management scores in the STARx questionnaire from 47 (IQ: 40,51) to 50 (IQ: 48,54) p = 0.04. The UNC-TRxANSITION Index increased significantly from 4.8 (IQ: 3.9,5.7) to 7.7 (IQ: 7.5,8.2) p ≤0.001. Significant increases in scores were detected in the “Burden of kidney disease” (p = 0.008), “Effects of kidney disease” “ (p = 0.03) and “ Dialysis staff encouragement” (p = 0.027) based on the KDQoL survey.
Conclusions: In this vulnerable population, the Spanish version of the A.L.L. Y.O.U. N.E.E.D. I.S. L.O.V.E. - AYNIL Manual improved CKD/ESRD disease knowledge/self-management skills and HRQoL. This study highlighted the need for low-literacy educational tools to improve patient-reported outcomes. Practice implications: Young adults with CKD/ESRD can benefit from patient-centered educational interventions to enhance their autonomy and the development of self-management behaviors that improve patientreported outcomes and potential complications of the disease. Special attention is needed in low-income patients with low rates of adherence to treatments and poor self-management skills.
keywords: اقدامات گزارش شده بیمار گزارش شده است | خود مدیریت | ابزارهای کم سواد آموزی | آموزش بیمار | کیفیت زندگی | خود مراقبتی | Patient-reported outcome measures | Self-management | Low-literacy tools | Patient education | Quality of life | Self-care
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Electrical discharges in ferrofluids based on mineral oil and novel gas-to-liquid oil
تخلیه الکتریکی در فروسیال های مبتنی بر روغن معدنی و نفت جدید گاز به مایع-2021
Ferrofluids consisting of stabilized iron oxide nanoparticles and insulating oils have emerged as a promising substitute for liquid dielectrics in electrical engineering applications. Recent enhancements of electrical insulating liquids rely on preparation of ferrofluids on emerging insulating oils available on the market. The present work reports on a comparative experimental study of insulating properties of a conventional mineral oil (MO)- based ferrofluid and a ferrofluid based on novel insulating oil produced by a gas-to-liquid (GTL) technology. The ferrofluids prepared on the two oils are subjected to rigorous experimental investigation of dielectric breakdown and partial discharges. The experiments are conducted on 4 MO-and 4 GTL-based ferrofluids with equal concentrations of magnetite nanoparticles. Measurements of partial discharges according to IEC 60270 are complemented with high frame–rate photography with positive streamer analysis. Based on the statistical analysis, it is found that MO-based ferrofluids exhibit superior breakdown performance to GTL-based ferrofluids, even though the pure GTL oil exhibits slightly higher mean breakdown voltage than the pure MO. A deeper analysis revealed a significantly greater number of partial discharges in GTL ferrofluids. The positive streamer size is lowered with increasing nanoparticle concentration only in MO-based nanofluids. Differences in the physical properties of the two oils, such as density, viscosity and permittivity, are considered in the interpretation of the different dielectric performance of the two ferrofluids. The experimental comparison leads to better understanding of the breakdown mechanism, and lay the foundations for proper selection of physical properties of a base oil for high performance insulating ferrofluids.
Keywords: Magnetic nanoparticles | Ferrofluids | Non-polar liquid | Dielectric breakdown | Partial discharge | Insulating material
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Dog-bite-related attacks: A new forensic approach
حملات مربوط به گاز سگ: یک روش پزشکی قانونی جدید-2020
Dog attacks today represent a health hazard considering that prevention strategies have not always been successful. The identification of the dog that attacked the victim is necessary, considering the civil or criminal consequences for the animal’s owner. An accurate scene analysis must be performed collecting a series of important information. Forensic investigations in dog attacks involve different methods, such as the evaluating of the canine Short Tandem Repeat (STR) typing in saliva traces on wounds or bite mark analysis, however, these techniques cannot always be applied. The effort to find new methods to identify the dog that attacked the victim represents a very interesting field for the forensic community. This study aims to propose an innovative approach, based on the identification of the victims profile in the dogs mouth, using a buccal swab on the suspected aggressor dog, to find the victim’s genetic profile. In addition, a further goal of this study is to determine the persistence time of hexogen DNA in the dog’s mouth to define a timeframe for performing this particular technique. For this purpose, ten different dogs were used to aggressively bite a bovine sample (reference sample) to simulate the victim. For each dog two buccal swabs were taken at different time intervals: 300 , 450 , 600 , 900 , 1200 , 1500 , 1800 and 2400 . The typing of the swabs provided an interpretable profile after 450 while traces of bovine profile were found until 1500 after the dog attack simulation. These results could be improved using the human identification kit, which is more sensitive. In the light of this experimental study, the forensic community should consider using this approach in real casework studies with the aim of collecting new data, validating this technique for forensic use.
Keywords: Forensic science | Forensic pathology | Dog attacks | Cattle genotyping | Dog identification | Short tandem repeat | TGLA53 | TGLA122
مقاله انگلیسی
9 Similarity query support in big data management systems
پشتیبانی پرس و جوی شباهت ها در سیستم های مدیریت داده های بزرگ-2020
Similarity query processing is becoming increasingly important in many applications such as data cleaning, record linkage, Web search, and document analytics. In this paper we study how to provide end-to-end similarity query support natively in a parallel database system. We discuss how to express a similarity predicate in its query language, how to build indexes, how to answer similarity queries (selections and joins) efficiently in the runtime engine, possibly using indexes, and how to optimize similarity queries. One particular challenge is how to incorporate existing similarity join algorithms, which often require a series of steps to achieve a high efficiency, including collecting token frequencies, finding matching record id pairs, and reassembling result records based on id pairs. We present a novel approach that uses existing runtime operators to implement such complex join algorithms without reinventing the wheel; doing so positions the system to automatically benefit from future improvements to those operators. The approach includes a technique to transform a similarity join plan into an efficient operator-based physical plan during query optimization by using a template expressed largely in the system’s user-level query language; this technique greatly simplifies the specification of such a transformation rule. We use Apache AsterixDB, a parallel Big Data management system, to illustrate and validate our techniques. We conduct an experimental study using several large, real datasets on a parallel computing cluster to assess the similarity query support. We also include experiments involving three other parallel systems and report the efficacy and performance results.
Keywords: Similarity query | Parallel database | Optimization
مقاله انگلیسی
10 Experimental and feasibility study of spent coffee grounds upscaling via pyrolysis towards proposing an eco-social innovation circular economy solution
مطالعه تجربی و امکان سنجی قهوه مصرفی که از طریق تجزیه در اثر تجزیه در اثر تجزیه در اثر تجزیه در اثر تجزیه در اثر تجزیه در اثر تجزیه در اثر استفاده از تجزیه در اثر تجزیه و تحلیل مواد شیمیایی ، به منظور ارائه یک راه حل اقتصاد دایره ای نوآوری اقتصادی - اجتماعی-2020
There is a need for eco-social business models in the food waste sector that are more cascading and circular- based, while having economic, environmental and social benefits. The aim of this study is to bring insights and data of spent coffee grounds large-scale slow pyrolysis, to seize new opportunities for eco-innovative solutions in the circular economy, by identifying upcycling opportunities for resource recovery of this waste. First, an experimental study was conducted, and a set of pyrolysis experiments were carried out at a temperature range from 450 to 750 °C, with a heating rate of 50°/s, under helium atmosphere, to explore the products yields and the best process conditions. Second, an economic study was conducted for a standalone pyrolysis plant fueled with the spent coffee grounds streams from coffee shops of a city with 150,000 inhabitants, in central Greece, aiming at the cost and the profitability of the endeavor estimation. The calculations were based on the features of a slow pyrolysis rotary kiln technology designed at Aristotle University, and co-developed with an Irish company, under the funding of an EU LIFE+ project. For an estimated capacity of 2566 t/yr of SCG, the revenue of the endeavor was calculated at 47€/t of SCG. The economic indicators ROI and POT (ROI = 0.24, POT = 2.6), are very Abbreviations: CE, circular economy; FL, food loss; FW, food waste; HHV, higher heating value; LHV, lower heating value; POT, payout time; ROI, return on investment; SCG, spent coffee ground; GC, gas chromatograph.⁎ Corresponding author. E-mail address: azampani@auth.gr (A. Zabaniotou).https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137316 0048-9697/© 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. positive, suggesting pyrolysis of SCG as an efficient circular economy management solution, providing an eco- social innovation business in the coffee shop industry, engaging also consumers in the circular economy.‌© 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Circular economy | Food wastes | Spent coffee grounds (SCG) | Pyrolysis: Economic study | Eco-social innovation
مقاله انگلیسی
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