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1 |
Cross-country variation in patience, persistent current account imbalances and the external wealth of nations
تنوع متقابل کشور در صبر، عدم تعادل حساب جاری مداوم و ثروت خارجی ملت ها-2021 This paper is the first to utilize large-scale international surveys on economic preferences
to examine the long-run relationships between patience, current accounts and external
wealth. We find robust empirical evidence that countries with more patient individuals
tend to run persistent current account surpluses, which in turn result in the accumulation
of foreign assets. This theoretically plausible but empirically unexplored relationship holds
true for euro area current account imbalances, global current account imbalances and net
foreign asset positions worldwide. While the existing current account literature concentrates on proximate macroeconomic determinants, this paper’s extension of inferences
from deep determinants (i.e., time preferences) to the distribution of external wealth of
nations (i.e., net foreign asset positions) makes a unique contribution to the literature.
Our finding showing that deep heterogeneities contribute to external imbalances suggests
that the pattern of current account imbalances as well as the distribution of external
wealth of nations might be very persistent.
keywords: ثروت خارجی | حساب جاری | عدم تعادل خارجی | صبر | ترجیحات اقتصادی | External wealth | Current account | External imbalances | Patience | Economic preferences |
مقاله انگلیسی |
2 |
The US current account, sustainability, and the international monetary system
حساب جاری ایالات متحده، پایداری و سیستم پولی بین المللی-2021 In this paper, we examine the sources of the US current account imbalances and discuss the role of
the international monetary system in enabling the US in carrying such external deficits. There is
evidence that the stochastic properties of the US current account are not compatible with the
intertemporal national budget constraint. We argue that this is likely to be related to the dominant role of the U.S. dollar as an international reserve asset, which allows the US to meet international demand for safe assets and allows borrowing at very low interest rates. Results from a
structural VAR model indicate that temporary shocks dominate the current account in the short
run, whereas domestic permanent supply shocks and preference shocks contribute significantly to
US current account movements in the long run. To the extent that temporary shocks stem from
aggregate demand, stabilizing aggregate demand is important in achieving long-term sustainability in the current account. Finally, the paper discusses the role of the international financial
system and the international role of the U.S. dollar in contributing to US external imbalances.
keywords: تنظیم بین المللی | سیستم پولی بین المللی | ذخیره ارز | تعادل تجارت ایالات متحده | International adjustment | International monetary system | Reserve currency | US trade balance |
مقاله انگلیسی |