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نتیجه جستجو - Food system

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 12
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Resilient regional food supply chains and rethinking the way forward: Key takeaways from the COVID-19 pandemic
زنجیره های تأمین مواد غذایی منطقه ای انعطاف پذیر و بازنگری در مسیر پیش رو: اقداماتی اساسی از بیماری همه گیر COVID-19-2021
Context: The U.S. food supply system relies heavily on vertically-integrated food supply chains (FSCs), which leverage large-scale production, streamlined operations, and centralized planning and control to provide consumers with a consistent supply of food. However, these FSCs were seriously disrupted upon the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2020. During the height of the crisis, they were slow to respond to production system failures and sudden and widespread changes in consumer demand. By contrast, many regionalized food supply chains (RFSCs) proved to be adaptive and responsive to changes in demand and delivery requirements, quickly pivoting to distribute products directly to consumers safely.
Objective: The objective of this research is to explore how RFSCs can improve the resilience of the U.S. food supply system in the face of large-scale disruptions like the COVID-19 crisis. In particular, this research seeks to gain a greater understanding of how RFSCs can leverage logistics best practices for efficient and reliable distribution to consumers in normal times and during disasters.
Methods: This study presents seven case studies of RFSCs in Texas and Iowa that adopted logistics best practices to enable them to provide their customers with convenient and safe purchasing mechanisms during the COVID- 19 emergency. A description of how the strategies adopted by each participant promote the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development goals is provided.
Results and conclusions: The successes experienced by these farmers and distributors at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic were a consequence of their willingness to adopt new distribution and logistics strategies. Collaboration among RFSC actors was a particularly effective strategy, as well as the adoption of scale- appropriate information and communication technologies, which helped to facilitate collaboration. Further, these case studies demonstrate how improved logistics performance allowed RFSCs to contribute to the health and well-being of their communities in a time of need.
Significance: These case studies demonstrate the potential of RFSCs to support a resilient and socially-sustainable food system that communities can rely on, even in the face of a major disruption like COVID-19. The adoption of logistics best practices helped these RFSCs to develop new organizational strengths that will likely support sustainable development in their communities after the crisis ends.
Keywords: UN Sustainable Development Goals | Regional food supply chains | Resilience | COVID-19 | Logistics best practices | Case studies
مقاله انگلیسی
2 COVID-19 impacts on Flemish food supply chains and lessons for agri-food system resilience
تأثیرات COVID-19 بر روی زنجیره های تأمین مواد غذایی فلاندی و درس هایی برای انعطاف پذیری سیستم کشاورزی-غذایی-2021
Context: Resilience represents the ability of systems to anticipate, withstand, or adapt to challenges. Times of great stress and disturbance offer opportunity to identify and confirm key contributors to agri-food system resilience. The COVID-19 pandemic and its related consequences constituted major shock, challenging the resilience of many agri-food systems worldwide.
Objective: This paper aimed to report the immediate effects of the COVID-19 crisis on various key actors from Flemish food supply chains. By analysing and assessing the observed impacts of and reactions to this crisis from a resilience perspective, it also aimed to gain empirical evidence on resilience-enhancing characteristics of agri-food systems to sudden shocks.
Methods: A first, quantitative step of our mixed method approach measured 718 farmers’ experienced impacts and applied strategies following the crisis through an online survey. A second, qualitative step captured impacts and responses from other key actors downstream the food supply chain through 22 in-depth interviews and 18 on-line questionnaires. Data gathering and interpretation followed a conceptual framework for analysing resilience of agri-food systems to external challenges, that we developed based on the literature. The framework states that resilience actions stem from three types of resilience capacities: anticipatory, coping and responsive capacities. These are determined by both resources allocated by system actors, as well as by resilience attributes from the system.
Results and conclusions: The COVID-19 crisis induced a simultaneous dropped demand for food products in the hospitality industry and risen demand in retail. This shifted demand significantly disturbed food production, processing and marketing processes in terms of labour organization, planning, operation, logistics, and economic returns. Perceived impacts varied extensively across actors from the agri-food system, mostly depending on their marketing strategy, customer base, and flexibility and diversity of their practices. Reported reactions to this crisis revealed that resilience capacities varied according to actors’ abilities to negotiate prices, adjust production processes, and maintain or reorient sales. Some agri-food sectors showed higher responsive capacity because of a higher connectivity and self-organization within the system.
Significance: Our findings suggest that flexibility and diversity, despite their tendency to diminish price optimums, increase resilience capacities, which may be more beneficial to systems for thriving in turbulent and uncertain environments. A more tangible, operationalized understanding of resilience is necessary to effectively improve agri-food system resilience. Our conceptual framework proved a valuable tool for operationalizing resilience assessments to major shocks.
Keywords: COVID-19 | Farmers | Resilience | Shocks | Agri-food system | Food supply chain
مقاله انگلیسی
3 How data-driven, privately ordered sustainability governance shapes US food supply chains: The case of field to market
چگونه حاکمیت پایداری مبتنی بر داده و با نظم خصوصی ، زنجیره های تأمین مواد غذایی ایالات متحده را شکل می دهد: نمونه موردی برای بازار-2021
Multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSIs) establish metrics and collect farm-level data to measure sustainability in the food system. Rooted in the private sector, MSIs advance goals that were once the responsibility of the state. To make sense of this trend, we distinguish three ideal types of accountability systems in the United States agrifood system: community-based, state-led, and private-ordering systems. We explore the implications of data-driven private-ordering for the distribution of power and accountability along a food supply chain by analyzing Field to Market, a prominent US-based MSI. A central feature of Field to Market are metrics that commodity producers can use to assess their performance and which provide data for food manufacturers and retailers to support sustainability claims. Compared to state-led environmental sustainability efforts from the 1940s until the 1980s, which depended on farmers voluntarily adhering to regulations, metrics rely upon the generation and circulation of data that create a nascent, privately ordered bureaucracy. This change in governance has purported and undeclared consequences for food supply chains. Field to Market’s metrics promise continuous improvements IN agricultural sustainability and accountability in the food system, but they also help food manufacturers and retailers coordinate their supply chains, facilitate the commodification of farm management data, and reframe the meaning of sustainability.
Keywords: Sustainable agriculture | Precision agriculture | Metrics | Governance | Multi-stakeholder initiatives | Accountability | Bureaucracy
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Circular food supply chains – Impact on value addition and safety
زنجیره های تأمین مواد غذایی دایره ای - تأثیر بر ارزش افزوده و ایمنی-2021
Background: The “linear” manufacturing processes generate waste materials and products that after their use end up in landfills and incinerators. Circular supply chains implement one of the basic concepts of the bioeconomic, i. e., collecting waste streams in order to recycle them into new products, thus achieving a more sustainable production system. Scope and approach: This paper is focused on the application of a circular supply chain concept within the food system, with the aims to: a) outline the advantages of this approach in terms of value addition; b) discuss the impact of the increased complexity of circular supply chains on food safety; and c) propose management solutions. To link theoretical principles with empirical data, winemaking was chosen as a case study because of the high volumes of valuable byproducts produced globally. Key findings and conclusions: Circular food supply chains can potentially generate added-value foods. However, new loops in the food supply chains could also bring about new risks. The main challenges are likelihood of food contamination and loss of identification due to batch dispersion. Hence, a holistic approach of research is needed to integrate the value addition strategy with risk analysis and to apply forecasting and optimization studies to the whole supply chain. At the operational level, Internet of Things could represent a powerful management tool. Moreover, the management system within a circular supply chain should be conceived and implemented beyond the company level, involving all the trading partners in order to ensure high transparency, interconnectivity and thus efficacy.
Keywords: Circular supply chain | Value addition | Food safety | Risk analysis | Traceability
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Harnessing AI to Transform Agriculture and Inform Agricultural Research
استفاده از هوش مصنوعی برای تبدیل کشاورزی و اطلاع از تحقیقات کشاورزی-2020
We provide an overview of the Special Issue on current advances, challenges, and opportunities for AI technologies in agriculture. We illustrate the potential of AI using four major components of the food system: production, distribution, consumption, and uncertainty. We recognize that the transformation of agriculture will require new tools to more precisely manage fields to increase production while minimizing the environmental risk to water and air quality. Combining AI with other technologies will be needed to provide effective production management strategies for a given combination of soil, climate, pest complexes, and vegetation. New methods will be needed to determine production limitations, and effective management options. The agricultural enterprise is prime for the use of AI and other technologies if they can be adapted for the unique characteristics of agroecosystems, including variability and directional changes in climate and other global change drivers as well as novel management and policy decisions, and economic market volatility.
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Innovation & entrepreneurship driving food system transformation
انتقال سیستم غذایی نواوری و کارافرینی محور -2020
The current industrialized food system that is the predominant model of production in the United States and increasingly in other regions of the world has been recognized as a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, public health crises, environmental and soil health degradation, animal welfare abuses, labor crises and more. This article describes the evolution and design of food systems over time and the current assessment that a new system is required that focuses on planetary health and the health and well-being of humans and animals. The article describes the growth in entrepreneurship in the food system today and concludes that innovation is in need of increased support in order to advance a new operating system for how we grow, produce and distribute food.
Keywords: Innovation | Food system | Entrepreneurship | Entrepreneurs | Food, Agriculture | Health | Climate | Regenerative agriculture | Circular economy
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Nutrition-Focused Food Banking in the United States: A Qualitative Study of Healthy Food Distribution Initiatives
بانکداری مواد غذایی با محوریت تغذیه در ایالات متحده: یک مطالعه کیفی از ابتکارات توزیع مواد غذایی سالم-2019
Background Nutrition-focused food banking is broadly defined as organizational and programmatic efforts to address nutrition-related health disparities among charitable food clients. Additional information is needed to systematically describe how US food banks, as key influencers of the charitable food system, are working to advance nutrition-focused food banking initiatives in their communities. Objective Our aim was to describe food bank leadershipeidentified organizational strategies, “best practices,” and innovative programs for advancing nutrition-focused food banking in the United States. Design We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews to elicit information about the nutrition-focused food banking practices and processes being employed by US food banks. Participants/setting Participants comprised a purposive sample of food bank executives (n¼30) representing a diverse selection of food banks across the United States. Interviews were conducted between April 2015 and January 2017 at national food bank conferences. Analysis Two researchers independently reviewed transcripts to identify themes using code-based qualitative content analysis. Results Executive leader descriptions of specific strategies to support nutrition-focused food banking centered primarily around the following four major themes: building a healthier food inventory at the food bank; enhancing partner agency healthy food access, storage, and distribution capacity; nutrition education outreach; and expanding community partnerships and intervention settings for healthy food distribution, including health care and schools. Conclusions Study findings indicate that food banks are implementing a variety of multilevel approaches to improve healthy food access among users of the charitable food system. Further evaluation is needed to assess the reach, scalability, and sustainability of these various approaches, and their effectiveness in reducing determinants of nutrition-related health disparities.
Key Words: Food bank | Food insecurity | Fruits and vegetables | Community nutrition | Qualitative research
مقاله انگلیسی
8 A blockchain use case in food distribution: Do you know where your food has been?
مورد استفاده بلاکچین در توزیع مواد غذایی: آیا می دانید غذای شما کجا بوده است؟-2019
This paper aims to explain the implementation of blockchain technology in the production and supply chain delivery system for eggs from farm to consumer by a company based in the Midwestern USA. One of the primary research questions answered is how blockchain can be utilized and applied to more accurately and transparently move goods through global supply chains. This company is at the forefront of developing such systems for use in industry, and a use case for egg distribution is detailed. The goal is to track products from farm to fork using blockchain and internet of things (IoT) enabled technologies. By creating traceable and transparent supply chains for food, consumers can attain the information they need to make informed choices about the food they buy and the companies they support. For stakeholders in the food supply chain, having traceability and transparency builds better relationships with their customers, increases efficiency, and reduces the risk and cost of food recalls, fraud, and product loss. The blockchain technology and this business are creating a case for fixing and transforming the world’s food system.
Keywords: Blockchain | Supply Chain Management | Technology & Innovation | Food Distribution
مقاله انگلیسی
9 Accounting, performance measurement and fairness in UK fresh produce supply networks
حسابداری، سنجش عملکرد و انصاف در شبکه های تامین محصول تازه انگلیس-2018
Food systems in Europe, North America and Australasia are dominated by a small number of supermarkets supplying over 70% of the food consumers buy, and the model is being translated into other markets such as the Middle East and Asia. Relationships between suppliers and supermarkets are contentious in all such systems. Here, interviews were carried out with representatives of three major grower-packers supplying between them around 50% of the UKs fresh produce. We were interested in three questions, namely: how performance measurement, risk management and communication of accounting information are used by intermediaries in an allegedly unfair commercial environment; the extent to which the accounting and control practices observed support perceptions that suppliers in supermarket-dominated supply networks are treated unfairly; and what accounting and control practices would be indicative of fair commercial relationships? Researchers in the cross-disciplinary literature use John Rawls theories of ‘justice as fairness’ in this context. Recent developments in business ethics and philosophy apply his theories to questions of relational power and fairness in commercial relationships. We follow these writers to understand where, if at all, the perceived unfairness of these food systems lies. Our empirical work and analysis can make an initial contribution from the discipline to this debate, because it has the potential to show how accounting and control practices are at the centre of the fragilities of the wider system, and of possible remedies.
keywords: Supermarkets| Supply networks| Performance measurement| Relational justice
مقاله انگلیسی
10 The Governance Features of Social Enterprise and Social Network Activities of Collective Food Buying Groups
ویژگی های حاکمیت شرکت های اجتماعی و شبکه های اجتماعی فعالیت گروه های خرید مواد غذایی گروهی-2017
Collective food buying groups, such as community supported agriculture or self-organised citizen groups for de livery of food baskets, have emerged throughout the world as an important niche innovation for promoting more sustainable agri-food systems. These initiatives seek to bring about societal change. They do so, however, not through protest or interest-based lobbying, but by organising a protected space for learning and experimentation with lifestyle changes for sustainable food consumption and production practices. In particular, they aim to pro mote social learning on a broad set of sustainability values, beyond a focus on “fresh and healthy food” only, which characterizes many of the individual consumer oriented local food chain initiatives. This paper analyses the governance features of such local food buying groups by comparing 104 groups in five cities in Belgium. We find that the social networking activities of these groups, as compared to the social enterprise activities, have led to establish specific governance mechanisms. Whereas the main focus of the social enterprise activities is the organisation of the food provisioning logistics, the focus of the social network activities is the sharing of re sources with other sustainable food initiatives, dissemination of information and broader discussion on sustain ability issues.
Keywords: Local food networks | Community supported agriculture | Social enterprises | Social networks | Sustainability transitions
مقاله انگلیسی
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