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نتیجه جستجو - Gender

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 286
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 A conceptual IoT-based early-warning architecture for remote monitoring of COVID-19 patients in wards and at home
یک معماری مفهومی هشدار اولیه مبتنی بر اینترنت اشیا برای نظارت از راه دور بیماران COVID-19 در بخش ها و در خانه-2022
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, health services around the globe are struggling. An effective system for monitoring patients can improve healthcare delivery by avoiding in-person contacts, enabling early-detection of severe cases, and remotely assessing patients’ status. Internet of Things (IoT) technologies have been used for monitoring patients’ health with wireless wearable sensors in different scenarios and medical conditions, such as noncommunicable and infectious diseases. Combining IoT-related technologies with early-warning scores (EWS) commonly utilized in infirmaries has the potential to enhance health services delivery significantly. Specifically, the NEWS-2 has been showing remarkable results in detecting the health deterioration of COVID-19 patients. Although the literature presents several approaches for remote monitoring, none of these studies proposes a customized, complete, and integrated architecture that uses an effective early-detection mechanism for COVID-19 and that is flexible enough to be used in hospital wards and at home. Therefore, this article’s objective is to present a comprehensive IoT-based conceptual architecture that addresses the key requirements of scalability, interoperability, network dynamics, context discovery, reliability, and privacy in the context of remote health monitoring of COVID-19 patients in hospitals and at home. Since remote monitoring of patients at home (essential during a pandemic) can engender trust issues regarding secure and ethical data collection, a consent management module was incorporated into our architecture to provide transparency and ensure data privacy. Further, the article details mechanisms for supporting a configurable and adaptable scoring system embedded in wearable devices to increase usefulness and flexibility for health care professions working with EWS.
keywords: نظارت از راه دور | کووید-۱۹ | اخبار-2 | معماری | رضایت | اینترنت اشیا | Remote monitoring | COVID-19 | NEWS-2 | Architecture | Consent | IoT
مقاله انگلیسی
2 The politics behind scientific knowledge: Sustainable forest management in Latin America
سیاست پشت دانش علمی: مدیریت جنگل پایدار در آمریکای لاتین-2021
Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) seeks to achieve an equilibrium in the economic, social and environ- mental value of all types of forests. This practice contrasts with the conventional view of managing forests, in which the focus is productivity. Thus, discussions about conventional forest management versus sustainable forest management play a central role in the political and scientific agendas. However, knowledge production and its direction can be biased by different contextual factors such as the way funding is assigned by each country, institutional priorities, and constraints on international cooperation. With this paper, we aim to analyze the contribution of scientific knowledge produced in Latin America within the sustainable forest management research landscape by applying a literature review method (Scopus database for 2015–2018 period). Our results show a similar contribution of national and foreign funds and institutions supporting scientific knowledge about SFM in Latin America. Foreign funding comes mainly from United States of America, and Europe. Latin American authors lead high proportion of scientific articles, and authorship gender was more equitable between male and female researchers. The studies were mostly focused on conservation combined with productivity goals, as well as pure conservation goals, although social studies and restoration goals were also present. Our findings highlight a significant contribution to the paradigm shift in half of the scientific articles. Some studies provided recom- mendations (specific or general) derived from their results, but we did not detected a clear relationship with funding origin. Moreover, we found that the high contribution to the paradigm shift (studies supporting SFM instead of traditional management) came from institutions based in Latin America. This article aims to contribute to discussions related to scientific funding in Latin America, the North-South scientific relations, and the future of forest in times of climate change.
keywords: سیاست های جنگلداری | همکاری بین المللی | بررسی ادبیات | منابع طبیعی | تحقیق و توسعه | بودجه پژوهشی | Forestry policies | International cooperation | Literature review | Natural resources | Research and development | Research funding
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Critical reflections of accounting and social impact (Part I)
بازتاب انتقادی حسابداری و تأثیر اجتماعی-2021
This special issue on Accounting and Social Impact consists of two parts that will be hosted in separate issues of the journal. Here in part I we introduce the concepts and themes of social impact, before analyzing how the exposure of researchers to impact assessment regimes introduces pressures on researchers to seek specific kinds of impact. We go on to discuss the various contributions included in this issue that cover themes of accountability, sustainability, control and gender in a diverse range of organizational forms that sit in the spheres of the public, private and third sectors. The second part, in a later issue, will examine how accountability, power and control issues create impacts in non-governmental and other not-for-profit organizations.
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Pain Prevalence, Pain Management, and the Need for Pain Education in Healthcare Undergraduates
شیوع درد، مدیریت درد و نیاز به آموزش درد در دانشجویان مراقبت های بهداشتی-2021
Background: Pain is a common health problem in undergraduate students. Pain prevalence, pain management strategies and knowledge among healthcare groups has not been revealed yet.
Aim: This study explored pain prevalence, intensity, pain management strategies, knowledge, and education in undergraduate students specializing in healthcare science. The findings will highlight the necessity for increasing pain management education in the university setting. Design: A questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study was conducted.
Settings/ Participants: Data was collected from 1,490 university students in Tokyo between December 2015 and April 2016. A c square test was performed to examine differences in pain status and management strategies according to gender. We compared medical knowledge scores among disciplines using one-way analysis of variance.
Results: In total, 511 (79.2%) students had experienced bodily pain during the preceding 6 months. Pain prevalence differed by gender. More nursing students had used both pharmacological and nonpharmacological methods for pain management than had students from other disciplines (p ¼ .011). Pain medication knowledge of students in other disciplines was low to moderate, with greater knowledge observed in medical students (p < .05).
Conclusions: Education regarding pain management should be developed that considers differences among disciplines. Additionally, poor pain management knowledge could affect the quality of care students provide to patients after graduation. Enhancing pain management knowledge by providing suitable pain management education in universities may contribute to better pain management for students, and this may translate to their work in clinical settings.
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Correction of left ventricular doppler echocardiographic measurements for physiological variances using a novel optimized multivariable allometric model in healthy chinese han adults
اصلاح اندازه گیری های اکوکاردیوگرافی داپلر بطن چپ برای واریانس های فیزیولوژیکی با استفاده از یک مدل آلوومتری چند متغیره بهینه سازی شده در افراد سالم هان چینی-2021
Most left ventricular (LV) Doppler measurements vary significantly with age and gender, making it necessary to correct them for physiological variances. We aimed to verify the hypothesis that different Doppler measurements correlate nonlinearly with different biometric variables raised to different scaling factors and exponents. In this work, a total of 23 LV Doppler parameters were measured in 1224 healthy Chinese adults. An optimized multivariable allometric model (OMAM) and scaling equations were developed in 70% of the subjects (group A), and the reliability of the model and equations was verified using the remaining 30% of the subjects (group B) as well as 183 overweight subjects (group C). The single-variable isometric model (SVIM) with body surface area (BSA) as a scaling variable was used for comparison. Before correction, all 23 LV Doppler parameters correlated significantly with one or more of the biometric variables. In group B, gender differences were found in 47.8% (11/23) of the parameters and were eliminated in 81.8% (9/11) of the parameters after correction with OMAM. The successful correction rate with OMAM was 100% (23/23) in group B and 82.6% (19/23) in group C. New reference values for corrected Doppler measurements independent of biometric variables were established. The SVIM with BSA successfully corrected none of the 23 parameters. In conclusion, different LV Doppler parameters allometrically correlated with one or more of the biometric variables. The novel OMAM developed in this study successfully corrected the effects of the physiological variances of most biometric variables on Doppler measurements in healthy and overweight subjects, and was found to be far superior to the SVIM. However, whether the OMAM equations can be applied to other ethnicities, obese subjects, and pathological conditions requires further investigation.
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Soft biometric based keystroke classification using PSO optimized neural network
طبقه بندی نرم افزاری بیومتریک با استفاده از شبکه عصبی بهینه شده PSO-2021
In this work, variable length login-id and password belonging to the user were analyzed for bringing forth a more secure verification system. Soft biometrics such as age group and gender are estimated from key- stroke dynamics patterns when he/she types a given password or login id on a keyboard. Experiments were carried on GREYC a web-based keystroke dataset by exploiting the features from DWT of keystroke dynamics and provides classification results using PSO optimized neural network. Experiments done using PSO-NN resulted in 94% accuracy which clearly out performs the BPNN and GA-NN classifiers.© 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Emerging Trends in Materials Science, Technology and Engineering.
Keywords: Soft biometric | Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) | Genetic Algorithm optimized neural network (GA-NN) | Back propagation neural network (BPNN) | Particle Swarm Optimized neural network(PSO-NN)
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Knowledge in pre-hospital emergency and risk management among outdoor adventure practitioners in East Africa afro-alpine mountains
دانش در اورژانس قبل از بیمارستان و مدیریت ریسک در میان تمرینکنندگان ماجراجویی در فضای باز در کوه های آفریقای شرقی آفریقا-2021
Introduction: The enjoyment of nature and other benefits of outdoor activities happen amid inherent hazards. This calls for knowledge and competency in emergency and risk management. Practitioners in outdoor activities, such as mountaineering, thus need to be knowledgeable on how to manage risks and attend to emergencies in their practice. The study sought to establish the preparedness of East African mountaineering practitioners in pre- hospital emergency and risk management. It sought to establish their knowledge on prehospital emergency and risk management, based on their age, gender, level of education and refresher training. Methods: The study purposively sampled one hundred and thirty six (N = 136) outdoor adventure practitioners from the Afro-alpine mountain areas in East Africa. It was hypothesized that there would be no significant relationship between the outdoor practitioners’ knowledge in prehospital emergency risk management and their age, gender, level of education, refresher training. Somers’ d was used to test the hypotheses. Results: It was established that the knowledge scores of prehospital emergency and risk management for the mountaineering practitioners was low. It was also established that the knowledge scores of outdoor practitioners were not dependent on their age, gender, and work experience. However, there was a significant relationship between the outdoor adventure practitioners’ knowledge scores and their highest level of education as well as refresher training. Conclusions: The study concluded that there were gaps in the knowledge of prehospital risk management of the East African Afro-alpine mountaineering practitioners. It recommends frequent and regular training and re- certification among outdoor adventure practitioners in order to raise the knowledge in prehospital emergency risk management. African relevance • Identifying prehospital emergency care knowledge by African out- • Prehospital emergency care is not emphasized in the outdoor • With inaccessible health care in African outdoors, there is need for door practitioners can guide planning for training. adventure practice in many African settings. knowledge in prehospital emergency risk management.
keywords: دانش | پیش بیمارستان | اضطراری | کوهنوردی | ماجرا | در فضای باز | Knowledge | Prehospital | Emergency | Mountaineering | Adventure | Outdoor
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Roles of gender, study major, and origins in accounting learning: A case in Thailand
نقش جنسیت، مطالعه اصلی و ریشه های یادگیری حسابداری: مورد در تایلند-2021
Management students are required to pass several quantitative subjects, such as Accounting, Business Finance, and Mathematics, during their study at the undergraduate level. There are limited studies conducted in Thailand that explored students’ learning achievement in accounting courses. This paper explored the learning achievement of undergraduate management students in the introductory accounting course at a public university in Thailand. It examined whether the achievement differs across the students’ gender, study major, and origins. Data from 906 man- agement students were taken as samples. This study relied on the independent samples t-test and one-way ANOVA to analyze the data. The results suggested that the performance of undergrad- uate management students in the accounting course differs significantly across genders, majors, and origins of the students.
keywords: عملکرد یادگیری | دانش آموزان مدیریت | آموزش حسابداری | جنسیت | مطالعه اصلی | ریشه | Learning performance | Management students | Accounting education | Gender | Study major | Origins
مقاله انگلیسی
9 Financial management skills of nurse managers in the Eastern Region of Ghana
مهارت های مدیریت مالی مدیران پرستاری در منطقه شرقی غنا-2021
Background: Ghana’s healthcare sectors are faced with several financial challenges due to increased funding cuts and delayed reimbursement from the National Health Insurance Authority (NHIA). This has necessitated nurse manager to build financial management skills to enable them to lead in the provision of effective and efficient care while reducing cost. This demands adequate knowledge and skills in financial management. The study examined the financial management skills of nurse managers at the unit level. Methods: A quantitative approach using a cross-sectional design was employed using the census approach to collect data from 121 nurse managers in ten hospitals in the Eastern Region of Ghana. Data analyses were performed using descriptive and linear regression analyses. Findings: Nurse managers showed a moderate level of knowledge and skills in financial management. Age, gender, qualification, experience as a nurse manager, and training in management jointly predicted nurse managerss’ financial management (R2 = 0.12, p = 0.029). However, only training in management significantly contributed to the financial skills of nurse managers. Conclusion: Nurse managers play a significant role in the financial management of hospitals but have inadequate knowledge, skills, and competence in financial management. Recommendations include well-structured training and education on financial management using a multidisciplinary approach to enable nurse managers to gain the required knowledge and skills. Continuous experiential learning and mentorship programs should be developed for nurses before the assumption of management positions.
keywords: مدیر پرستار | مهارت های مدیریت مالی | غنا | Nurse manager | Financial management skills | Ghana
مقاله انگلیسی
10 The role of gender, education and family in the welfare organization: Disaggregating National Transfer Accounts
نقش جنسیت، تحصیلات و خانواده در سازمان بهزیستی: تفکیک حساب‌های انتقال ملی-2021
In this paper, we extend the National Transfer Accounts (NTA) methodology to obtain the age profiles simul- taneously disaggregated by gender, education level and family structure. We present the results for four countries (Austria, Spain, Finland and the UK), analysing the roles of these three dimensions in the both inter and intragenerational distribution of resources. We find interesting differences across countries, some of them related to the degree and age direction of the familiarization of different welfare state regimes. Finland excels as the country with the highest level of public transfers, and in particular for the elderly and for parents of working ages. In Austria, public transfers are also generous for children and the elderly, and there are substantial family benefits. In the UK and Spain, public transfers are much lower and family-related allowances are almost insig- nificant. Consequently, in Spain, private transfers from parents to children are the highest, while in the UK asset reallocations play a significant role in financing elderly consumption. Overall, our analysis provides interesting insights on how gender, redistribution policies and family structure interact with the welfare organization.
keywords: تحصیلات | تغییر جمعیت شناختی | حساب های ملی انتقال | این است: | E01 | J11 | p51 | یدکی | Education | Demographic change | National transfer accounts
مقاله انگلیسی
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