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نتیجه جستجو - Gender

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 286
ردیف عنوان نوع
61 “I’ll buy what she’s #wearing”: The roles of envy toward and parasocial interaction with influencers in Instagram celebrity-based brand endorsement and social commerce
"من آنچه را که او می ترسد بخرم" می خرم: نقشهای حسادت به سمت و تعامل برون زا با تأثیر گذاران در تأیید برند تجاری و معروف اجتماعی اینستاگرام-2020
Companies increasingly leverage Instagram as a channel for brand management, consumer services, and social commerce. This study addresses the dynamics of interaction among brand-related user-generated contents (UGC) posted on Instagram, social media-based brand communication with Instagram celebrities (parasocial interaction [PSI] and envy), and consumers’ characteristics (social comparison tendency, compulsive buying tendency, and materialistic envy). Three between-subjects experiments (Experiment 1: N ¼ 121; Experiment 2: N ¼ 106; Experiment 3: N ¼ 377) were conducted to test the effects of Instagram influencers and their branded-UGC on consumer behavior outcomes. Experiment 1 employed a 3 (branded content type [Instagram influencer’s photo type]: selfies vs. photos taken by others vs. group photos) x 2 (gender: female vs. male) factorial design. Experiment 2 employed a 2 (content generator type: Instagram celebrity vs. mainstream celebrity) x 2 (gender: female vs. male) factorial design. Experiment 3 deployed a 2 (branded content type: photos listing products vs. photos showing models) x 2 (content generator type: commercial brand [corporate] vs. Instagram celebrity [human]) factorial design. Experiment 1 indicates Instagram influencers’ photo types and gender moderate the effects of envy toward and PSI with them on consumers’ intention to buy the products Instagram influencers are wearing. Experiment 2 shows content generator types and gender moderate the effects of envy and PSI on source trustworthiness perception. Experiment 3 demonstrates branded content types and content generator types moderate the effects of consumers’ physical appearance social comparison tendency, compulsive buying tendency, and materialistic envy on brand trust. This study makes theoretical contributions to the literature on retailing and consumer services as well as provides managerial implications for Instafamous-based influencer marketing and social commerce in Web 2.0 environments.
Keywords: Instagram celebrities | Social commerce | Branded-user-generated content (UGC) | Influencer marketing | Parasocial interaction | Envy | Social comparison | Materialism | Compulsive buying
مقاله انگلیسی
62 From social netizens to data citizens: Variations of GDPR awareness in 28 European countries
از کاربران اجتماعی تا شهروندان داده: تغییرات آگاهی GDPR در 28 کشور اروپایی-2020
We study variability in General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) awareness in relation to dig- ital experience in the 28 European countries of EU27-UK, through secondary analysis of the Eurobarometer 91.2 survey conducted in March 2019 (N = 27,524). Education, occupation, and age are the strongest sociodemographic predictors of GDPR awareness, with little influence of gender, subjective economic well-being, or locality size. Digital experience is significantly and positively correlated with GDPR awareness in a linear model, but this relationship proves to be more complex when we examine it through a typological analysis. Using an exploratory k-means cluster analysis we identify four clusters of digital citizenship, across both dimensions of digital experience and GDPR awareness: the off-line citizens (22%), the social netizens (32%), the web citizens (17%), and the data citizens (29%). The off-line citizens rank lowest in internet use and GDPR awareness; the web citizens rank at about average values, while the data citizens rank highest in both digital experience and GDPR knowl- edge and use. The fourth identified cluster, the social netizens, have a discordant profile, with remarkably high social network use, below average online shopping experiences, and low GDPR awareness. Digitalization in human capital and general internet use is a strong country-level correlate of the national frequency of the data citizen type. Our results con- firm previous studies of the low privacy awareness and skills associated with intense social media consumption, but we find that young generations are evenly divided between the rather carefree social netizens and the strongly invested data citizens. In order to achieve the full potential of the GDPR in changing surveillance practices while fostering consumer trust and responsible use of Big Data, policymakers should more effectively engage the dig-∗ Corresponding author. E-mail addresses: razvan.rughinis@cs.pub.ro (R. Rughiniș), cosima.rughinis@sas.unibuc.ro (C. Rughiniș), simona.vulpe@drd.unibuc.ro (S.N. Vulpe), daniel.rosner@cs.pub.ro (D. Rosner).https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2021.1055850267-3649/© 2021 A. Noida. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. itally connected social netizens in the public debate over data use and protection. Moreover, they should enable all types of digital citizens to exercise their GDPR rights and to support the creation of value from data, while defending the right to protection of personal data.© 2021 A. Noida. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: GDPR awareness | Data citizenship | Digital citizenship | Protection of personal data | privacy
مقاله انگلیسی
63 Assessing the Brazilian federal fisheries law and policy in light of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-scale fisheries
ارزیابی قانون و سیاست شیلات فدرال برزیل با توجه به رهنمودهای داوطلبانه برای تأمین شیلات پایدار در مقیاس کوچک-2020
The Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-scale Fisheries (SSF Guidelines) endorsed in June 2014 by the member States of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) was a landmark for the recognition, promotion and protection of the subsistence and artisanal small-scale fisheries (SSF) sector in the world. This instrument is part of contemporary International Fisheries Law, integrating management and development of fisheries with a range of other relevant matters such as human rights, gender and climate change, following a human rights-based approach (HRBA) and taking into account the ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF). In this context and with a view to contribute to the realization of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this article provides an analysis of the SSF Guidelines and informs on how its’ implementation can be supported by the Brazilian Federal Law No. 11,959/2009, which provides for the National Policy for the Sustainable Development of Aquaculture and Fisheries in Brazil. It is seen that certain issues of the SSF Guidelines are better addressed in other federal legal instruments, which should be read, interpreted and applied in combination with that legislation. This analysis aimed at assisting legal practitioners and policy-makers in the implementation of the SSF Guidelines in Brazil.
Keywords: International fisheries law | Small-scale fisheries | Human rights-based approach | Ecosystem approach to fisheries | Brazilian fisheries law and policy
مقاله انگلیسی
64 Barriers to post exposure prophylaxis use among men who have sex with men in sub-Saharan Africa: An online cross-sectional survey
موانع استفاده از پروفیلاکسی پس از مواجهه در مردانی که در جنوب صحرای آفریقا با مردان رابطه جنسی برقرار می کنند: یک مطالعه مقطعی بصورت آنلاین-2020
Background: Curbing new HIV infections among MSM in SSA remains problematic, due to cultural beliefs, norms that oppose same-sex acts, and criminalization of same-sex acts. No study focused on barriers to PEP use in SSA region has been conducted. Our study focused on identifying barriers to Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) use among MSM in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was sent out to members of 14 Lesbian, Gay, Transgender, Bisexual, Queer (LGBTQ) associations in SSA, to identify barriers to PEP utilization in MSM. A total of 297 MSM from 22 countries in SSA completed the survey between 8 January 2019 and 23 February 2019. Descriptive statistics were generated, chi-square and backward stepwise logistic regression analysis were performed to evaluate the association between the outcome “PEP use” and other variables. Results: Most of the MSM were aged 18 to 30, and the majority (220, 74.6%) described themselves as gay. Rwanda had the highest number of respondents (117, 39.7% of the total), followed by Nigeria, Ghana and South- Africa. The majority of respondents reported having heard about PEP (234, 80.7%), and the average PEP correct knowledge level was 59%. Five characteristics were associated with increased odds of using PEP: Age, having vocational education, having heard of PEP, knowledge of where to get PEP, and having been refused housing. Conclusion: There is a need for a collaborative effort between policy makers, key players in HIV prevention, and MSM associations in SSA to remove barriers to PEP uptake to promote optimal PEP utilization amongst MSM.
Keywords: Post-exposure prophylaxis | MSM | Key population | HIV prevention | Sub-Saharan Africa
مقاله انگلیسی
65 Women’s safety perception assessment in an urban stream corridor: Developing a safety map based on qualitative GIS
ارزیابی درک ایمنی زنان در یک راهرو جریان شهری: تهیه نقشه ایمنی بر اساس GIS کیفی-2020
Perceived safety influences women’s use of green environments (GE) for physical activity with considerable implications on health. In order to address gender inequality in GE use, the effects of physical and social environmental factors on women’s perception of safety must be assessed. To achieve this, a pilot study designed and implemented a safety map based on a qualitative Geographic Information System (qGIS) methodology, in an urban stream corridor of the Metropolitan Region of Barcelona. Fourteen in-depth interviews with women users of the stream corridor were conducted to identify influencing environmental factors (i.e., lighting, vegetation density, visibility, and presence of streets, residential areas, industrial areas, parking areas, green areas, abandoned areas and discotheques, for the physical; and presence of truck drivers and vandals, and user density, for the social). These factors were translated into four spatial indicators (visibility, vegetation density, lighting, and land use) to allow for generation of safety index values. The safety map combined the safety index values with individual perceptions. The integration of qualitative and quantitative methods served to compare and contrast micro-scale individual perceptions with general perceptions of safety at the GE macro-scale. The safety map pointed out the importance of providing “eyes on the GE” and provided a nuanced understanding of how perceptions are mediated by women’s background (patriarchal vision of public space, criminal stereotypes and vulnerability of women) and everyday practices (recurrent use of GE). The map identified the areas that merit decision-makers’ attention to develop strategies for reverting gender inequality in GE use.
مقاله انگلیسی
66 Justice-related impacts and social differentiation dynamics in Nepals REDD + projects
تأثیرات مربوط به عدالت و پویایی تمایز اجتماعی در پروژه های REDD + نپال-2020
Policies and projects aimed at Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation, and the sustainable management of forests and the enhancement of forest carbon stocks (REDD+), have been regarded as an opportunity to improve forest governance while supporting rural livelihoods. However, now that REDD+ policies are being increasingly implemented, a number of justice-related challenges have emerged, including how social heterogeneity should be approached to avoid deepening the unequal access to land, resources and livelihood opportunities or even violating human rights in rural contexts. Applying an environmental justice lens, this article analyses the experience of three local communities in Nepal participating in REDD+ pilot projects, focusing on how indigenous peoples, women and Dalits have participated in and been affected by such initiatives. Our research shows that the studied REDD+ pilot activities in Nepal have been, to some extent, able to recognise, empower and benefit certain social groups, indigenous women in particular, whilst Dalits (particularly Dalit women) had a different experience. REDD+ projects have had limited impact in addressing more entrenched processes of political discrimination, male dominance in decision-making, and uneven participation driven by spatial considerations or specific social targeting approaches. While the projects examined here have been partially just, and rather sensitive to existing patterns of social differentiation, the complexity of social differentiation still makes it difficult to operationalise environmental justice in REDD+ implementation. Hence, we conclude that deficits in distributive, recognition and procedural justice cannot be resolved without first addressing wider issues of social injustices throughout Nepal, historically inherited along the dimensions of class, caste, ethnicity, gender, and spatiality.
Keywords: Redd+ | Social differentiation | Environmental justice | Benefit-sharing | Participation | Recognition | Nepal
مقاله انگلیسی
67 Linking methods to outcomes: A multi-course mixed-method study of the effects of active and passive pedagogy on entrepreneurial intentions
پیوند روش ها با نتایج: یک مطالعه چند دوره ای با روش ترکیبی در مورد تأثیرات آموزش و پرورش فعال و منفعل بر اهداف کارآفرینی-2020
This sequential mixed method study explores how pedagogy affects students’ entrepreneurial intentions. It outlines how positivist and constructivist educational paradigms are the basis of¼conventional and entrepreneurial pedagogy, and how these paradigms manifest themselves in entrepreneurship course learning objectives and teaching strategies. This overview engenders a novel coding scheme that supports a double-coder qualitative content analysis of seventeen entrepreneurship course syllabi, from twelve universities in eight countries. The coding results are then quantified and incorporated into a hierarchical multiple regression analysis, using data from a pre-post course student survey (N 232). Contrary to expectations, teaching strategies across the international sample remain relatively conventional, particularly assessments, even for courses that have mostly entrepreneurial course learning objectives. Furthermore, the results did not demonstrate any effect of pedagogy type on students’ entrepreneurial intentions. From all control variables, only ‘pre-course entrepreneurial intentions’ and ‘study level’ are related to (anincrease in) entrepreneurial intentions. Therefore, we recommend that universities target more mature students and do not rely on stand-alone entrepreneurship courses to instill aspirations of entrepreneurship among students. Instead, universities should strive to embed a more constructivist educational approach more widely throughout their curricula.
Keywords: Corporate entrepreneurship education | Entrepreneurship education | Family business | Sustainability | Business growth | Latin America
مقاله انگلیسی
68 A Healthcare Improvement Initiative to Increase Multidisciplinary Pain Management Referrals for Youth with Sickle Cell Disease
یک ابتکار بهبود بهداشتی برای افزایش مراجعه به درمان های چند رشته ای برای مدیریت درد در جوانان مبتلا به بیماری سلول داسی شکل-2020
Chronic pain is a complex integration of biological, psychological, and social variables. Multidisciplinary pain management experts design interventions that treat the multidimensional experience. Children and adolescents with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at risk for chronic pain. Increased risk is associated with multiple characteristics including sickle cell genotype, age, gender, frequency of hospitalization, duration of hospitalization, and certain comorbid diagnoses. Referral to pain management professionals for this population is often delayed. Aims: To increase multidisciplinary pain management referrals for youth with SCD identified to be at risk for chronic pain. Design: Implementation research. Setting: One pediatric, academic medical facility serving as a regional sickle cell treatment center in the Midwest. Participants: Children greater than 2 years of age and less than 21 years of age with laboratory confirmed SCD. Methods: Implementation of an evidence-based screening tool using the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR) to guide project planning, design, and evaluation. The CFIR model was paired with the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) quality improvement methodology to operationalize workflow and sustain project aims. Results and Conclusions: Eighty-four percent of all eligible patients were screened during their routine sickle cell appointments resulting in a 110% increase in multidisciplinary pain management referrals. Future interventions and PDSA cycles are targeted at improving attendance at scheduled appointments, reducing hospitalizations, decreasing 30-day readmissions, and shortening length of stay. © 2020 American Society for Pain Management Nursing. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
مقاله انگلیسی
69 Factors of fear of crime among Korean citizens: The mediating effect of confidence in the police
عوامل ترس از جرم و جنایت در بین شهروندان کره ای: اثر واسطه ای اعتماد به پلیس-2020
Fear can deteriorate communities and erode the quality of life of residents. Some fear of crime literature argues that the police can be a tool for addressing residents’ fear. However, the exact mechanism through which the police affect fear remains unknown. Using data from the 2013 Korean Crime Victim Survey, we examine the potential role that confidence in the police can play in explaining residents’ fear of crime. Our findings suggest that confidence in the police mediates the relationship between some traditional indicators (i.e., informal social control) of fear. How-ever, the persistent effects of other variables (i.e., gender) remain after accounting for confidence in the police. We discuss the implications of these findings for theory, future research, and public policy.
Keywords: Confidence in the police | Fear of crime | Mediating effect | South Korea
مقاله انگلیسی
70 Investor-advisor Big Five personality similarity and stock trading performance
شباهت شخصیتی سرمایه گذار-مشاور Big Five و عملکرد معاملات سهام-2020
The purpose of this study is to investigate how investor-advisor similarities (differences) in Big Five personality are related to stock trading performance. We used an online survey questionnaire to collect data from 314 investor-advisor dyads in the Chinese stock market. Personality similarity (difference) between investor and advisor was determined using “difference score analysis”. The results showed that investor-advisor similarity in terms of openness, extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness is positively related to investor stock trading performance. On the other hand, the investor-advisor similarity in neuroticism negatively affects investor trading performance. Further analysis also showed that investor-advisor similarity in demographics such as gender and education is related to stock trading performance. This research posits that retail investors show different trading performances if their personalities and demographics match (mismatch) with their advisors. Therefore, the patterns of investors’ trading performance can be jointly explained by both investors’ endogenous as well as exogenous factors.
Keywords: Personality similarity | Trading performance | The Big Five | Chinese stock market | Behavioral finance
مقاله انگلیسی
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