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نتیجه جستجو - Health promotion

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 8
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Improvements in biometric health measures among individuals with intellectual disabilities: A controlled evaluation of the Fit 5 program
بهبود اقدامات سلامت بیومتریک در افراد دارای معلولیت فکری: ارزیابی کنترل شده از برنامه Fit 5-2021
Background: Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) have poorer health statuses compared to the general population. Actions are needed to address
health disparities and promote healthy lifestyles among individuals with ID. Moreover, studies that consider program settings for this population are needed. Objective: The Special Olympics health program, Fit 5, was evaluated to assess effectiveness in improving health measures for individuals with ID. The settings of programs’ implementation were also considered. Methods: Four Special Olympics basketball teams participated as an intervention group, and three teams as a control group, in a study of the Fit 5 program that was implemented during, and as part of, a regular 8-week basketball season. Resting heart rate (RHR) and blood pressure, and height and weight to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI), were measured before and after the program. Differences in pre- and post-measures were compared between the two groups with paired samples t-tests and ANCOVA. Results: Participants in the intervention group had significantly greater improvements in resting systolic and diastolic blood pressures (p ¼ 0.02 and 0.03, respectively) and RHR (p ¼ 0.003). BMI increased for both groups; however, the increase in the intervention group was significantly less (p ¼ 0.006). The Special Olympics setting was considered familiar and supportive and effectively reached individuals with ID.
Conclusion: The Fit 5 program positively impacts RHR and blood pressure, and could help reduce extents of BMI increases, in individuals with ID when implemented in a common setting. Further investigation of the impact of Fit 5 and similar programs in additional settings is warranted.© 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Intellectual disability | Health promotion | Physical activity | Health risk factors | Program settings
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Redefining recovery: Accounts of treatment experiences of dependent cannabis users in Nigeria
بازسازی دوباره بازیابی: حساب های تجربیات درمان از کاربران وابسته به کانابیس وابسته در نیجریه-2021
Background: Research on addiction recovery describes recovery as a process leading to cessation of drug use. Few researchers have explored alternative views of recovery, and the interplay of individuals’ agency and social context in the recovery process. This study explored situated understandings of recovery among cannabis users that emphasized process and contingency. Methods: We conducted the study in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State in Nigeria. Participants were current (street-involved) cannabis users aged 21 to 34 (n = 97), recruited through time-location sampling. The study collected data through in-depth, individual interviews, which study staff transcribed, coded, and analyzed thematically. Results: Participants’ accounts indicated a quest for treatment as a means of recovery and redemption (i.e., repairing an identity damaged by dependent cannabis use). Relapse affected recovery when participants defined the latter as abstinence. Framing recovery this way showed the effects of social and structural factors on indi- vidual agency and treatment experiences. Yet some participants’ accounts highlighted a redefinition of recovery as a process (“recovering”), measured by such outcomes as reduced drug use and improved overall well-being. Conclusions: Reframing recovery, as some participants’ accounts in our study capture, speaks to the need for treatment programs that are informed by the principles of harm reduction and health promotion. Instead of foisting a singular treatment goal defined as total abstinence onto drug users seeking treatment, treatment should be attuned to the experiences and life circumstances of users and support them in achieving their recovery goals.
keywords: آژانس | شاهدانه | هویت | نیجریه | بهبود | رفتار | Agency | Cannabis | Identity | Nigeria | Recovery | Treatment
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Inequalities in Hungarian adolescents health, health behaviour and well-being, based upon the results of a cross-sectional survey at settlement level, using the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children questionnaire
نابرابری ها در سلامت، رفتار سالم و رفاه نوجوانان مجارستانی برمبنای نتایج یک ارزیابی متقاطع در سطح سکنی، با استفاده از رفتار سالم در پرسشنامه بچه مدرسه ای ها-2018
The aim of our study was to assess the impact of horizontal inequality on adolescents health and behaviour within a country and to check the usability of the questionnaire of Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey at local level. Sampling and data collection was carried out in accordance with the protocol of the HBSC survey among the 5th, 7th, 9th and 11th grade students in Debrecen (Nsampling frame = 11,765, Nsample = 1310), the second largest city of Hungary. Data on socioeconomic status of the families, variables related to well-being and health behaviour of the children were involved in the analysis. Horizontal inequality was measured by comparison of the local data with the national average, and for this purpose, a t-test and two-sample test of proportion was used. The families of the involved children in Debrecen are in better socio-economic status, and the health-related behaviour, as well as the well-being of the school-aged citizens of Debrecen is favourable than the national average. Based on the results, it is submitted that horizontal inequalities relating the place of residence in school-aged childrens health and behaviour exist in Hungary and the effect of socio-economic conditions is well demonstrated. The HBSC questionnaire is appropriate to obtain information on the health behaviour of children at settlement level and the gathered data can be used for planning health promotion interventions, tackling problems identified at local level.
keywords: Inequality |School-aged children |Health behaviour |Settlement level |HBSC questionnaire
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Visualizing the knowledge structure and evolution of big data research in healthcare informatics
بصری سازی ساختار دانش و تکامل تحقیقات داده های بزرگ در انفورماتیک بهداشتی-2017
Background: In recent years, the literature associated with healthcare big data has grown rapidly, but few studies have used bibliometrics and a visualization approach to conduct deep mining and reveal a panorama of the healthcare big data field. Methods: To explore the foundational knowledge and research hotspots of big data research in the field of healthcare informatics, this study conducted a series of bibliometric analyses on the related literature, including papers’ production trends in the field and the trend of each paper’s co-author number, the distribution of core institutions and countries, the core literature distribution, the related information of prolific authors and innovation paths in the field, a keyword co-occurrence analysis, and research hotspots and trends for the future. Results: By conducting a literature content analysis and structure analysis, we found the following: (a) In the early stage, researchers from the United States, the People’s Republic of China, the United Kingdom, and Germany made the most contributions to the literature associated with healthcare big data research and the innovation path in this field. (b) The innovation path in healthcare big data consists of three stages: the disease early detection, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis phase, the life and health promotion phase, and the nursing phase. (c) Research hotspots are mainly concentrated in three dimensions: the disease dimension (e.g., epidemiology, breast cancer, obesity, and diabetes), the technical dimension (e.g., data mining and machine learning), and the health service dimension (e.g., customized service and elderly nursing). Conclusion: This study will provide scholars in the healthcare informatics community with panoramic knowledge of healthcare big data research, as well as research hotspots and future research directions.
Keywords: Big data | Healthcare informatics | Bibliometrics | Knowledge structure | Knowledge management
مقاله انگلیسی
5 آموزش سلامت جنسی برای گردشگران جوان
سال انتشار: 2017 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 7 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 26
نیاز مبرمی به توسعه آموزش موثر سلامتی جنسی برای یک گروه دارای خطرپذیری بالا از گردشگران جوان وجود دارد. هدف این مطالعه بررسی ضرورت آموزش سلامت جنسی برای گردشگران جوان و شناسایی ویژگی های پیام های بالقوه و موفقیت آمیز سلامت جنسی می باشد. داده ها از سه گروه محوری دارای ترکیب جنسیتی و 13 مصاحبه فردی (32 نفر) به دست آمدند و با استفاده از نظریه سازندگی گرایی، تحلیل شدند. یافته ها ضرورت روشهای نوآورانه برای آموزش سلامت جنسی را که از تصمیم گیری افراد جوان در گردشگری پشتیبانی می کنند پررنگ می کند. توصیه های شرکت کننده ها برای آموزش سلامت جنسی گردشگران شامل تصمیمات آگاهی بخش درباره جنس ایمن به جای جنس محکوم، تولید پیام های متمرکز بر گردشگری، مختص سن وسال و حساس به جنسیت؛ تاکیدات مختلف پیام ها روی خطرات دربرابر منافع؛ و فردی سازی پیام های برمبنای برداشت ها و انگیزه های خطر می باشد. این توصیه ها می تواند با استفاده از دیدگاههای مختص زمینه، کاهش ضرر و ترویج سلامتی و نیز روشهای هدف یابی، چارچوب بندی و متناسب سازی، توضیح داده شده و به کار گرفته شوند.
کلیدواژه ها: آموزش سلامت جنسی | کاهش ضرر | ترویج سلامت | هدف گذاری | چارچوب بندی | متناسب سازی | گردشگران جوان
مقاله ترجمه شده
6 یادگیری تعاملی تحت وب تبدیل سیاست های سلامت به مراقبت های بهبود یافته از دیابت
سال انتشار: 2016 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 7 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 20
در آگوست 2014، اداره پیشگیری و ترویج سلامت دیابت آمریکا برنامه اقدامی کشوری برای پیشگیری از حوادث دارویی خطرناک را اجرا کرد که که بر جلوگیری از دیابت های ناشی از کاهش قند خون به عنوان یک حوزه کلیدی برای بهبود تاکید داشت. سپس اداره پیشگیری از بیماری و ترویج سلامت یک مدل تعاملی مبتنی بر وب یا یادگیری الکترونیکی را بر مبنای تحقیقات جزئیاتی و بازخورد ذینفعان توسعه داد تا متخصصان حوزه سلامت را درمورد راهبردها آموزش دند تا از حوادث خطرناک دارویی نشای از عوامل دیابتی جلوگیری کند. آموزش و تربیت ازطریق نشان دادن طرح های ویدیویی درباره چگونگی به کارگیری تصمیمات مشترک به هنگام تعیین اهداف دیابتی فردی و چگونگی استفاده از روش تدریس برگشتی جهت تایید درک بیماران، اصول سواد سلامت را در هم می آمیزد. قبل از اجرای این طرح در سپتامبر 2014، آموزش از طریق آزمایش فشرده قابلیت استفاده انجام شد و با استفاده از یک بررسی 36 بخشی، به صورت آزمایشی اجرا شد. 6 ماه پس از اجرای آن (سپتامبر 2014 تا مارس 2015)، صفحه اینترنتی دوره آموزشی در سایت health.gov 24334 بازدید منحصر به فرد داشت. بیش از 90% از 234 شرکت کننده که گواهی آموزش مستمر را دریافت کرده بودند موافقت کردند که قادر خواهند بود که از دانش به دست آورده از دروس در کارهای عملی خود استفاده کنند. آموزش های آنلاین که راهبردهای کلید پیشگیری را مدلسازی می کنند توسط کاربران حرفه ای به خوبی دریافت می شوند و ممکن است نقش مهمی در ایجاد خروجی های بهبود یافته از سیاست های سلامت ایفا کنند.
مقاله ترجمه شده
7 Interactive Web-Based Learning
آموزش تعاملی تحت وب-2016
In August 2014, the U.S. DHHS’s Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion released the National Action Plan for Adverse Drug Event Prevention, highlighting prevention of diabetes agent– related hypoglycemia as a key area for improvement. In support of the Action Plan, the Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion then developed a web-based interactive module, or eLearning lesson, based on formative research and stakeholder feedback to educate healthcare professionals on strategies to prevent adverse drug events from diabetes agents. The training incorporates health literacy principles by demonstrating, through video scenarios, how to apply shared decision making when setting individualized glycemic targets, and how to use the teach-back method to confirm patients’ understanding. Prior to release in September 2014, the training went through intensive usability testing and was pilot tested using a 36-item evaluation. Six months after its release (September 2014 to March 2015), the training landing page on health.gov had 24,334 unique page views. More than 90% of the 234 participants who earned continuing education credit agreed that they will be able to apply the knowledge gained from the lesson to their practice. Online trainings that model key prevention strategies are well received by health professional users and may play an important role in translating policy into improved outcomes. (Am J Prev Med 2016;50(1):122–128) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Opportunistic Risk Screening for Type 2 Diabetes_ Exploring of Application of Diabetes Risk Assessment Tool in Community Pharmacy in Australia and Thailand
غربالگری خطر فرصت طلبانه برای دیابت نوع 2 بررسی کاربرد ابزار ارزیابی در جامعه داروسازی در استرالیا و تایلند-2016
Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of providing diabetes risk assessment at community pharmacy level in Australia and Thailand from organizational aspects. Methods: The intervention study was conducted in eight community pharmacies in New South Wales, Australia, and six community pharmacies in Central Thailand. Dia- betes risk assessment tools were applied to determine the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. An open-ended question was asked to solicit the willingness-to-pay value for the service. A semistructured interview was conducted with participating pharmacists to solicit the perceived facilitators and barriers in providing the service. Results: There were a total of 132 and 185 participants, with the ratio of participants in the three risk categories of low, intermediate, and high being 1:4:11 and 2:1:1.5 for Australia and Thailand, respectively. More Thai participants were willing to pay for the service (72.4% vs. 18.9%; P ¼ 0.0001). Pharmacists from both countries agreed that providing risk assessment would increase health awareness and assist in dampeningthe burden of disease. A major barrier is time and staff shortage. Support from the government and collaboration among health care providers were major facilitators from Thai pharmacists’ perspective, whereas remuneration was a major facilitator from Australian phar- macists’ perspective. Conclusions: Pharmacists in both countries agreed that this intervention would contribute to produce positive health benefits. Differences in advantages and barriers as well as in the proportion of consumers willing to pay for the service demon- strated that it is essential for pharmacists (particularly in developing countries) to be aware of the pitfalls of copying practice initiatives in developed countries without any consideration of the local health care environment.Keywords: community pharmacy, health promotion, pharmacy practice, prevention, risk assessment, type 2 diabetes.Copyright & 2015, International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR). Published by Elsevier Inc.
Keywords: community pharmacy | health promotion | pharmacy practice | prevention | risk assessment | type 2 diabetes.
مقاله انگلیسی
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