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نتیجه جستجو - Housing

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 71
ردیف عنوان نوع
41 Social causation and neighborhood selection underlie associations of neighborhood factors with illicit drug-using social networks and illicit drug use among adults relocated from public housing
علل اجتماعی و انتخاب محله به عنوان انجمن های عوامل محله با شبکه های اجتماعی غیر قانونی استفاده از مواد مخدر و استفاده از مواد مخدر غیرمجاز در بین بزرگسالان خانه های عمومی-2017
Theories of social causation and social influence, which posit that neighborhood and social network characteristics are distal causes of substance use, are frequently used to interpret associations among neighborhood characteristics, social network characteristics and substance use. These associations are also hypothesized to result from selection processes, in which substance use determines where people live and who they interact with. The potential for these competing selection mechanisms to co-occur has been underexplored among adults. This study utilizes path analysis to determine the paths that relate census tract characteristics (e.g., economic deprivation), social network characteristics (i.e., having 1 illicit drug-using network mem ber) and illicit drug use, among 172 African American adults relocated from public housing in Atlanta, Georgia and followed from 2009 to 2014 (7 waves). Individual and network-level characteristics were captured using surveys. Census tract characteristics were created using administrative data. Waves 1 (pre-relocation), 2 (1st wave post-relocation), and 7 were analyzed. When controlling for individual-level sociodemographic factors, residing in census tracts with prior economic disadvantage was significantly associated with illicit drug use at wave 1; illicit drug use at wave 1 was significantly associated with living in economically-disadvantaged census tracts at wave 2; and violent crime at wave 2 was associated with illicit drug-using social network members at wave 7. Findings from this study support theories that describe social causation and neighborhood selection processes as explaining relationships of neighborhood characteristics with illicit drug use and illicit drug using social networks. Policies that improve local economic and social conditions of neighborhoods may discourage substance use. Future studies should further identify the barriers that prevent substance users from obtaining housing in less disadvantaged neighborhoods.
Keywords: Social epidemiology | Housing | Neighborhoods | Drug use
مقاله انگلیسی
42 Network cohesion and social support
انسجام شبکه و حمایت اجتماعی-2017
This article analyses the effects of personal network cohesion on different types of social support using two dimensions of cohesion: network closure (defined as a tightly knit set of actors around the ego) and cliquishness (defined as the extent to which an actor is connected with a number of cohesive sub-sets of alters). Data were obtained from a personal networks’ survey conducted in Catalonia (Spain), which was completed by 441 adults and gathered information about exchange of social support in networks made of 30 alters. A multilevel analysis disentangles the effects on support of these two structural dimensions at the network-level from compositional effects at the network and tie-level. The results show that network closure does not play a relevant role in support once confounders at the network and tie levels are controlled for. However, cliquishness has a significant association with labor-related support and housing support, net of statistical controls. Implications of these results in network research are discussed.
Keywords: Social support | Personal networks | Network effects | Cohesion | Density | Cliques
مقاله انگلیسی
43 صنعت فرش آمریکا: تاریخ، دینامیک¬های صنعت و یک مدل ساده برای پیش¬بینی کوتاه مدت
سال انتشار: 2017 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 11 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 21
این مقاله یک مدل ساده را نشان می¬دهد که می¬تواند برای ارزیابی شرایط کنونی صنعت فرش استفاده شده و یک دیدگاه کوتاه مدت برای آن توسعه داد. ما با استفاده از داده¬های سه ماهه در طی مدت زمانی Q1=1999 تا Q2=2016 یک مدل رگرسیونی از صنعت حمل و نقل فرش آمریکا ساخته¬ایم. ما دریاقتیم که تنظیم حمل و نقل اخیر، همچنان ادامه دارد. درحالی¬که تعمیر خانه، به نیاز به فرش کمک خواهد کرد، زمانی¬که تغییر کف¬پوش جایگزین ادامه پیدا کند، احتمالاً افزایش در حقوق جبران خواهد شد.
مقاله ترجمه شده
44 Prefabricated construction enabled by the Internet-of-Things
ساخت پیش ساخته فعال شده توسط اینترنت اشیاء -2017
Prefabricated construction has been used for public rental housing in Hong Kong. In order to speed up housing delivery, Hong Kong Housing Authority (HKHA) have employed advanced technologies, including Building Infor mation Modelling (BIM) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), in some of their pilot prefabrication-based construction projects. However, the information obtained from BIM and RFID is not well connected and shared among relevant stakeholders. This paper introduces a multi-dimensional Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled BIM platform (MITBIMP) to achieve real-time visibility and traceability in prefabricated construction. Design consid erations of a RFID Gateway Operating System, visibility and traceability tools, Data Source Interoperability Ser vices, and decision support services are specified for developing the MITBIMP. A case study from a real-life construction project in Hong Kong is used as a pilot project to demonstrate advanced decision-making by using cutting-edge concepts and technologies within the MITBIMP to providing a basis for real-time visibility and traceability of the whole processes of prefabrication-based construction.
Keywords: Internet of Things (IoT) | BIM (Building Information Modelling) | Multi-dimensional | Real-time | Visibility and traceability
مقاله انگلیسی
45 Expediting analytical databases with columnar approach
Expediting analytical databases with columnar approach-2017
The approaches and discussions given in this paper offer applicable solutions for a number of scenarios taking place in the contemporary world that are dealing with performance issues in development and use of analytical databases for the support of both tactical and strategic decision making. The paper introduces a novel method for expediting the development and use of analytical databases that combines columnar database technology with an approach based on denormalizing data tables for analysis and decision support. This method improves the fea sibility and quality of tactical decision making by making critical information more readily available. It also im proves the quality of longer term strategic decision making by widening the range of feasible queries against the vast amounts of available information. The advantages include the improvements in the performance of the ETL process (the most common time-consuming bottleneck in most implementations of data warehousing for quality decision support) and in the performance of the individual analytical queries. These improvements in the critical decision support infrastructure are achieved without resulting in insurmountable storage-size in crease requirements. The efficiencies and advantages of the introduced approach are illustrated by showing the application in two relevant real-world cases.
Keywords: Data warehouses | Decision support | Big data | Performance | ETL | Columnar databases
مقاله انگلیسی
46 Housing mobility and adolescent mental health: The role of substance use, social networks, and family mental health in the moving to opportunity study
تحرک مسکن و سلامت روان نوجوانان: نقش استفاده از مواد، شبکه های اجتماعی و سلامت روانی خانواده در عبور به فرصت مطالعاتی-2017
The Moving to Opportunity (MTO) experiment was a housing mobility program begun in the mid-nineties that relocated volunteer low income families from public housing to rental units in higher opportunity neighbor hoods in 5 US cities, using the Section 8 affordable housing voucher program. Compared to the control group who stayed behind in public housing, the MTO voucher group exhibited a harmful main effect for boys’ mental health, and a beneficial main effect for girls’ mental health. But no studies have examined how this social experiment caused these puzzling, opposite gender effects. The present study tests potential mediating mechanisms of the MTO voucher experiment on adolescent mental health (n=2829, aged 12–19 in 2001– 2002). Using Inverse Odds Ratio Weighting causal mediation, we tested whether adolescent substance use comorbidity, social networks, or family mental health acted as potential mediators. Our results document that comorbid substance use (e.g. past 30 day alcohol use, cigarette use, and number of substances used) significantly partially mediated the effect of MTO on boys’ behavior problems, resulting in -13% to -18% percent change in the total effect. The social connectedness domain was a marginally significant mediator for boys’ psychological distress. Yet no tested variables mediated MTOs beneficial effects on girls’ psychological distress. Confounding sensitivity analyses suggest that the indirect effect of substance use for mediating boys’ behavior problems was robust, but social connectedness for mediating boys’ psychological distress was not robust. Understanding how housing mobility policies achieve their effects may inform etiology of neighborhoods as upstream causes of health, and inform enhancement of future affordable housing programs.
Keywords: Neighborhood effects | Housing mobility | Social experiment | Mediation | Mental health | Adolescents
مقاله انگلیسی
47 Casino tourism, economic inequality, and housing bubbles
گردشگری کازینو، نابرابری اقتصادی و حباب های مسکن-2017
Potential linkages among tourism, inequality, and housing are addressed for an integrated analysis in this paper, with Macao treated as a typical case. Casino tourism, albeit performing as a major key to local economic growth, is ultimately vulnerable to external shocks to gambling demand, as evidenced by the current sharp downturn in Macao. We find that faster gaming growth leads to higher income inequality while at the same time both factors are responsible for soaring housing bubbles, which constitute the very source of social tensions as in Macao. Casino tourism if not well managed may not be a panacea for all development goals. The implication for policy derived from this study is that Macao must deal with underlying issues rather than apply palliative measures. Its market failures may necessitate government interventions to ensure social equity and sustainable tourism.
Keywords: Casino tourism | Unbalanced growth | Economic inequality | Housing bubbles | Macao
مقاله انگلیسی
48 Managing social risks at the housing demolition stage of urban redevelopment projects: A stakeholder-oriented study using social network analysis
مدیریت ریسک های اجتماعی در مرحله تخریب مسکن پروژه های بازسازی شهری: یک مطالعه ذینفعان با استفاده از تجزیه و تحلیل شبکه های اجتماعی-2017
In China, the social risks associated with housing demolition increasingly challenge the success of urban redevelopment projects. In practice, these risks are interacting and are associated with various stakeholders. Previous studies have largely focused on risk identification and evaluation without giving sufficient consideration to stakeholders and their linkages with risks. Therefore, we used social network analysis to investigate social risks related to housing demolition, from a stakeholder perspective. Stakeholder-associated risks and their interrelations were investigated based on a literature analysis and interviews with key stakeholders. Using a network analysis we identified critical risks and their corresponding stakeholders. Social security schemes, efficient financial management, multi-dimensional impact assessments, policy analyses and adherence to laws, and public participation were proposed to mitigate risks. The effectiveness of these solutions was quantified based on a network simulation. This study contributes to the body of knowledge on social risk management via linking social risks with stakeholders.
Keywords: Housing demolition | Social risk | Social network analysis | Stakeholder perspective | Urban redevelopment project
مقاله انگلیسی
49 Supply chain solutions to improve the distribution of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) to clinics in rural areas: A case study of the QwaQwa district
راه حل های زنجیره تامین برای بهبود توزیع داروهای ضد رتروویروسی (ARVs) به درمانگاه ها در مناطق روستایی: مطالعه موردی منطقه QwaQwa-2017
This article serves as a case study based on research that was performed in the QwaQwa district in the Free State Province where the distribution of ARVs to the regional Manapo hospital, as well as between the hospital and its peripheral clinics, was interrupted and inconsistent due to problems in the supply chain. An unreliable and interrupted ARV supply chain creates the risk of virus reactivation and eventual patient mortality. The objectives of the study were to explore the problems experienced with the ARV distribution practices at the Manapo hospital, and to recommend ways in which the dis tribution of ARVs can be improved so that patients can receive an uninterrupted supply. The nature of the topic researched dictated the use of mainly the quantitative research method. The main problems identified include: Wrong and no uniform practice of ordering stock by the hospital and the clinics; lack of reliable, structured transportation from the depot to the hospital; as well as poor inventory management and poor overall communication. Recommendations to address the problems include: Implementing a supply chain plan ning and design process; improving inventory management and warehousing practices; implementing more effective and reliable distribution and transportation processes; as well as improving supply chain coordination and overall communication. © 2016, The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Johannesburg
Keywords:ARV distribution|Fixed order quantity policy|Inventory management|Supply chain management|Warehousing practice
مقاله انگلیسی
50 Big Data Management: New Frontiers, New Paradigms
مدیریت داده های بزرگ: مرزهای جدید، پارادایم های جدید-2017
This special issue on “Big Data Management: New Frontiers, New Paradigms” of Information Systems presents a rigorous selection of the best papers of the 17th ACM International Workshop on Data Warehousing and OLAP (DOLAP 2014), held in conjunction with the 23rd ACM International Conference on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM 2014), in Shanghai, China, during November 3–7, 2014.
مقاله انگلیسی
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