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1 |
PV generator and energy storage systems for laboratory building
ژنراتور PV و سیستم های ذخیره انرژی برای آزمایشگاه-2020 A microgrid contains a PV generator and energy storage system connected in a laboratory building. Power generation is
scheduled to meet the load of the building to adjust optimally the generation exchange within the microgrid. In this study,
the problem of decreasing the cost of energy under varied system constraints and user decisions is addressed. In addition,
minimizing electricity costs of the utility grid is proposed as an optimization model. To minimize the using of the grid, ESS
is scheduled according to the peak demand. The proposed algorithm schedules the charging and discharging of the battery.
A switching control technique is implemented for optimal scheduling of the hybrid system. Simulation is performed using
GAMS, the obtained results validate that the intended model can minimize the operation cost. Keywords: Day ahead | PV generation | Optimization | Multi objective scheduling | Energy management |
مقاله انگلیسی |
2 |
Energy management of hybrid electric vehicles: A review of energy optimization of fuel cell hybrid power system based on genetic algorithm
مدیریت انرژی وسایل نقلیه الکتریکی هیبریدی: مروری بر بهینه سازی انرژی سیستم قدرت هیبریدی سلول سوختی بر اساس الگوریتم ژنتیکی-2020 Under the background of current environmental pollution and serious shortage of fossil energy, the development
of electric vehicles driven by clean new energy is the key to solve this problem, especially the hybrid electric
vehicle driven by fuel cell is the most effective solution. Many scholars have found that the output performance
of hybrid system is an important reason to determine the life of fuel cell. Unreasonable output will affect the
control characteristics of the drive system, resulting in a series of serious consequences such as the reduction of
the life of fuel cell hybrid power system. Therefore, the energy management strategy and performance optimization
of hybrid system is the key to ensure the normal operation of the system. At present, many excellent
researchers have carried out relevant research in this field. Genetic algorithm is a heuristic algorithm, which has
better optimization performance. It can easily choose satisfactory solutions according to the optimization objectives,
and make up for these shortcomings by using its own characteristics. These characteristics make genetic
algorithm have outstanding advantages in the iterative optimization of energy management strategy. This paper
analyzes and summarizes the optimization effect of genetic algorithm in various energy management strategies,
aiming to analyze and select the optimization rules and parameters, optimization objects and optimization
objectives. This paper hopes to provide guidance for the optimal control strategy and structural design of the fuel
cell hybrid power system, contribute to the research on improving the energy utilization efficiency of the hybrid
power system and extending the life of the fuel cell, and provide more ideas for the optimization of energy
management in the future. Keywords: Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle | Energy management strategy | Hybrid power system | Genetic algorithm |Optimization parameters and objectives |
مقاله انگلیسی |
3 |
Steering control law for double-gimbal scissored-pair CMG
قانون کنترل فرمان دو حلقه قیچی جفت CMG-2020 Because control moment gyroscopes (CMGs) can generate a large torque compared to reaction wheels, they are used as actuators for
attitude control of large spacecraft. However, when the number of Single-Gimbal CMG (SGCMG) units is five or less, there can be internal
singularities that cannot generate torque around the desired direction. To construct a system that has no internal singularities, six or
more SGCMGs are required, because an orthogonally arrayed, three scissored-pair CMG system has no internal singularities. Because
CMG singularities are disruptive for attitude control, a great deal of effort has been devoted to overcoming the CMG singularity problem;
the various designs include Variable-Speed CMGs (VSCMGs), Double-Gimbal CMGs (DGCMGs), and Double-Gimbal Variable-
Speed CMGs (DGVSCMGs). However, these designs still have problems, such as a slow response to torque generation commands about
the wheel axis in VSCMGs and DGVSCMGs, and difficulty in precise attitude tracking when perturbation torque is generated to avoid
singularities. To overcome the problems of the traditional CMG configurations, this paper proposes a new CMG system configuration
that we call the Double-Gimbal Scissored-pair CMG (DGSPCMG) system. Because the DGSPCMG system is a hybrid system combining
a Scissored-Pair CMG and a DGCMG, the DGSPCMG system does not have internal singularities except at the origin and along the
x-axis. Moreover, this system can recover from an internal singularity by null motion only, and from outer singularities (saturation singularities)
by steering the scissored-pair gimbals only. Thus, generation of perturbation torque is unnecessary for recovering from singularities,
and a precise attitude tracking maneuver can be more easily achieved. This paper presents a conceptual design of a
DGSPCMG system and describes a steering control law for the proposed system. Furthermore, the validity of the proposed steering
control law is demonstrated through numerical simulations and results of comparison experiments are shown to demonstrate the advantage
of the DGSPCMG over a VSCMG. Keywords: Scissored-pair CMG | Double gimbal CMG | Steering control law | Singularities |
مقاله انگلیسی |
4 |
Nonlinear control and optimization of hybrid electrical vehicle under sources limitation constraints
کنترل غیرخطی و بهینه سازی وسیله نقلیه الکتریکی هیبریدی تحت محدودیت منابع-2020 This work presents a new contribution on energy management of hybrid electric systems
for vehicle applications. The studied hybrid electrical vehicle is composed of fuel cell as a
main source and the auxiliary system containing the battery and supercapacitor. A programmable
load is used to emulate a vehicle load profile. Two methods are combined to
smartly and optimally control the energy flow between the used sources. These methods
are the Interconnection and Damping Assignment Passivity Based Control (IDA-PBC) and
the Hamilton-Jacobi Bellman (HJB) optimization. The source limitation is considered here
in terms of the battery state of charge. The experimental works validate the efficiency of
the proposed control where the obtained results demonstrate that the used strategy allows
regulating the power flow under a realistic load drive profile. The global stability proof is
demonstrated using Lyapunov theory. Keywords: Energy management | Hybrid system | Passivity based control | Constraints | Hamilton-Jacobi Bellman method |
مقاله انگلیسی |
5 |
Performance assessment of a hybrid solid oxide and molten carbonate fuel cell system with compressed air energy storage under different power demands
ارزیابی عملکرد سیستم اکسید جامد ترکیبی و سیستم سلولی سوخت کربنات مذاب با ذخیره انرژی هوای فشرده تحت تقاضای توان مختلف-2020 As electricity demand can vary considerably and unpredictably, it is necessary to integrate
energy storage with power generation systems. This study investigates a solid oxide and
molten carbonate fuel cell system integrated with a gas turbine (GT) for power generation.
The advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage (AA-CAES) system is designed to
enhance the system flexibility. Simulations of the proposed power system are performed to
demonstrate the amount of power that can supply to the loads during normal and peak
modes of operation under steady-state conditions. The pressure ratios of the GT and AACAES
and the additional air feed are used to design the system and analyze the system
performance. The results show that a small additional air feed to the GT is certainly
required for the hybrid system. The GT pressure ratio of 2 provides a maximum benefit.
The AA-CAES pressure ratio of 5 is recommended to spare some air in the storage and
minimize storage volume. Moreover, implementation of the GT and AA-CAES into the
integrated fuel cell system allows the system to cope with the variations in power demand. Keywords: Solid oxide fuel cell | Molten carbonate fuel cell | Gas turbine | Compressed air energy storage | Energy management system |
مقاله انگلیسی |
6 |
Hybrid energy management with respect to a hydrogen energy system and demand response
مدیریت انرژی ترکیبی با توجه به سیستم انرژی هیدروژن و پاسخ به تقاضا-2020 A Hybrid Energy System (HES) is a mechanism that combines multiple sources of energy
connected together to achieve synchronised energy output. However, increased energy
consumption, operator energy expenses, and the potential environmental impact of
increased emissions from the exhaustion of non-renewable energy resources (fossil fuel)
pose major challenges to HES. This research is to conduct energy management strategy
based on a demand response (DR) program and a hydrogen storage system by designing a
Program Logic Controller (PLC) unit. The hybrid system is evaluated by comparing different
scenarios such as a hydrogen energy system and demand response. The purpose of this
research is to reducing peak demand, minimise the cost of the system and also to extract
surplus power generation out of the rate of the battery. This can be achieved by improving
the system performances and by eliminating any degradation at the early stages. Organisations
or companies must be sure their systems are working properly and that their investments
will pay off. Keywords: Energy management | Hybrid energy | Hydrogen energy | PLC and demand response |
مقاله انگلیسی |
7 |
Development of solid oxide fuel cell and battery hybrid power generation system
توسعه سلول سوخت جامد اکسید و سیستم تولید برق ترکیبی باتری-2020 Solid oxide fuel cell hybrid generation system is the best scheme for the load tracking of
off-grid monitoring stations. But there are still potential problems that need to be
addressed: preventing fuel starvation and ensuring thermal safety while meeting load
tracking in hybrid power generation system. In order to solve these problems, a feasible
hybrid power generation system structure scheme is proposed which combined SOFC
subsystem and Li-ion battery subsystem. Then a model of the hybrid power generation
system is built based on the proposed system structure. On this basis, an adaptive
controller, include the adaptive energy management algorithm and current feedforward
gas supply strategy, is applied to manage the power-sharing in this hybrid system as well
as keep the system operating within the safety constraints. The constraints, including
maintaining the bus voltage at the desired level, keeping SOFC operating temperature in
safety, and mitigating fuel starvation are explicitly considered. The stability of the proposed
energy management algorithm is analyzed. Finally, the developed control algorithm
is applied to the hybrid power generation system model, the operation result proves the
feasibility of the designed controller strategy for hybrid generation system and effectively
prevent fuel starvation and ensure thermal safety. Keywords: Solid oxide fuel cells | Hybrid system | Adaptive control | Energy management |
مقاله انگلیسی |
8 |
Energy management and control strategy for a DFIG wind turbine/fuel cell hybrid system with super capacitor storage system
مدیریت و استراتژی کنترل انرژی برای یک سیستم ترکیبی توربین بادی و سوختی DFIG با سیستم ذخیره سازی فوق العاده خازن-2020 This paper deals with a modeling and control of a hybrid power system based on fuel cell and wind
turbine (WT) system based a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG). To improve the performance of the
hybrid energy system, a super-capacitor storage system is associated with a fuel cell which is not able to
compensate the fast variation of the load power demand. In this case, rule based energy management
algorithm should be applied to share energy between three source elements in order to satisfy load
power demand. The main originality of this work lies in the new topology of theWT-DFIG/Full cell/super
capacitor hybrid power system which presents an easier accessibility of DC and AC grid. For the wind
energy conversion system, the proposed control is the Maximum Power Point Tracking algorithm based a
torque control loop (OTC). The wind turbine is equipped with a DFIG operated at variable speed which
the control is based on direct power control. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed
control strategy and the energy management algorithm. A dSpace 1104 real-time board is used for
management algorithm implementation. The obtained experimental results prove the efficiency of the
proposed control strategy. Keywords: Hybrid system | Fuel cell | Wind turbine | Super capacitor storage system | Direct power control | Energy management |
مقاله انگلیسی |
9 |
Optimized energy management strategy for grid connected double storage (pumped storage-battery) system powered by renewable energy resources
استراتژی مدیریت انرژی بهینه سازی شده برای سیستم ذخیره دوگانه متصل به شبکه (پمپ باتری ذخیره شده) که از منابع انرژی تجدید پذیر استفاده می شود-2020 This paper presents a grid-connected double storage system (DSS) consisting of pumped-storage hydropower
(PSH) and battery. The system is supplied by photovoltaics and wind turbines. In the proposed
hybrid system, batteries absorb excess renewable energy that cannot be stored in PSH and they cover
loads that cannot be supplied from the water turbine. To improve the system performance, a novel
energy management strategy for the DSS is proposed. The strategy is based on an optimized factor that
governs the charging process of the DSS. The problem of the optimal system design is solved by a nondominated
sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). The multi-objective function considers simultaneously
the minimal investment cost and minimal CO2 emissions. A comparative study of photovoltaic/wind/
pumped-storage hydropower and photovoltaic/wind/double storage system is performed to show the
effectiveness of the proposed strategy in terms of system economic and environmental performance. The
considered location of the PSH station is on Attaqa Mountain at Suez (Egypt). The results indicate the
effectiveness of the proposed energy management strategy for the storage system from economic and
environmental perspectives. Coupling the battery with the PSH reduces the electricity cost by 22.2% and
results in minimal energy exchange with the national grid (5% of the annual demand). A sensitivity
analysis shows the largest variation of the electricity cost with changing the capital cost of the solar and
wind generators. Also, it is observed that when the load increases, the optimal size of the system
components increases, but it isn’t proportional with the demand increase as could be expected. Keywords: Pumped-storage hydropower | Battery | Double storage system | Renewable energy sources | NSGA-II | Hybrid energy system |
مقاله انگلیسی |
10 |
A cascaded energy management optimization method of multimode power-split hybrid electric vehicles
یک روش بهینه سازی مدیریت انرژی آبشار از وسایل نقلیه برقی هیبریدی تقسیم قدرت چند حالته-2020 A novel multimode power-split hybrid electric vehicle demonstrates significant advantages in energy
conservation. The complicated structure and multiple operation modes, however, have brought significant
challenges to energy management. The problems of operation mode selection, power allocation, and
operating point selection need to be solved simultaneously. Traditionally, existing energy management
strategies first have determined operation mode and then have solved power allocation and operating
points. Moreover, traditional dynamic programming usually has not considered electric energy consumption
and has deviated from the optimal solution. To solve these problems, a cascaded energy
management strategy that integrates dynamic programming and equivalent consumption minimization
strategy (DP þ ECMS) is proposed. An iterative method is used to optimize the equivalence factor. A
vehicle model based on actual control strategy is established and validated by test results. Then fuel
economy simulations are conducted. Results showed that DP þ ECMS could achieve 19.9% fuel economy
improvement compared with the rule-based strategy for a new European driving cycle. In addition,
simulation results of a Worldwide Harmonized Light-Duty Test Cycle demonstrated that DP þ ECMS
performed well in real road driving conditions. This study introduces a novel multimode power-split
hybrid system and provides a global energy management optimization method. Keywords: Hybrid electric vehicle | Power-split hybrid system | Energy management | Dynamic programming |
مقاله انگلیسی |