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نتیجه جستجو - Inclusion

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 171
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Total fractional-order variation regularization based image reconstruction method for capacitively coupled electrical resistance tomography
روش بازسازی تصویر مبتنی بر تنظیم تغییرات مرتبه کسری کل برای توموگرافی مقاومت الکتریکی جفت شده خازنی-2021
Compared with electrical resistance tomography, capacitively coupled electrical resistance tomography (CCERT) is preferred since it avoids problems of electrode corrosion and electrode polarization. However, reconstruction of conductivity distribution is still a great challenge for CCERT. To improve reconstruction quality, this work proposes a novel image reconstruction method based on total fractional-order variation regularization. Simulation work is conducted and reconstruction of several typical models is studied. Robustness of the proposed method to noise is also conducted. Additionally, the performance of the proposed reconstruction method is quantitatively evaluated. We have also carried out phantom experiment to further verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results demonstrate that the quality of reconstruction has been largely improved when compared with the images reconstructed by Land weber, Newton-Raphson and Tikhonov methods. The inclusion is more accurately reconstructed and the background is much clearer even under the impact of noise.
Keywords: Capacitively coupled electrical resistance | tomography | Image reconstruction | Total fractional-order variation regularization
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Knowledge of healthcare providers in the management of anaphylaxis
آگاهی از ارائه دهندگان خدمات بهداشتی در مدیریت آنافیلاکسی-2021
Introduction: Anaphylaxis is defined as a severe, life-threatening systemic hypersensitivity reaction. Early diagnosis and treatment of a severe allergic reaction requires recognition of the signs and symptoms, as well as classification of severity. It is a clinical emergency, and healthcare providers should have the knowledge for recognition and management. The aim of the study is to evaluate the level of knowledge in the management of anaphylaxis in healthcare providers.
Methods: It is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted among healthcare providers over 18 years old via a Google Forms link and shared through different social media platforms. A 12-item questionnaire was applied which included the evaluation of the management of anaphylaxis, from June 2020 to May 2021.
Results: A total of 1023 surveys were evaluated; 1013 met inclusion criteria and were included in the statistical analysis. A passing grade was considered with 8 or more correct answers out of 12; the overall approval percentage was 28.7%. The group with the highest percentage of approval in the questionnaire was health-care providers with more than 30 years of work experience. There was a significant difference between the proportions of approval between all specialty groups, and in a post-hoc analysis, allergy and immunology specialists showed greater proportions of approval compared to general medicine practitioners (62.9% vs 25%; p¼<0.001).
Conclusions: It is important that healthcare providers know how to recognize, diagnose, and treat anaphylaxis, and later refer them to specialists in Allergy and Clinical Immunology in order to make a personalized diagnosis and treatment.
Keywords: Anaphylaxis | Epinephrine | Healthcare providers | Knowledge
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Interval growth across gestation in pregnancies with fetal gastroschisis
رشد فاصله در حاملگی در حاملگی با گاستروشسیس جنین-2021
BACKGROUND: Gastroschisis is often complicated by fetal growth restriction, preterm delivery, and prolonged neonatal hospitalization. Prenatal management and delivery decisions are often based on estimated fetal weight and interval growth; however, appropriate interval growth from week to week across gestation for these fetuses is poorly understood.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the median increase in overall estimated fetal weight and individual biometric measurements across each week of gestation in pregnancies with fetal gastroschisis and to assess whether lower in utero fetal weight gain is predictive of postnatal growth or adverse neonatal outcomes.
STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective cohort study of pregnancies with gastroschisis evaluated at 5 institutions of the University of California Fetal-Maternal Consortium from December 2014 to December 2019. The inclusion criteria were prenatally diagnosed gastroschisis with at least 1 ultrasound performed at a University of California Fetal-Maternal Consortium institution. Estimated fetal weight and individual biometric measurements were recorded for each ultrasound performed at a University of California Fetal-Maternal Consortium institution from the time of gastroschisis diagnosis to delivery. Median estimated fetal weight and biometric measurements were calculated for each gestational age in 1-week increments. Neonatal outcomes collected were birthweight, length of stay, complications of gastroschisis (bowel atresia, bowel stricture, ischemic bowel before closure, or severe pulmonary hypoplasia), and growth failure at discharge.
RESULTS: We identified 95 pregnancies with fetal gastroschisis who, in aggregate, had 360 growth ultrasounds at a University of California FetalMaternal Consortium institution. The median interval growth was 130 g/wk. The median estimated fetal weight and abdominal circumference in fetal gastroschisis cases were approximately the tenth percentile on the Hadlock growth curve across gestation. Moreover, the median biparietal diameter, head circumference, and femur length measurements remained below the 50th percentile on the Hadlock growth curve across gestation. The median birthweight for neonates with less than the median weekly prenatal weight gain was less than for those with greater than the median weekly prenatal weight gain (2185 g vs 2780 g; P<.01). There was no difference in prenatal weight gain trajectory when comparing neonates who had or did not have bowel complications of gastroschisis.
CONCLUSION: In this multicenter cohort of pregnancies with fetal gastroschisis, the median interval growth was 130 g/wk, and overall, in utero growth closely followed the tenth percentile on the Hadlock curve. Poor prenatal growth in cases of fetal gastroschisis correlates with lower neonatal weights but did not predict a more complicated course. Key words: abdominal wall defect | biometric parameters | fetal anomaly | fetal growth restriction | nomograms | postnatal growth
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Disaster management training in the euregio-meuse-rhine: What can we learn from each other to improve cross-border practices?
آموزش مدیریت بلایا در euregio-meuse-rhine: برای بهبود شیوه های فرامرزی چه چیزی می توانیم از یکدیگر بیاموزیم؟-2021
Increasing numbers of disasters require comprehensive preparedness. Border regions are vulnerable as disasters might not halt at administrative borders. Cross-border coordination is therefore required. As integral part of cross-border collaborations initiative in the Meuse–Rhine Euregio (EMR), we reviewed published evidence informing on existing initiatives dedicated to disaster education in the EMR. A search based on the PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews was conducted to retrieve articles in the following databases: Medline, PsychInfo and Scopus. The searches were limited to English, French, Dutch and German language articles and the period between January 2010 and June 2019. No restrictions were set for the study design or the type of methodology used. A total of 18 articles met the inclusion criteria out of a total of 1771 publications. Training development was found in two studies while nine studies focused on the state of knowledge in disaster management. Seven articles referred only to technical skills, three only to non-technical skills and eight combined both types of skills. For the technical nature, Knowledge was found seven times, Skills five times and Attitudes twice. On the non- technical side, Knowledge was found three and both Skills twice and Attitudes three times. Five studies trained and assessed all the Knowledge, skills and attitudes. Most of the studies constitute inventories with descriptive reporting and very few experimental studies of quality have been carried. Non-technical skills for disaster preparedness have been well considered among the articles. Cross-border collaboration needs to be further investigated.
keywords: پزشکی فاجعه | حوادث تلفات جمعی | آموزش فاجعه | برنامه ریزی فاجعه | Disaster medicine | Mass casualty incidents | Disaster education | Disaster planning
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Registry Studies Use Inconsistent Methods to Account for Patients Lost to Follow-up, and Rates of Patients LTFU Are High
مطالعات رجیستری از روش های ناسازگار استفاده می کند تا بیماران را از دست بدهد و میزان بیماران LTFU بالا هستند-2021
Purpose: To determine methods described in the literature to account for patients lost to follow-up (LTFU) in registry studies and whether rates of patient LTFU are within acceptable margins.
Methods: A scoping review, where a literature search is conducted for studies from 9 arthroscopy registries, was performed on EMBASE, MEDLINE, and the annual reports of each registry. Inclusion criteria included studies with information on patient-reported outcome measures and being based on 9 national registries identified. Exclusion criteria included review articles, conference abstracts, studies not based on registry data, and studies from regional, claims-based, or multicenter registries. Studies were then divided into categories based on method of LTFU analysis used.
Results: Thirty-six articles were identified for the final analysis. Categories for LTFU analysis included dropout analyses (n ¼ 10), referencing validation studies (n ¼ 12), contacting nonresponders (n ¼ 4), and sensitivity analyses (n ¼ 1). Referencing validation studies was the most common method (n ¼ 12). Majority (n ¼ 35) of the studies exceeded the recommended maximum rates for LTFU.
Conclusions: Registry studies use inconsistent methods to account for patient LTFU, and rates of patients LTFU are unacceptably high.
Clinical Relevance: The impact of patients LTFU in studies related to arthroscopic intervention is unknown. A universal method for accounting for patient follow-up is needed.
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Evaluating nature-based solutions for climate mitigation and conservation requires comprehensive carbon accounting
ارزیابی راه حل های مبتنی بر طبیعت برای کاهش و حفاظت از آب و هوا نیاز به حسابداری کربن جامع دارد-2021
Nature-based solutions (NbS) can address climate change, biodiversity loss, human well-being and their interactions in an integrated way. A major barrier to achieving this is the lack of comprehensiveness in current carbon accounting which has focused on flows rather than stocks of carbon and led to perverse outcomes. We propose a new comprehensive approach to carbon accounting based on the whole carbon cycle, covering both stocks and flows, and linking changes due to human activities with responses in the biosphere and atmosphere. We identify enhancements to accounting, namely; inclusion of all carbon reservoirs, changes in their condition and stability, disaggregated flows, and coverage of all land areas. This comprehensive approach recognises that both carbon stocks (as storage) and carbon flows (as sequestration) contribute to the ecosystem service of global climate regulation. In contrast, current ecosystem services measurement and accounting commonly use only carbon sequestration measured as net flows, while greenhouse gas inventories use flows from sources to sinks. This flow-based accounting has incentivised planting and maintaining young forests with high carbon uptake rates, resulting, perversely, in failing to reveal the greater mitigation benefit from protecting larger, more stable and resilient carbon stocks in natural forests. We demonstrate the benefits of carbon storage and sequestration for climate mitigation, in theory as ecosystem services within an ecosystem accounting framework, and in practice using field data that reveals differences in results between accounting for stocks or flows. Our proposed holistic and comprehensive carbon accounting makes transparent the benefits, trade-offs and shortcomings of NbS actions for climate mitigation and sustainability outcomes. Adopting this approach is imperative for revision of ecosystem accounting systems under the System of EnvironmentalEconomic Accounting and contributing to evidence-based decision-making for international conventions on climate (UNFCCC), biodiversity (CBD) and sustainability (SDGs).
keywords: راه حل های مبتنی بر طبیعت | حسابداری کربن | خدمات آب و هوا | ذخیره سازی کربن و جداسازی | یکپارچگی اکوسیستم | سیستم حسابداری محیط زیست اقتصادی | Nature-based solutions | Carbon accounting | Climate regulation service | Carbon storage and sequestration | Ecosystem integrity | System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Perceptions by employed accounting students of ethical leadership and political skill: Evidence for including political skill in ethics pedagogy
ادراکات توسط دانشجویان حسابداری استخدام شده از رهبری اخلاقی و مهارت سیاسی: شواهد شامل مهارت های سیاسی در آموزش اخلاق-2021
Using a sample of 703 full- or part-time employed students from two U.S. universities, we conducted an empirical investigation of the relation between perceptions of ethical leadership and perceptions of political skill. The sample was composed of 141 accounting majors and 562 non-accounting students. The results indicated that the two concepts were highly correlated. Our findings also indicate that perception of both ethical leadership and political skill significantly dropped with age and work experience. Moreover, accounting seniors who had previously completed a standalone ethics course had higher perceptions than their counterparts on both constructs, which were still highly correlated. This finding suggests that the ethics education of these students may not have positively impacted their discernment in the area of ethical sensitivity. Thus, accounting students may enter the workforce with inadequate ethical sensitivity, and entry-level accountants may therefore be prone to cognitively confuse the leadership attributes of political skills and ethics. The ability of accountants to differentiate between the ethical leadership and the political skill of leaders, and/or knowledge of how the political skills of leaders could mask their unethical guidance, is posited as an area of ethical sensitivity worthy of inclusion in accounting ethics pedagogy.
keywords: اخلاق حسابداری | اخلاق کسب و کار | آموزش اخلاق | آموزش اخلاق حسابداری | پرسشنامه مهارت های سیاسی | psi | مقیاس رهبری اخلاقی | از | حساسیت اخلاقی | Accounting ethics | Business ethics | Ethics education | Accounting ethics education | Political skills inventory | PSI | Ethical leadership scale | ELS | Ethical sensitivity
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Spoofed replay attack detection by Multidimensional Fourier transform on facial micro-expression regions
تشخیص حمله مجدد جعلی توسط تبدیل چند بعدی فوریه بر روی نواحی بیانی ریز صورت-2021
Facial replay attacks have been a topic of interest in recent past due to the vulnerability of intrusive nature in biometric security systems. In order to build a robust biometric system many safeguard approaches have already been developed by the researchers to nullify spoofing activities like print and replay attacks. This paper proposes a comprehensive study on the application of Multidimensional Fourier transform to combat replay attacks. Since the higher frequency in Multidimensional Fourier transform contains the major feature variations, liveness of a face is mostly reflected in the high frequency spectrum. The spontaneous facial expressions like micro-expression(????E) carries the detailed inner facial variations. In this novel approach a modified high frequency descriptor is used for proper discrimination between a live and fake facial video streams. The descriptor in particular works efficiently for a change in facial ????E. Inclusion of noise along with the feature variation is trivial in higher frequency spectrum. The method, therefore, during the pre-processing phase not only extracts the video frames with major ????E changes but also filters out frames carrying any abrupt expression change (macro expression) or spike noise. The selected frame sequence are thereafter fed into the multi dimensional Fourier plane in order to detect the liveness. The experiment is performed on the self created dataset and also being tested on standard play back attack dataset. The result obtained by the proposed anti spoofing approach is satisfactory and verified to be statistically significant.
Keywords: Facial spoofing | Micro-expressions | Multidimensional Fourier domain | Replay attack
مقاله انگلیسی
9 Optimization of supply chain networks with inclusion of labor: Applications to COVID-19 pandemic disruptions
بهینه سازی شبکه های زنجیره تامین با گنجاندن نیروی کار: برنامه های کاربردی برای اختلالات همه گیر COVID-19-2021
In this paper, we respond to the COVID-19 pandemic by constructing supply chain network optimization models, which explicitly include labor as an important variable in the network economic activity links, along with associated capacities. Labor is a critical resource in supply chains from production to transportation, storage, and distribution. In a pandemic, the availability of labor for different supply chain network activities may be disrupted due to illness, fear of contagion, morbidity, necessity of social/physical distancing, etc. The modeling framework considers first elastic demands for a product and then fixed demands, coupled with distinct types of labor capacities in order to capture the availability of this valuable resource in a pandemic, as well as possible flexibility. The supply chain network framework, which includes electronic commerce, is relevant to many different supply chain applications including protective personal and medical equipment, as well as to particular food items. Theoretical results as well as computed numerical examples are presented.
Keywords: Pandemic | Supply chains | Labor resources | Disruptions | Network optimization | Healthcare
مقاله انگلیسی
10 Dynamic capabilities in sustainable supply chain management: An inter-temporal comparison of the food and automotive industries
قابلیت های پویا در مدیریت پایدار زنجیره تأمین: مقایسه بین زمانی صنایع غذایی و خودرو-2021
This paper seeks to enrich the theoretical debate on dynamic capabilities (DCs) in sustainable supply chain management (SSCM). By extending Beske et al.’s (2014) study, a systematic literature review was conducted, and articles matching our inclusion criteria were analyzed from 2002 to 2018. Yet, two major additions are made. For the first time, two distinctive sectors, i.e., the food and automotive industry, are compared. Furthermore, a temporal perspective is provided by comparing two time periods (2002–2013 and 2014–2018) based on content as well as quantitative contingency analyses.The results for the food sector indicate a shift from “standards and certifications,” a central construct within the 2002–2013 sample, to proactive strategies aiming for the integration of stakeholders in the 2014–2018 sample. Similarly, the findings of the automotive industry indicate a shift from monitoring to joint development and knowledge management. Based on our comparison, the SSCM debate in the food industry appears more diverse in terms of practices and capabilities employed. In contrast, the analysis for the automotive industry indicates a focus on SCM elements instead of a comprehensive SSCM view. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to apply an intra- and inter-sectoral analysis combined with a temporal analysis within the SSCM domain. This provides evidence that the methodological approach taken allows distinguishing among both time periods and industries.
Keywords: Sustainable supply chain management | Dynamic capabilities | Automotive industry | Food industry
مقاله انگلیسی
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