با سلام خدمت کاربران در صورتی که با خطای سیستم پرداخت بانکی مواجه شدید از طریق کارت به کارت (6037997535328901 بانک ملی ناصر خنجری ) مقاله خود را دریافت کنید (تا مشکل رفع گردد).
ردیف | عنوان | نوع |
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91 |
Remanufacturing with upgrade PSS for new sustainable business models
تولید مجدد با PSS ارتقا یافته برای مدل های جدید تجاری پایدار-2020 Starting from mid ‘90s, Eco-efficient Product Service Systems (PSSs) were indicated in literature as enablers toward a more sustainable and resource-efficient industry through re-use and remanufacturing. In this regard, academicians and practitioners outlined several advantages (environmental and economic) but also many barriers hindering their implementation, such as market acceptance and economic sustainability. Thus, the diffusion of re-use and remanufacturing PSS is currently limited and mainly restricted to markets accepting also out-dated products (e.g. B2B or emerging countries). To cope with this limitation, product upgrade in re-manufacturing was recently introduced. Upgrade cycles allow embedding technological innovation into products while remanufacturing, thus reaching advanced performances and satisfying evolving customers’ preferences over time. If coupled with the offering of advanced services, remanufacturing with upgrade would open the way to new disruptive PSSs able to revolution customers’ consumption behaviour, as well as the manufacturing business model of companies. The new remanufacturing with upgrade business models will make remanufacturing one of the main pillars of companies’ business value generation, allowing improved management of technology cycles and of products obsolescence. Thus, overall economic and environmental benefits will be maximised. However, the implementation of such business models represents a challenge for manufacturers. The evolution from a pure manufacturing towards a manufacturing/remanufacturing company, together with the transition from a product to a service-based offering, entails considerable changes in all the business model variables. Drawing on the theory of business model innovation process, incremental or radical innovation paths can be hypothesised for this transition. Despite the focus of recent research on Product Service Systems and on Circular Economy, remanufacturing-with-upgrade business models are rarely cited in literature and there is limited empirical evidence of companies having embraced them. To set the research framework in alignment with previous theory, this paper proposes a structured definition and configuration of innovative remanufacturing-with-upgrade business models. By looking at existing examples of companies having undertaken this type of business model innovation, different typologies of remanufacturing and upgrade business models are proposed. Companies were classified according to the identified PSS typologies and conclusions are derived, together with future research perspectives.© 2018 CIRP. Keywords: Re-manufacturing | Upgrade | Sustainable Product Service Systems | Business model | Circular economy |
مقاله انگلیسی |
92 |
The impact of social power and influence on the implementation of innovation strategies: A case study of a UK mega infrastructure construction project
تأثیر قدرت و نفوذ اجتماعی در اجرای استراتژی های نوآوری: مطالعه موردی یک پروژه ساخت و ساز زیرساخت مگا انگلیس-2020 Influence plays a key role in reaching consensus among multiple actors involved in project-based decision-
making processes. While prior literature devotes considerable attention to describing influence,
little attention has been paid to influence at the individual level of the strategic project manager within
the context of megaprojects. This research intended to fill this knowledge gap by identifying and
describing the influence strategies that a strategic project manager applies when implementing innovation
strategies on megaprojects. A qualitative case study was used to examine the complex social
processes involved in a major UK capital investment programme. The findings underline a critical subset
of influence strategies, notably higher-management support, inspirational appeal and bargaining. The
study proposes a utilitarian structure of social power comprising selective, supportive and executory
power bases Keywords: Social power | Influence strategies | Megaprojects | Social processes | Project innovation strategy |
مقاله انگلیسی |
93 |
Climate Change Policy and Entrepreneurial Opportunities
سیاست تغییر اقلیم و فرصتهای کارآفرینی-2020 In the current era, the new climate change policy -based on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)- is the inspiration for many types of entrepreneurship which combine value creation with conservation and social protection. In order to obtain a radiography of the European entrepreneurship associated to climate change policy, this paper proposes a study of 22 European countries between the years 2014 and 2017. This sample is obtained from two worthy databases -Eurostat and Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM)- and some variables as contribution to the international 100bn USD commitment on climate related expending, eco-innovation ratio and total entrepreneurial activity (TEA) are used for identifying this kind of sustainable entrepreneurship. Logit modeling is the methodology used for relating the impact of circular economy to entrepreneurial opportunities. This paper concludes that: sustainable entrepreneurship in Europe does not follow a unique model due to the opportunities of Climate change are not taken advance of the same way. Keywords: Climate change | Circular economy | Sustainability and entrepreneurship |
مقاله انگلیسی |
94 |
To what extent do young innovative companies take advantage of policy support to enact innovation appropriation mechanisms?
شرکت های نوآور جوان تا چه اندازه از مزایای سیاست برای استفاده از سازوکارهای اختصاصی نوآوری بهره می گیرند؟-2020 Innovative entrepreneurship is at the heart of economic development in all modern economic systems. However, we observe in several developed countries - especially Europe - a languishing in the capacity to foster creative destruction (i.e. Schumpeter Mark 1, SM1) dynamics and to create young innovative companies (YICs), capable to establish themselves as leaders in markets or become successful innovators. One key issue that is often ad- vocated in this respect is the deficit suffered from YICs in fully protecting their innovations and appropriating (at least in part) returns from them. The usage of formal (e.g., intellectual property rights) and informal (e.g., secrecy, lead time, access to complementary assets) instruments to protect intellectual property assets has the potential to overcome this difficulty. Different types of policy mechanisms have been put in place to help YICs. However, high implicit and explicit costs and barriers prevent YICs’ use of protection strategies, limiting the ability to generate SM1 dynamics or accessing market for ideas, even upon policy support. By relying on the resource-based view of the firm, our paper investigates to what extent a comprehensive set of policy measures recently introduced in the Italian context and focused on alleviating the hurdles suffered by YICs is associated with the choice of YICs to protect their innovations. The econometric analyses based on more than 1,600 Italian YICs show how the use of financial policy measures are associated to both formal and informal instruments, while labour policy measures are only related to formal ones. Keywords: Entrepreneurship policy | Institutional reform | Young innovative companies | Intellectual property rights | Appropriation mechanisms |
مقاله انگلیسی |
95 |
Future management
مدیریت آینده-2020 Accurate forecasting, good identification of trends is the basis of business success. Strategic management methods and techniques that use experience and historical economic data are not adequate to the rapidly changing business environment. In particular, technological changes, and in particular the widespread use of ICT, forces a new approach to management style and changes in the way data is acquired on the basis of which future decisions are made. Innovation thinking, a flexible and dynamic approach to making future-oriented decisions using new technologies are the foundations of future management. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to show the role and position of technology in creating the future.© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the KES International. Keywords: Future management | forecasting the future | new technologies |
مقاله انگلیسی |
96 |
Business model risk and uncertainty factors: Toward building and maintaining profitable and sustainable business models
فاکتورهای ریسک و عدم اطمینان مدل کسب و کار: به سمت ساخت و حفظ مدل های تجاری سودآور و پایدار-2020 Business models and business model innovation and particularly their
opportunities have been a popular topic recently, but we find the extant literature on the subject lacking. The risk and uncertainty aspect typical of business
models has not been sufficiently addressed. We draw upon the existing literature
and triangulate results with an extensive expert group interview to identify 28 risk
and uncertainty factor groups, creating a checklist that can be used as the first step
in an integrative business model risk management process for existing and new iterations. With an established process for managing and identifying risk in business
models, managers can make more conscious and well-informed decisions.
KEYWORDS: Business model | Business model risk | Business model uncertainty | Risk management |
مقاله انگلیسی |
97 |
Patent assertion entities and the courts: Injunctive or fee-based relief?
نهادهای ادعای ثبت اختراع و دادگاه ها: تخفیف غیرعلنی یا مبتنی بر هزینه؟-2020 A 2006 U.S. Supreme Court decision encouraged district courts to rely more on license fees and less on
injunctions as a remedy for patent infringement. This paper provides a simple model in which a paten towning patent assertion entity(PAE) ¨ and an infringing firm engage in Nash bargaining over a possible
license fee after the PAE initiates an infringement lawsuit. We compare a fee-based regime in which the
court imposes a fair value license fee if there is no settlement with a regime in which failure to reach
a settlement leads to an injunction that disrupts production. The injunctive regime always involves a
settlement but, in a fee-based regime, settlements occur only for patents on drastic innovations (as
defined by Arrow, 1962). For small incremental innovations, PAEs prefer the injunctive regime because
negotiated license fees are higher. For higher value innovations, license fees are lower in the injunctive
regime and PAEs would prefer the fee-based regime, contrary to the presumption that injunctive regimes
necessarily favor PAEs
Keywords: License fee bargaining | Patent litigation | Patent trolls | Royalty |
مقاله انگلیسی |
98 |
Edge Concierge: Democratizing Cost-Effective and Flexible Network Operations using Network Layer AI at Private Network Edges
Edge Concierge: دموکراتیک کردن عملیات شبکه با هزینه و مقرون به صرفه و انعطاف پذیر با استفاده ازهوش مصنوعی لایه لایه در لبه های شبکه خصوصی-2020 We observe two major revolutionary trends in network
operations: democratization of cost-effective and flexible
communication means for vertical players, such as public safety,
by private mobile networking combined with edge computing,
and automatic and autonomic network operations empowered
by Artificial Intelligence (AI). Further innovations are required
for making private networking readily available for vertical
players that are reluctant to acquire expertise in complex network
operations. We propose Edge Concierge, of which concept is to
democratize cost-effective and flexible network operations using
network layer AI at private network edges. Edge Concierge assists
smart network operations for private mobile network operators
and energy saving by changing working state of AI-empowered
anomaly detection applications by network layer AI. We also
employ unsupervised machine learning using Hidden Markov
Model (HMM) for estimating contexts by solely observing network
traffic at mobile edge computing (MEC) middle boxes. In
detail, we design a system of real-time and self-learning context
estimation by a multi-level probabilistic state transition model
trained by unsupervised learning, which is implemented in a
commodity PC. In order to evaluate our proposed system, we
take public safety context of smart cities as an example use case
and show the benefits. |
مقاله انگلیسی |
99 |
State governments as financiers of technology startups: Evidence from Michigans R&D loan program
دولت های ایالتی به عنوان سرمایه گذار استارت آپ های فناوری: شواهدی از برنامه وام تحقیق و توسعه میشیگان-2020 State governments in the United States often fund and support technology startups within their borders. Yet little is known about the magnitude with which these place-based policy interventions shift the performance trajec- tories of entrepreneurial firms. We provide new evidence based on 241 startups that compete for advanced research and technology commercialization loans between 2002 and 2008 through a Michigan-based program. Among applicants with project scores near the threshold required for funding, we find that award recipients are 20%–30% more likely to remain in business four years after the competition relative to similar companies that seek but fail to receive funding. We also find that award receipt stimulates follow-on venture capital (VC) investments in surviving companies. The VC stimulus effect is, however, disproportionately driven by subsets of firms that are very young, relatively inexperienced at external fundraising, or located outside the dominant hub of entrepreneurial activity within the state. This distinctive pattern of heterogeneous effects remains visible for follow-on R&D financing from federal government sources, and for supplemental outcome measures that use news articles to track shifts in financing and business development activities. These findings are consistent with the view that public R&D programs are particularly beneficial when frictions in private resource markets are more severe. Keywords: Entrepreneurship | Innovation policy | R&D subsidies | Startup performance |
مقاله انگلیسی |
100 |
Changing the game to compete: Innovations in the fashion retail industry from the disruptive business model
تغییر بازی برای رقابت: نوآوری در صنعت خرده فروشی مد از مدل کسب و کار مخل-2020 Unprecedented competition and emergent technologies have posed a
challenge to many traditional retailers in recent years. Yet within this competitive
environment, emerging innovative business models have thrived and successfully
disrupted the industry. We analyze the nature of disruptive business-model innovations and the ways they disrupt the fashion retail industry. To that end, we examine
three disruptors in the industry: born-digital brands, AI-enabled demand forecasting and product design, and collaborative consumption. After introducing the
concept of disruptive business-model innovation, we discuss the three disruptors’
effects on the fashion industry. We find that all of these models keenly answer
fundamental needs unmet by current business models, such as offering quality
products at a competitive price, curated services, and sustainable consumption.
At the same time, all three disruptors suggest effective operation models for
handling demand uncertainty, inventory management, and timely responses to
the market, all of which are inherent issues for current push supply chains and
forecast-based, inventory-driven systems. Based on this analysis, we discuss important implications for both academics and industry practitioners.
KEYWORDS: Disruptive innovation | Business model | Inventory management | Demand forecasting | Fashion industry | Online retail |
مقاله انگلیسی |