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Developing interagency collaboration to address the opioid epidemic: A scoping review of joint criminal justice and healthcare initiatives
در حال توسعه همکاری بین سازمانی برای رسیدگی به اپیدمی مواد مخدر: یک بررسی گسترده از ابتکارات مشترک کیفری و بهداشت و درمان-2020 Background: With the current opioid epidemic impacting well over half of all counties across the United States,
initiatives that encourage interagency collaboration between first responder organizations appear necessary to
comprehensively address this crisis. Police, fire, and emergency medical services (EMS) are in a unique position
to identify substance users and provide necessary resources to initiate treatment, yet there is not sufficient
evidence of joint collaborative programs between law enforcement/first responders and healthcare providers.
Methods: In this scoping review we examine the current state of joint criminal justice and healthcare interventions,
specifically, opioid and substance use pre-arrest initiatives via emergency first responders and police
officers. We relied on data from the last 10 years across three major databases to assess the extent of criminal
justice (CJ) and healthcare collaborations as a response to individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). We
specifically focused on interventional programs between criminal justice first responders (pre-arrest) and
healthcare providers where specific outcomes were documented.
Results: We identified only a small number (6) of studies involving interventions that met this criteria, suggesting
very limited study of joint interagency collaboration between law enforcement first responders and
healthcare providers. Most had small samples, none were in the southern states, and all but one were initiated
within the last 5 years.
Conclusions: Although studies describing joint efforts of early intercept criminal justice responses and healthcare
interventions were few, existing studies suggest that such programs were effective at improving treatment referral
and retention outcomes. Greater resources are needed to encourage criminal justice and healthcare collaboration
and policies, making it easier to share data, refer patients, and coordinate care for individuals with
OUD. Keywords: Opioid use disorder | First responder | Interagency collaboration | Mortality |
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