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نتیجه جستجو - Investment

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 553
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Evolution of Quantum Computing: Theoretical and Innovation Management Implications for Emerging Quantum Industry
تکامل محاسبات کوانتومی: مفاهیم مدیریت نظری و نوآوری برای صنعت کوانتومی در حال ظهور-2022
Quantum computing is a vital research field in science and technology. One of the fundamental questions hardly known is how quantum computing research is developing to support scientific advances and the evolution of path-breaking technologies for economic, industrial, and social change. This study confronts the question here by applying methods of computational scientometrics for publication analyses to explain the structure and evolution of quantum computing research and technologies over a 30-year period. Results reveal that the evolution of quantum computing from 1990 to 2020 has a considerable average increase of connectivity in the network (growth of degree centrality measure), a moderate increase of the average influence of nodes on the flow between nodes (little growth of betweenness centrality measure), and a little reduction of the easiest access of each node to all other nodes (closeness centrality measure). This evolutionary dynamics is due to the increase in size and complexity of the network in quantum computing research over time. This study also suggests that the network of quantum computing has a transition from hardware to software research that supports accelerated evolution of technological pathways in quantum image processing, quantum machine learning, and quantum sensors. Theoretical implications of this study show the morphological evolution of the network in quantum computing from a symmetric to an asymmetric shape driven by new inter-related research fields and emerging technological trajectories. Findings here suggest best practices of innovation management based on R&D investments in new technological directions of quantum computing having a high potential for growth and impact in science and markets.
Index Terms: Innovation management | quantum algorithms | quantum computing (QC) | quantum network | technological change | technological paradigm | technological trajectories.
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Over-the-air firmware update for IoT devices on the wild
به‌روزرسانی میان‌افزار فرا-هوا برای دستگاه‌های اینترنت اشیا در طبیعت-2022
Internet of Things (IoT) has been gaining a lot of attention in the last few years and despite the large amount of investments, there is still much to be developed and refined. Software and firmware updates over-the-air (OTA) are a crucial part for IoT solutions longevity. This paper presents the design and implementation of an OTA firmware update method based on the standard architecture recently proposed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). The proposed solution is evaluated through a testbed using 20 constrained IoT devices and an open source IoT cloud platform, as well as on a set of devices deployed in a real world application. Results show that the proposed solution is suitable for constrained devices and has little impact on the network traffic.
Keywords: Internet of Things | IoT | Update over the air | OTA | RFC 9019
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Joint analysis of the non-linear debt-growth nexus and capital account liberalization: New evidence from sub-Saharan region
تحلیل مشترک پیوند غیرخطی رشد بدهی و آزادسازی حساب سرمایه: شواهد جدید از منطقه جنوب صحرا-2021
This paper conducts an empirical investigation of the debt-growth nexus at firm level. We exploit a panel of sub-Saharan firms observed over the period 2004–2014 to jointly assess the impact of debt and financial liberalization on firm growth measured in terms of sales. Using a system GMM estimator, we find an inverted U-shaped relationship between debt and firm growth. However, the form of this relationship was reversed (U-shaped) by examining the joint effect of debt and capital account liberalization. This change results from the adoption of the policy of financial liberalization put in place by the regulatory authorities of the sub-Saharan countries. In addition, our results show that investment impact firm growth. Consequently, agency and trade-off theories are admitted. These findings may yield important policy implications. Policy makers must optimize financial decisions and adopt a gradual financial liberalization policy, thus ensuring the survival of sub-Saharan firms.
keywords: Firm financial structure | Financial liberalization | firm growth | sub-Saharan Africa | System GMM
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Predicting stock returns from the pricing and mispricing of accounting fundamentals
پیش بینی بازده سهام از قیمت گذاری و سوء تفاهم از مبانی حسابداری-2021
This paper examines Nichols et al.’s (2017) fundamentals-based valuation model that links share prices to accounting fundamentals in European equity markets. The model explains, on average, 69 % of the cross-sectional share price variation among European firms. Deviations of share prices from the model’s fundamental value estimates hold unique information about subsequent stock returns that goes beyond established determinants of the cross-section. Firms identified as undervalued outperform firms perceived as overvalued by more than 0.54 % per month after controlling for firm size, book-to-market, operating profitability, investment, and momentum. Hence, the market seems to incorporate fundamental information only gradually.
keywords: پیش بینی قابل پیش بینی | تجزیه و تحلیل بنیادی | بدبختی | بازده سهام | بازارهای اروپایی | Return predictability | Fundamental analysis | Mispricing | Stock returns | European markets
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Multi-objective optimization modelling of sustainable green supply chain in inventory and production management
مدلسازی چند هدفه بهینه سازی زنجیره تأمین سبز پایدار در مدیریت موجودی و تولید-2021
The ever increasing pressure to conserve the environment from global warming cannot be overemphasized. Emission from the inventory and production process contributes immensely to global warming and hence, the need to device a sustainable green inventory by the operational managers. In this paper, a multi-item multi-objective inventory model with back-ordered quantity incorporating green investment in order to save the environment is proposed. The model is formulated as a multi-objective fractional programming problem with four objectives: maximizing profit ratio to total back-ordered quantity, minimizing the holding cost in the system, minimizing total waste produced by the inventory system per cycle and minimizing the total penalty cost due to green investment. The constraints are included with budget limitation, space restrictions, a constraint on cost of ordering each item, environmental waste disposal restriction, cost of pollution control, electricity consumption cost during production and cost of greenhouse gas emission in the production process. The model effectiveness is illustrated numerically, and the solution obtained to give a useful suggestion to the decision-markers in the manufacturing sectors.
KEYWORDS: Multi-objective fractional programming | Fuzzy goal programming | Sustainable green supply chain | Inventory and production management
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Shareholding strategies for selling green products on online platforms in a two-echelon supply chain
استراتژی های سهامداری برای فروش محصولات سبز در سیستم عامل های آنلاین در یک زنجیره تأمین دو طبقه-2021
Observing the practical vertical shareholding phenomena in platform retailing, this paper con- siders two shareholding rates (forward and backward) and proposes three shareholding strategies (forward, backward and cross-shareholding) in a supplier-lead green supply chain to investigate the operation mechanism behind it. Shareholding’s impacts on green investment, prices and profits are provided and the players’ strategy preferences are discussed. We interestingly find that cross-shareholding can be joint optimal when the two shareholding rates are both sufficiently low and thereby Pareto region goes with it. Meanwhile, both the players’ performances can be further improved through certain coordinated ways.
Keywords: Green supply chain | Game theory | Platform retailing | Shareholding strategy | Pareto region
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Sustainable supply chain management considering technology investments and government intervention
مدیریت پایدار زنجیره تأمین با در نظر گرفتن سرمایه گذاری های فن آوری و مداخلات دولت-2021
With the aggravation of the global environmental crisis, consumers are keen to use green products, and enterprises are more committed to technology investment and innovation to meet consumers’ green preferences. This study considers a supply chain system composed of one manufacturer and one retailer, where the manufacturer invests in green emission reduction technology (GERT) to reduce carbon emissions, and the retailer invests in information disclosure technology to transmit the higher greenness quality of products to consumers. We discuss the technology investment decisions and cooperation strategies between the manufacturer and the retailer, as well as the impacts of government regulations on supply chain members’ decisions. We consider three scenarios: decentralized, government intervention, and cost sharing and government intervention. We derive the optimal technology investment decisions of the manufacturer and retailer. In addition, we identify the conditions for the manufacturer to subsidize the retailer’s disclosure technology costs. The results show that a higher emission reduction subsidy encourages GERT investments and increases supply chain members’ profits. However, when the government sets a higher emission reduction standard, the subsidy neither increases the emission reduction nor benefits the retailer, and hurts the manufacturer’s profit. We also demonstrate that when there is cost sharing and government intervention, emission reduction and supply chain performance are always better than in the other scenarios.
Keywords: Emission reduction | Information disclosure | Technology investments | Government intervention | Sustainable supply chain management
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Cultural consensus knowledge of rice farmers for climate risk management in the Philippines
دانش اجماع فرهنگی کشاورزان برنج برای مدیریت ریسک آب و هوایی در فیلیپین-2021
Despite efforts and investments to integrate weather and climate knowledges, often dichotomized into the scientific and the local, a top-down practice of science communication that tends to ignore cultural consensus knowledge still prevails. This paper presents an empirical application of cultural consensus analysis for climate risk management. It uses mixed methods such as focus groups, freelisting, pilesorting, and rapid ethnographic assessment to understand farmers’ knowledge of weather and climate conditions in Barangay Biga, Oriental Mindoro, Philippines. Multi-dimensional scaling and aggregate proximity matrix of items are generated to assess the similarity among the different locally perceived weather and climate conditions. Farmers’ knowledge is then qualitatively compared with the technical classification from the government’s weather bureau. There is cultural agreement among farmers that the weather and climate con- ditions can be generally grouped into wet, dry, and unpredictable weather (Maria Loka). Damaging hazards belong into two subgroups on the opposite ends of the wet and dry scale, that is, tropical cyclone is grouped together with La Ni˜na, rainy season, and flooding season, while farmers perceive no significant difference between El Ni˜no, drought, and dry spells. Ethnographic information reveals that compared to the technocrats’ reductive knowledge, farmers imagine weather and climate conditions (panahon) as an event or a phenomenon they are actively experiencing by observing bioindicators, making sense of the interactions between the sky and the landscape, and the agroecology of pest and diseases, while being subjected to agricultural regulations on irrigation, price volatility, and control of power on subsidies and technologies. This situated local knowledge is also being informed by forecasts and advisories from the weather bureau illustrating a hybrid of technical science, both from the technocrats and the farmers, and personal experiences amidst agricultural precarities. Speaking about the hybridity of knowledge rather than localizing the scientific obliges technocrats and scientists to productively engage with different ways of knowing and the tensions that mediate farmers’ knowledge as a societal experience.
keywords: دانش اجماع | پیش بینی آب و هوا | کشاورزی | خطر ابتلا به آب و هوا | Consensus knowledge | Weather forecasting | Agriculture | Climate risk
مقاله انگلیسی
9 The role of accounting conservatism in M&A target selection
نقش محافظه کاری حسابداری در انتخاب هدف M&A-2021
Mergers and acquisitions (M&As) are among the most important investment activities for companies, but they contain great risks. We investigate the role of accounting conservatism in M&A target selection and risk. We find that for risk-averse reasons, firms with high accounting conservatism are likely to acquire profitable targets and avoid loss-making targets. When such firms acquire loss-making targets, the conservatism’s risk-control role reduces M&A risk and increases M&A performance, but only when control of the target is transferred and the acquirer has high long-term debt and low management power. Furthermore, accounting conservatism reduces risk by increasing the maturity match between cash flow and debt. Our results suggest that accounting conservatism plays not only a risk-averse role but also a riskcontrol role, providing new evidence for the usefulness of accounting conservatism in M&A decisions.
Keyword: Target selection | Accounting conservatism | Risk aversion | Risk control
مقاله انگلیسی
10 The optimal recovery-fund based strategy for uncertain supply chain disruptions: A risk-averse two-stage stochastic programming approach
استراتژی مبتنی بر صندوق بازیابی بهینه برای اختلالات نامشخص زنجیره تأمین: رویکرد برنامه ریزی تصادفی دو مرحله ای ریسک پذیر-2021
For a supply chain subject to uncertain production disruptions, the joint optimization of invest- ment intervention on recovery speed and duration of disrupted production capacity and location and inventory management has not been well studied. In this paper, a novel recovery strategy is introduced and studied, which uses investment to adjust the recovery speed and duration of production capacity, and two recovery behaviors responding to different types of disruptions are modeled. Considering uncertain disruption scenarios and their ripple effects over the supply chain, a risk-averse two-stage stochastic programming model (RTSPM) is established to study the integrated supply chain management of selection of distribution centers, multi-period inventory, transportation flows, and recovery-fund based mitigation policy. The RTSPM incorporates the risk preference of managers in decision making. We propose a trust-region-based decomposition method to solve the RTSPM and demonstrate its efficiency by benchmarking on state-of-the-art commercial solvers. Through numerical examples, we deeply analyze the effectiveness of RTSPM and the relations of optimal recovery investment decisions with the uncertain disruption factors. Finally, we provide implications and suggestions induced from the models and findings to aid the decisions on renting of distribution centers and the emergency investment and operational decisions when suffering the disruptions.
Keywords: Supply chain disruption management | Recovery-fund based mitigation strategy | Location-inventory-transportation model | Risk-averse two-stage stochastic programming | Trust-region-based decomposition method
مقاله انگلیسی
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