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Gathering local ecological knowledge to augment scientific and management understanding of a living coastal resource: The case of Oregon’s nearshore groundfish trawl fishery
جمع آوری دانش زیست محیطی محلی برای تقویت درک علمی و مدیریت از یک منبع ساحلی زنده: مورد ماهیگیری ماهی قرمز مایل به قرمز اورگان-2021 Globally, coastal nearshore regions are an intersecting point for human and biological productivity, often serving
as hotspots for subsistence, commercial, and recreational fishing activities. Despite this, many nearshore areas
remain poorly understood, monitored or managed. This case study examined the nearshore sector of Oregon’s
groundfish trawl fishery, which exists in shallow estuarine and continental shelf habitats common along the West
Coast of North America; areas that are important for early life history stages of many commercial and recrea-
tional fisheries. The West Coast groundfish fishery includes over 90 different species, 40 of which occur within
Oregon’s nearshore (here defined as the portion of the shelf extending seaward to a water depth of 200 m). The
very shallow portions of the Oregon Coast (the area of the shelf inshore of 55 m) have been subject to limited
scientific survey monitoring, and much of the details of the ecology, health, and processes in these habitats
remain poorly understood. The utilization of the nearshore region by the commercial groundfish trawl fleet is
also minimally documented despite the fact that experiential knowledge (local ecological knowledge [LEK];
trawl logbooks, fish tickets, interviews) exists. This research explored the capacity of capturing LEK sources to
inform and enhance understanding of the drivers of effort and the vitality of nearshore fishery resources. Our
approach used statistical analysis and mapping of nearshore trawl effort from 1981 to 2017 and gathered semi-
structured interviews of intergenerational fishermen to bolster data-poor areas. Insights provided by sampling
strategies and historical to current knowledge of access to groundfish assemblages provide informed baselines for
future management. Spatial mapping results revealed a decline in trawl effort on the Oregon continental shelf
thought time. Logbook and interview data assessment illuminated market and ecological drivers of fishing
behavior as well as a unique sector of the groundfish fleet in Oregon: the beach fleet, with unique market and
socio-economic challenges. Findings indicate a mixed-methods approach can provide a more thorough assess-
ment of long-term interest in Oregon’s nearshore groundfish fishery. Ensuring better understanding of coastal
interfacing regions such as Oregon’s nearshore insights potential for better conservation and utilization of marine
resources and improved monitoring in resource limited management contexts. keywords: دانش زیست محیطی محلی | زمین های دریایی ساحل غربی ایالات متحده | اطلاعات وابسته به ماهیگیری | ماهیگیری ساحلی | Local ecological knowledge | US West Coast groundfishes | Fisheries-dependent data | Coastal fisheries |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Going on and off the map: Lessons from Swedish fisher knowledge about spawning areas in the Baltic Sea
رفتن به داخل و خارج از نقشه: درسی از دانش فیشر سوئد در مورد مناطق تخم ریزی در دریای بالتیک-2021 Scholars frequently promote fishers’ rich understanding of marine environments as a legitimate and unique form
of knowledge that must be accounted for in fisheries management. It is, however, challenging to combine fisher
knowledge (FK) with the conventional scientific knowledge that fisheries management relies upon. In this paper
we investigate the (in)commensurability between FK and scientific objectives and procedures. Towards this aim
we performed interviews with a group of fishers who participated in an earlier Swedish study in which FK was
used to map locations of fish spawning areas along the Swedish Baltic coast. By interviewing these fishers again
we were able to identify and assess aspects of FK that were left implicit in the earlier study. Based on our results
we discuss the value of these aspects of FK for understanding marine environments. keywords: دانش زیست محیطی محلی | روش های کیفی | ماهیگیری در مقیاس کوچک | دانش زیست محیطی سنتی | Local ecological knowledge | Qualitative methods | Small-scale fisheries | Traditional ecological knowledge |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Biology, ecology and behavior of the acoupa weakfish Cynoscion acoupa (Lacepade, , 1801) according to the local knowledge of fishermen in the northern coast of Brazil
زیست شناسی، بوم شناسی و رفتار acoupa weakfish Cynoscion acoupa (Lacepade، 1801) با توجه به دانش محلی ماهیگیران در سواحل شمالی برزیل-2020 Local ecological knowledge (LEK) of fishers and other actors involved in the fishery can be provide information
on the life cycle of fish species they harvest, help defining low-cost sampling projects, new biological hypotheses,
management activities and policy measures. This study focuses on fishers’ LEK on diet, feeding, spawning
grounds, reproductive size, exploited sizes and perceived changes in abundance over the years of the acoupa
weakfish (Cynoscion acoupa), a commercially important marine species. Results from interviews with 240 actors
(fishers, captains and boat owners) involved in C. acoupa fisheries in eight municipalities in the northern coast of
Brazil indicated that: (a) C. acoupa feeds in areas with rocky bottoms down to the depth of 30 m, eating mainly
fish, particularly another weakfish (Macrodon ancylodon) and sardines (Engraulidae); (b) this fish spawns in
rocky and non-estuarine habitats; (c) the spawning period mentioned by fishers coincided with the harvest
period, but was in disagreement with published scientific information; (d) the median minimum length of individuals
of C. acoupa carrying eggs according to interviews was of 70 cm, which was smaller than the length
reported in biological studies, possible due to the selectiveness of fishing; (e) there is an overall perception of a
decrease in the abundance of C. acoupa among the interviewed fishers, which is compatible with studies on stock
exploitation of this species. The current dearth of financial and human resources available for scientific research
underlines the importance of making use of LEK to improve fishery policy and management. Keywords: Fisheries management | Commercial fisheries | Fish reproduction | Stock abundance | Exploited sizes | Spawning periods |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Escape the lion cage: Social networks by catch zones of small-scale fisheries in the oil settlement of Lobitos (Peru)
فرار قفس شیر: شبکه های اجتماعی توسط مناطق گرفتن شیلات در مقیاس کوچک در حل و فصل نفت Lobitos (پرو)-2017 Artisanal fishing communities are often in conflict with the interests of the oil extraction industry, industrial
fishing fleets and tourism. This paper considers Lobitos, a fishing enclave in northern Peru, where the oldest oil
settlement in Latin America was established. The primary focus is community organization and development of
the fisheries. Using a mixed methods approach, intensive ethnographic observation and analysis of the social
networks of the skippers of small-scale fishing vessels was conducted by in-depth interviews with 30 artisanal
fishermen, together with a social network survey involving 43 boat captains in Lobitos. The results showed the
mistrust and negative attitudes of fishermen towards oil companies and the industrial fishing fleet. However,
they expressed positive expectations regarding tourism development, as well as favorable attitudes towards the
diversification of fishing activity through tourist services. The networks of acquaintances, social support and
exchange of ecological information allowed us to identify three different groups of fishermen according to
preferential fishing zones. The skippers of vessels that prefer to fish in intermediate zones have a prominent role,
both in terms of local leadership and through the connection with boats belonging to other bays near Lobitos.
This subgroup acts as an intermediary in the networks a whole and has an integrated vision of the coastal
ecosystem. Network measures and preferential fishing zones can be used as indicators to assess the degree of
availability and preparation for the implementation of new uses in the fisheries sector associated with tourism
and heritage.
Keywords: Artisanal fisheries | Social support networks | Local ecological knowledge | Oil industry | Tourism | Peru |
مقاله انگلیسی |