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نتیجه جستجو - Managerial discretion

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 7
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Accounting conservatism and corporate social responsibility
حسابداری محافظه کاری و مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکت-2021
We examine the association between accounting conservatism, expressed in the form of asymmetric timeliness of recognition of economic gains and losses, and corporate social responsibility (CSR). We provide evidence that, under unfavorable macroeconomic conditions and financial constraints, as well as increased levels of outside pressure from debtholders and equity holders, catering for capital providers through conservative reporting becomes a managerial priority over engagement in CSR. Our results overall indicate that, for our whole sample period (starting in the early 2000s), higher levels of conservatism are negatively associated with a CSR orientation shown by firms; however, our analysis also indicates a significant reversing trend regarding the effect of conservatism on CSR, coinciding with the post-financial-crisis period. The findings are robust to a number of specifications and tests, including the use of an instrumental variable approach explicitly addressing endogeneity biases related to reverse causality concerns. Our study suggests that, under monitoring pressure from financial stakeholders, firms prioritize commitment to accounting conservatism over the needs of non-financial stakeholders and other interest groups.
keywords: محافظه کاری حسابداری | مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکت | درآمد نامتقارن درآمد | اختیار مدیریتی | Accounting conservatism | Corporate social responsibility | Earnings asymmetric timeliness | Managerial discretion
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Loan loss provisioning by Italian banks: Managerial discretion, relationship banking, functional distance and bank risk
تأمین ضرر وام توسط بانکهای ایتالیایی: اختیارات مدیریتی ، روابط بانکی ، فاصله عملکردی و ریسک بانکی-2019
This paper investigates the loan loss provisioning behaviour of Italian banks during the period 2006–2013. We examine the main discretionary and non-discretionary determinants of loan loss provisions (LLPs) and explicitly investigate the role of banks functional distance, geographic diversification and risk. Empirical results suggest that LLPs by Italian banks are mainly driven by non-discretionary factors related to expected credit risk. Moreover, we find that distantly managed banks adopt a more prudent provisioning approach, whereas small local cooperative credit banks have a lower level of LLPs. We also show that LLPs are higher in regional banking systems with higher loan concentration and lower degree of competition. Finally, we find that banks facing increasing levels of risk are not only characterised by higher LLPs, but also have a higher tendency to engage in earnings management practices to stabilise their income flows over time.
Keywords: Loan loss provisions | Income smoothing | Bank regulation | Functional distance | Earnings volatility | Italian banks
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Earnings and capital management in European banks – Combining a multivariate regression with a qualitative comparative analysis
درآمد و مدیریت سرمایه در بانکهای اروپایی - ترکیب یک رگرسیون چند متغیره با تجزیه و تحلیل مقدماتی کیفی -2018
In this paper, we analyze the effects of the 2008 financial crisis and the ensuing sovereign debt crisis on the quality of financial reporting in European banks by investigating the existence of earnings and capital man agement. The sample comprises countries for which the debt crisis was more severe (Greece, Portugal, Ireland, and Italy) and two major European economies (France and Germany) for which the crisis was not as severe. The data analysis consists of a multivariate regression to examine the correlation between operating income and banks regulatory capital via loan loss provisions. Further, we use a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) that indicates causal paths for the loan loss provisions. The multivariate results indicate that bank managers use loan loss provisions to manage earnings and regulatory capital during the sample period. The findings do not provide clear evidence of a decrease in managerial discretion after the 2008 financial crisis. Nevertheless, in the severely affected countries, the results indicate that the level of earnings and capital management decreases. Further, fsQCA shows that loan loss provisions exist and that a banks size and its nonperforming loans can play key roles in their existence.
Keywords: Earnings and capital management ، Sovereign debt crisis ، Financial assistance ، Banking industry ، Multivariate regression ، fsQCA
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Exploring the link between internationalization of top management and accounting quality: The CFO’s international experience matters
بررسی ارتباط میان بین المللی بودن مدیریت ارشد و کیفیت حسابداری : تجربه مسائل بین المللی CFO -2017
This study examines whether and how top management internationalization is associated with accounting quality. We combine upper echelons perspectives, agency theory, human capital theory and accounting research, and demonstrate that top management internationalization mitigates the level of managerial discretion in financial reporting. By decomposing the top management team, our analysis reveals that higher levels of accounting quality are associated with the internationalization of the CFO, not the internationalization of the CEO. In particular, we find that CFO’s international education and international work experience are important factors in higher accounting quality.
Keywords: Top management teams | Top management demographics | International executives | Top management internationalization | Board nternationalization | CEO | CFO | Earnings management | Accounting quality
مقاله انگلیسی
5 The procyclicality of loan loss provisions in Islamic banks
چرخه مقررات زیان وام در بانک های اسلامی-2017
From a sample of Islamic banks around the world from 1997 to 2012, this paper exam ines whether loan loss provisioning in Islamic banks is procyclical. Our empirical findings highlight that loan loss provisioning in Islamic banks remains procyclical, although the ‘expected’ loan loss model (E-LLM) has been implemented for Islamic banks in several countries. A closer investigation further documents that Islamic banks also use loan loss provisions for discretionary managerial actions, especially related to capital management in which loan loss reserves and provisions are inflated when bank capitalization declines. Eventually, this paper highlights that higher capitalization can mitigate the procyclicality of loan loss provisions in Islamic banks. In other words, loan loss provisioning becomes coun tercyclical for Islamic banks with higher capitalization. This paper therefore casts doubts on the adoption of the E-LLM for Islamic banks to promote countercyclical effects, because the E-LLM may be influenced by managerial discretion, including opportunistic capital man agement using loan loss provisions that may undermine the importance of maintaining bank capitalization.
Keywords: Islamic banks | Loan loss provisions | Capital management | Procyclicality
مقاله انگلیسی
6 An exploratory study of food waste management practices in the UK grocery retail sector
مطالعه اکتشافی از شیوه های مدیریت زباله های مواد غذایی در بخش خرده فروشی خواربار در بریتانیا-2017
The grocery retail sector produces substantial amounts of food waste. Despite the growing public recognition of its negative socio-economic and environmental implications, the issue of food waste in supermarkets has been under-researched. In addition to a small number of studies, the focus has been on the quantification and characterisation of food waste streams in grocery retail. Little attention has been drawn to managerial attitudes and approaches to food waste mitigation. Managerial research is critical to aid in understanding how the issue of food waste is tackled on the ground. This paper plugs this knowledge gap by investigating how managers of major UK grocery retailers address the problem of food waste in their day-to-day operations. It adopts content analysis of corporate materials and a qualitative method of primary data collection and analysis to explore managerial attitudes and approaches to food waste mitigation in supermarkets of the South East Dorset conurbation (UK). The study demonstrates that, although the problem of food waste is recognised by UK grocery retailers, it is not seen as being of critical importance. In mitigation terms, while food waste recycling and price reductions are mainstream, food donations are ad-hoc and largely occur at managerial discretion. Poor consumer awareness, imperfect regulation, inflexible corporate polices and limited control over suppliers hamper more active involvement in food waste mitigation. Based on findings, policy-making and managerial recommenda tions on how to optimise food waste management practices in the UK grocery retail sector are revealed.
Keywords: Food waste | Grocery retail | Managerial practices | Supermarket | UK | Dorset
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Bank loan loss provisions research: A review
مطالبات نقدینگی وام در بانک: مرور-2017
We review the recent academic and policy literature on bank loan loss provisioning (LLP) to identify several advances in the literature, to highlight some challenges in LLP research and suggest possible directions for future research with some concluding remarks. Among other things, we observe some major advancement in country-specific and cross-country analyses and substantial interaction between LLPs and existing prudential, accounting, institutional firm characteristic, cultural, religious, tax and fiscal framework. We observe that managerial discretion in provisioning does not necessarily generate LLP estimates that reflect the true and underlying economic reality of banks credit risk exposure but rather managerial discretion in provisioning is strongly linked to income smoothing, capital management, signalling and other objectives. We also address several issues including the ethical dimensions of income smoothing, motivations and constrains to income smoothing, methodological issues in the bank loan loss provisions literature and the dynamic loan loss provisioning experiment. Moreover, we suggest several avenues for further research such as: finding a balance between sufficient LLPs which regulators want versus transparent LLPs which standard setters want; the sensitivity of abnormal (specific and general) LLPs to changes in equity; the persistence of abnormal LLPs following CEO exit; country-specific interventions that induce LLP procyclicality in emerging countries; investigating LLP behaviour in the post-financial crisis sample period; the impact of Basel III on banks provisioning discretion; LLP behaviour among systemic and non-systemic financial institutions; etc. We conclude that, because provisioning models are only as good as the assumptions underlying such models as well as the accuracy of the inputs included in such models, regulators need to pay attention to how much discretion banks and lending institutions should have in determining reported provision estimates, and this has been a long standing issue.
Keywords: Prudential regulation | Banks |Dynamic provisioning | Loan loss provisions | Income smoothing | Procyclicality | Capital management | Signalling | Ac counting discretion | Islamic banking
مقاله انگلیسی
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