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نتیجه جستجو - Methodological challenges

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 9
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Methodological and empirical challenges of SEEA EEA in developing contexts: Towards ecosystem service accounts in the Kyrgyz Republic
چالش های روش شناختی و تجربی SEEA EEA در زمینه های توسعه: به سمت حساب های خدمات اکوسیستم در جمهوری قرقیزستان-2021
The System of Environmental-Economic Accounting Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EEA) represents a crucial approach to incorporate the assessment of the sustainable use of natural resources and ecosystems into decision- and policy-making. However, its application is constrained by challenges distinct across specific implementation contexts, including those present in developing nations. In this paper, we focus on a pilot SEEA EEA application in a local-scale case study in Kyzyl Unkur, Jalal-Abad region, the Kyrgyz Republic, characterized by a unique natural walnut forest. We summarize key methodological and empirical challenges identified through collaboration with local experts and stakeholders during the compilation of Supply and Use tables for selected ecosystem services (ES) relevant at local, national and global levels. Specifically, we focus on the methodological challenges related to a) defining and assigning benefits for own consumption; b) delineating the chain of ES flows (e.g., fodder for farm animals); c) uncovering the relevance of carbon sequestration in developing nation contexts which are often minor greenhouse gas (GHG) emitters and demand for the service lies mostly beyond their boundaries. Among empirical challenges, we highlight the issues of data collection and availability. The aim of this communication is to provide lessons learnt from building SEEA EEA accounts in a developing, data-scarce context, potentially transferable to other similar applications.
keywords: حسابداری خدمات اکوسیستم | سیستم زیست محیطی و اقتصادی | حسابداری | کشور در حال توسعه | حسابداری زیست محیطی | Ecosystem service accounting | SYSTEM of Environmental and Economic | Accounting | Developing country | Environmental accounting
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Navigating the validity tradeoffs of entrepreneurship research experiments: A systematic review and best-practice suggestions
مرور در مبادلات اعتبار آزمایش تحقیق کارآفرینی: یک مرور سیستماتیک و پیشنهادات بهترین عمل-2019
Experimental methods provide important advantages for advancing academic understanding of entrepreneurship. Yet, the complex and comingled relationships between some of entrepreneurships key characteristics pose thorny methodological challenges to entrepreneurship researchers – notably to negotiate important tradeoffs between the ideals of external and construct validity. To facilitate the sound mobilization of experimental methods in entrepreneurship research, we present an overview of critical validity challenges plaguing entrepreneurship research experiments and assess the validation practices mobilized in 144 studies using such methods. Building on these findings, we develop a practical guide of actionable validation strategies to help experimenters navigate the above tradeoffs and conduct entrepreneurship research experiments that are realistic, theoretically meaningful, and that help establish the causal effects of their focal variables. By doing so, we contribute a set of pragmatic means to support the mobilization of experimental methods for advancing entrepreneurship research. Executive summary: Experimental methods hold important advantages for advancing the theoretical and practical understanding of entrepreneurial action. The power of research experiments lies in their ability to yield convincing evidence supporting the causal effects of the factors they investigate. Unfortunately, entrepreneurship research experiments are often criticized for offering pale copies of both the realities they attempt to model and the theoretical constructs they aim to study. The entrepreneurial process and its related activities count many intertwined characteristics – such as radical uncertainty, temporal dynamics, high personal stakes and other constraints – that can prove difficult to integrate in experimental studies. Moreover, these characteristics comingled relationships raise important tensions with experimental methods core principle of surgically focusing on the causal effects of a few manipulated variables. As a result, entrepreneurship research must overcome a number of validity challenges and tradeoffs in order to successfully leverage experimental methods and offer findings that convincingly support the causality of their theoretical developments. Compounding these difficulties, the guidance typically offered in research methods textbooks tends to focus on generic issues that are altogether separate from the specific challenges of conducting valid entrepreneurship research experiments. Because of this, many research manuscripts mobilizing experimental methods arrive at the review process with important shortcomings. This threatens the fields knowledge accumulation and typically calls for authors to refine their work and collect additional data.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship | Research methods | Experiments
مقاله انگلیسی
3 At close quarters: Combatting Facebook design, features and temporalities in social research
در چارک های نزدیک: مبارزه با طراحی فیس بوک، ویژگیها و زمانها در تحقیقات اجتماعی-2018
As researchers we often find ourselves grappling with social media platforms and data ‘at close quarters’. Although social media platforms were created for purposes other than academic research – which are apparent in their architecture and temporalities – they offer opportunities for researchers to repurpose them for the collection, generation and analysis of rich datasets. At the same time, this repurposing raises an evolving range of practical and methodological challenges at the small and large scale. We draw on our experiences and empirical data from two research projects, one using Facebook Community Pages and the other repurposing Facebook Activity Logs. This article reflects critically on the specific challenges we faced using these platform features, on their common roots, and the tactics we adopted in response. De Certeau’s distinction between strategy and tactics provides a useful framework for exploring these struggles as located in the practice of doing social research – which often ends up being tactical. This article argues that we have to collectively discuss, demystify and devise tactics to mitigate the strategies and temporalities deeply embedded in platforms, corresponding as far as possible to the temporalities and the aims of our research. Although combat at close quarters is inevitable in social media research, dialogue between researchers is more than ever needed to tip the scales in our favour.
Keywords: Facebook Community Pages | Facebook Activity Logs | social media research | platforms | tactics | temporalities
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Big data and urban system model - Substitutes or complements? A case study of modelling commuting patterns in Beijing
داده های بزرگ و مدل سیستم شهری - جایگزین یا تکمیل؟ مطالعه موردی مدل سازی الگوهای رفت و آمد در پکن-2018
The emergence of urban big data is transforming the existing research paradigms in urban studies. New theories and analytical methods are required to meet the methodological challenges. This paper empirically compares a data-driven approach and an urban-system-model approach through a case study of modelling the commuting patterns in Beijing. For the data-driven approach, the novel location-based-services (LBS) data are explored to identify the employment-residence location of the service users. For the modelling approach, a spatial equili brium model is calibrated for base year 2010 and is used to simulate the commuting patterns for Beijing 2015 based on exogenous development projections. The results of the two approaches are then compared against the benchmark statistics for Beijing 2015. The comparison shows that the LBS data perform better in detecting residence locations than employment locations. The model prediction fits better with the benchmark, while the errors of the LBS data tend to vary significantly across space. For amplifying the LBS sample data to represent the full population, uniform scale factor thus should be avoided. In addition, the ineffectiveness of representing short-distance commuting for the LBS data is revealed by the comparison with the model predicted flows. In light of the strength and weakness of the respective approach, the prospect of a collaborative use of big data and urban system models is explored in the conclusion.
Keywords: Big data ، Spatial equilibrium ، Land-use and transport model ، Commuting
مقاله انگلیسی
5 انتخاب محل سرمایه گذاری مستقیم خارجی: شواهد تجربی و چالش های روش شناختی
سال انتشار: 2017 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 21 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 58
انتخاب محل سرمایه گذاری مستقیم خارجی (FDI) توسط شرکت های چند ملیتی (MNEs ) , موضوعیست که دهه ها وشاید بیشتر مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است . با این حال، تنوع گسترده در رویکردهای روش شناسی و سطح تجزیه و تحلیل و همچنین شواهد تجربی مانع رسیدن به درکی جامع از این پدیده میشود . ما 153 مطالعه ی کمی را در محل سرمایه گذاری مستقیم خارجی را دربیش از چهار دهه 1976-2015 در رشته های متعدد، از جمله کسب و کار بین المللی، مدیریت , اقتصاد و مطالعات شهری و منطقه ای و جغرافیای اقتصادی , بررسسی و ارزیابی کردیم. مطالعه ی ما , تجزیه و تحلیل جامعی را از شواهد تجربی و پیامدهای روش شناسی برای تحقیق تجربی آینده در زمینه ی انتخاب محل FDI , ارایه میکند .
کلمات کلیدی : انتخاب محل سکونت | سرمایه گذاری مستقیم خارج | شهرهای جهانی | تراکم | تئوری نهادی | شواهد تجربی چالش های روش شناختی
مقاله ترجمه شده
6 Personality architecture and dynamics: The new agenda and whats new about it
معماری شخصیت و پویایی: دستور کار جدید و چه جدید در مورد آن-2017
This overview of the psychology of personality dynamics locates contemporary trends within the fields long his tory. Investigators of the 19th and 20th centuries are recognized as having identified scientific challenges that must be addressed today if one is to attain a comprehensive understanding of personality architecture and dy namics. We outline four themes that were highlighted by investigators of the past. We then consider how theo retical and methodological challenges associated with these themes are addressed by two contemporary models of personality architecture, dynamics, and functioning: the Knowledge-and-Appraisal Personality Architecture (KAPA model) and the social ecological perspective of Personal Projects Analysis (PPA).
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Sustainable tourism, progress, challenges and opportunities: introduction to this special volume
گردشگری پایدار، پیشرفت، چالشها و فرصت ها: مقدمه ای بر این جلد ویژه-2016
The term sustainable tourism emerged in the late 1980s and has become firmly established in both tourism policies and strategies and tourism research (Hall, 2011). After more than 25 years of attention it is timely to consider the state of research and practice in sustainable tourism. This special volume was established with exactly that goal in mind and this introduction seeks to set the context for this critical examination and reflection on sustainable tourism. Another objective of this introduction was to briefly describe the range of contributions selected for this SV. The articles are organised into four thematic areas of research: community stakeholders' perspectives and business approaches to sustainability in tourism, cultural responses, and methodological challenges related to sustainability. The articles shine a light on issues of importance within sustainable tourism, and in so doing, it is hoped that researchers from other disciplines and backgrounds are encouraged to consider investigating the inter-relationships between societal sustainability and tourism more broadly. The authors of this SV also sought to do something different from the majority of previous papers, which is to bring these issues to readers primarily concerned with sustainability rather than only with tourism. Before briefly discussing the contributions that make up the SV, this introduction provides a discussion of the inter-relationships between tourism and sustainability, a consideration of the ongoing challenges inherent in tackling sustainability and tourism, and a brief overview of the potential for tourism to contribute to the transformative changes required to move to truly sustainable societies. The introduction is concluded with an optimistic look into the future of sustainability-driven work in tourism.
Keywords: Sustainable tourism | Cultural responses | Community stakeholders | Business perspectives | Investigatory methods
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Methodological challenges collecting parent phone-call healthcare utilization data
چالش های روش شناختی جمع آوری تماس تلفنی والدین به منظور استفاده از داده های بهداشت و درمان-2016
Recommendations by the National Institute of Nursing Research and other groups have strongly encouraged nurses to pay greater attention to cost-effectiveness analysis when conducting research. Given the increasing prominence of translational science and comparative effective research, cost-effective analysis has become a basic tool in determining intervention value in research. Tracking phone-call communication (number of calls and context) with cross-checks between parents and healthcare providers is an example of this type of healthcare utilization data collection. This article identifies some methodological challenges that have emerged in the process of collecting this type of data in a randomized controlled trial: Parent education Through Simulation-Diabetes (PETS-D). We also describe ways in which those challenges have been addressed with comparison data results, and make recommendations for future research.
Keywords: Clinical research | Cost-effective analysis | Healthcare utilization data | Methodological challenges | Randomized controlled trial | Smartphone applications
مقاله انگلیسی
9 Financial accounting in the banking industry: A review of the empirical literature
حسابداری مالی در صنعت بانکداری: مروری بر ادبیات تجربی-2014
We survey research on banks' financial accounting. After providing a brief background of the theoretical models and accounting and regulatory institutions underlying the bank accounting literature, we review three streams of empirical research. Specifically we review studies associating bank financial reporting with the valuation and risk assessments, associating bank financial reporting discretion with regulatory capital and earnings management, and examining banks’ economic decisions under differing accounting regimes. We discuss what we have already learned and about what else we would like to know. We also discuss methodological challenges associated with predicting the effects of alternative accounting and regulatory capital regimes. Keywords: Financial accounting Bank regulatory capital Information asymmetry
مقاله انگلیسی
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