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نتیجه جستجو - Motivations

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 111
ردیف عنوان نوع
21 Ethical implications of network data in business and management settings
پیامدهای اخلاقی داده های شبکه در تنظیمات کسب و کار و مدیریت-2020
Reflecting on the compilation and analysis of a range of network datasets drawn from our own work and some prominent examples, we consider the ethical challenges in dealing with network data in business and management settings. We argue that the managerial processes that characterize such settings introduce particular ethical sensitivities in the stages of commissioning and research design, and when collecting, analyzing and reporting network data. These sensitivities arise from the imperatives of business, motivations for commissioning network analyses and the legal authority that managers have over employees. We argue that ethical considerations are much more pervasive in business and management network research than in many other fields.In this contribution, we present a range of ethical challenges in network research in business and management settings that arise at several stages of the research process. For each issue identified, we describe the ethical problem and propose mitigation remedies. From this reflection, we suggest guidelines for other researchers to consider when designing research projects in this application area.
Keywords: Research ethics | Business networks | Business and management | Organisational networks | Social network analysis
مقاله انگلیسی
22 Driverless vehicle security: Challenges and future research opportunities
امنیت وسیله نقلیه بدون راننده: چالش ها و فرصت های تحقیقاتی آینده-2020
As self-driving vehicles become increasingly popular, new generations of attackers will seek to exploit vulnerabilities introduced by the technologies that underpin such vehicles for a range of motivations (e.g. curiosity, criminally-motivated, financially-motivated and state-sponsored). For example, vulnerabilities in self-driving vehicles may be exploited to be used in terrorist attacks such as driving into places of mass gatherings (i.e. using driverless vehicles as weapons to cause death or serious bodily injury). This survey presents a categorized summary of security methodologies developed to secure sensing, positioning, vision, and network technologies that can be equipped in driverless-vehicles. These technologies have the potential to benefit their security from tailored machine learning models. Future research opportunities are also identified.
Keywords: Self-driving vehicles | Driverless vehicles | Intrusion detection | Network security | Autonomy and trust
مقاله انگلیسی
23 AI-Assisted Knowledge-Defined Network Orchestration for Energy-Efficient Data Center Networks
ارکستراسیون شبکه تعریف شده توسط دانش به کمک هوش مصنوعی برای شبکه های مرکز داده با مصرف انرژی-2020
In this article, we discuss the design and implementation of a novel DCN system, which utilizes a knowledge-defined NO-M to operate a HOEDCN cost-effectively and energy-efficiently. The motivations behind the proposed HOE-DCN system are the urgent need to address the scalability, energy, and manageability issues in existing DCN systems. To realize the knowledge-defined NO-M, we follow the principle of predictive analytics in the human brain to design three artificial intelligence modules based on deep learning and make them operate collaboratively. The proposed HOE-DCN system is implemented in a network testbed, and we conduct experiments that involve both control and data plane operations to demonstrate its advantages. The experimental results show that the HOE-DCN simultaneously achieves high-performance service provisioning and improved energy efficiency. Furthermore, by analyzing the pros and cons of the HOE-DCN system, we also point out several directions to work on in the future.
مقاله انگلیسی
24 Working the crowd for forensic research: A review of contributor motivation and recruitment strategies used in crowdsourcing and crowdfunding for scientific research
کارکردن جمعیتی برای تحقیقات پزشکی قانونی: مروری بر انگیزه مشارکت کنندگان و استراتژی های استخدام مورد استفاده در منابع عمومی و سرمایه گذاری جمعی برای تحقیقات علمی-2020
Crowdsourcing and crowdfunding have been successfully used in a range of scientific disciplines and present opportunities for forensic researchers to draw on the power of large numbers of people to contribute to research projects through participation or by providing an alternative source of funding. This review aimed to examine whether contributors to crowd science and crowdfunding for scientific research are motivated to participate or provide financial support by the same factors, and to examine recruitment strategies in an attempt to identify a potential crowd for forensic researchers to approach. There was found to be limited research into crowdfunding for scientific research that addressed the motivations of contributors or recruitment strategies used, and no conclusions could be made. There is a need to overcome low response rates and high attrition over the lifetime of a crowd science project or crowdfunding appeal. It is necessary to target a large number of people who are interested in the subject studied and who want to make a difference in some way and contribute to science. True crime podcast audiences are proposed as they present large numbers of listeners who are interested in forensic science, criminal investigation or law enforcement. These audiences have been targeted for successful fundraising efforts and invitations to participate in crowd activities previously. They should be considered by forensic researchers who are looking to venture into crowdsourcing or crowdfunding for research projects.
Keywords: Crowdsourcing | Crowdfunding | Scientific research | Citizen science | True crime podcasts
مقاله انگلیسی
25 Food refusal as a protest tool. Hunger strikes in Belgian prisons during the interwar period
امتناع غذا به عنوان ابزاری اعتراضی. اعتصاب غذا در زندان های بلژیک در دوره میان جنگ-2020
In studies on resistance and protest, empirical research tends to concentrate on collective forms of action, those organised within social movements or by resistance groups. As such, research into the protest tactic of hunger strikes suffers from the same ailment. While there is ample historical study into hunger strikes by the suffragettes or the IRA, the actions of individuals without any connection to political movements have mostly been left unnoticed – although they tended to outnumber the former, especially in prisons where hunger strikes are in a way a measure of last resort. This paper investigates hunger strikes of individual detainees in Belgian prisons during the interwar period, a time of transformation in the penitentiary system and changings views on crime and the criminal. Through a critical reading of prisoner files of the prison of Forest, this study analyses the motivations of prisoners to start a hunger strike and the reactions and sanctions of the prison authorities. Findings reveal that going on a hunger strike, or simply not eating, was sufficient to label prisoners as mentally ill and transfer them into the psychiatric ward. If the prisoner could not be convinced to eat, the hunger strike was almost always terminated by forcibly feeding the detainee. As this was done to prisoners whose life was not in danger and with the brutal use of rectal feeding, I argue that force feeding was also a means to discipline detainees.
مقاله انگلیسی
26 تأثیر ویروس کرونا بر سلامت روان: نقش¬های تعاملی بیوتایپ های مغزی و ارتباط انسانی
سال انتشار: 2020 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 4 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 12
کوید 19 نیز همراستا با راهبردهای تسکین بخش مورد استفاده برای مقابله با تهدید ها ویروس در زمینه سلامتی روانی فردی و جمعی ما مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. با توجه به رشد و تداوم بحران، برای انجمن های تحقیقاتی بسیار مهم است که مطالعاتی را در جهت پوشش پیامد های سلامت روانی ناشی از ویروس کرونا انجام دهند. مسبب اثرات سو روانی ویروس کرونا، چند عاملی بودن آن از جمله عوامل بیولوژیکی، رفتاری و محیطی است. ما به این نتیجه رسیدیم که بحران کرونا به طور قابل توجهی نیازهای مرتبط با روابط انسانی ما را تحت تاثیر قرار داده است و به عنوان یک عامل محیطی مهم مطرح است که می تواند زمینه ساز تضعیف سلامت روانی باشد. علاوه بر این «سبک های ذهنی» که قبلا آنها را به عنوان « بیوتایپ ها» مفهوم سازی کردیم و به صورت یک طبقه بندی عصبی آن ها را شناختیم، این ممکن است با تهدید جهانی نیازهای ما در زمینه روابط انسانی و تشریح عواقب سلامت روانی ویروس کرونا از دیدگاه روانپزشکی مرتبط باشد. هدف اتخاذ این دیدگاه آگاهی دادن در مورد عواقب سلامت روانی ناشی از ویروس کرونا از دیدگاه فردی و مبتنی بر دیدگاه ذهنی است که تهدیدی عمیق را که ویروس برای غریز ه های بنیادی انسانی ما ایجاد می کند، ارج می نهد.
کلمات کلیدی: COVID-19 | روانپزشکی دقیق | داروی شخصی | طبقه بندی های عصبی | ارتباط اجتماعی
مقاله ترجمه شده
27 Motivating factors of social entrepreneurs: Evidences from Gujarat, India
عوامل محرک کارآفرینان اجتماعی: شواهدی از گجرات ، هند-2020
Social entrepreneurship is a relatively new academic subject and, despite the growing interest it generates in the literature, there is a diversity of definitions and approaches. The theoretical understanding of the concept based on different schools of thought of these actors is compared in this paper. The objective of this paper is to examine the motivation factors that have influenced social entrepreneurs to launch their social ventures. We study the entrepreneurial motivation of fifty social entrepreneurs collected by using a survey method with the help of a questionnaire. Findings revealed that respondents are motivated not only at an individual level (personal needs) but also at a social level through the recognition of social needs. The contributions of the study not only adds value to the theory with regard to motivation factors that influence social entrepreneurial action, but also helps the academicians, practitioners and also impact investors to strengthen the field.© 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Conference on Newer Trends and Innovation in Mechanical Engineering: Materials Science.
Keywords: Social entrepreneurship | Motivations | Social innovation | Social venture | And impact
مقاله انگلیسی
28 The diverse motivations of citizen scientists: Does conservation emphasis grow as volunteer participation progresses?
انگیزه های متنوع دانشمندان شهروند: آیا با پیشرفت مشارکت داوطلبانه ، تأکید بر حفظ رشد می یابد؟-2020
Citizen science has proven to be a valuable tool for biodiversity conservation. However, to maximize the conservation benefits of citizen science programs, researchers and practitioners would gain from a better understanding of project volunteers and what drives them to participate. We examined the diverse motivations of volunteers (n = 3041) participating in Audubons Christmas Bird Count, one of the worlds oldest ecological monitoring citizen (or community) science projects. Principal axis factor analysis along a 16-item scale revealed six distinct intrinsic and extrinsic motivational constructs: science and conservation, outdoor recreation and discovery, commitment and tradition, social interaction, classic birding, and personal accomplishment. Most participants reported multiple motivations, but 40% indicated contribution to science and conservation was their primary reason for initially engaging with the project. As project participation continued, science and conservation-related motives became even more important (with 55% listing as primary continuing motivation). Regression analyses showed motivational orientations varied by socio-demographic attributes and levels/type of project participation. For example, social interaction and tradition were more important to aspiring project leaders than casual observers. Results highlight insights into deepening project engagement and recruiting and retaining citizen scientists. Adapted and applied across different contexts, our instrument and motivational constructs could help to facilitate volunteer management and enhance citizen sciences capacity to advance biodiversity conservation goals.
Keywords: Citizen science | Community science | Conservation outcomes | Motivations | Social interaction | Volunteer management
مقاله انگلیسی
29 Motivations, business structures, and management intentions of large family forest landowners: A case study in the U:S: South
انگیزه ها ، ساختارهای تجاری و اهداف مدیریتی صاحبان زمین های جنگل های خانوادگی بزرگ: یک مطالعه موردی در جنوب ایالات متحده-2020
A case study approach was used to better understand the characteristics of large family forest landowners in theU.S. South. In particular, this study examines these landowners business structures, extent of ownership, and management objectives. Large family forest landowners were defined as families or family businesses owning large tracts of forested land. Using the theoretical framework of the socioemotional wealth model, we identified and interviewed 36 family forest landowners with large landholdings (a total of 1.37 million acres and an average of 37,000 acres per owner), recorded and transcribed discussions, and analyzed the results using a grounded theory approach. Findings suggested that in addition to financial benefits, the landowners derived socioemotional benefits from the land, such as a sense of identity associated with the land and its history and the value of passing it on to future generations. These nonfinancial benefits coupled with large landholdings could lead to the adoption of business structures to maintain the land as a consolidated unit. The results of this study show that business structures of large family forest landowners may indicate motivations for managing the land and intentions for long-term ownership of the land.
Keywords: Private forests | Socioemotional wealth | Ownership structures | Family businesses | Nonfinancial benefits
مقاله انگلیسی
30 A data mining-based method for revealing occupant behavior patterns in using mechanical ventilation systems of Dutch dwellings
یک روش مبتنی بر داده کاوی برای آشکار کردن الگوهای رفتاری سرنشینان در استفاده از سیستمهای تهویه مکانیکی مسکن هلند-2019
Occupant behaviors influence the energy consumption of dwelling mechanical ventilation systems sig- nificantly. There is still a lack of effective method to analyze the occupant behaviors in adjusting the mechanical ventilation systems in buildings. Therefore, this study proposes a data mining-based method to reveal the occupant behavior patterns and the motivations behind. A first derivative Gaussian filter- based approach is developed to detect when an occupant increases or decreases the mechanical venti- lation flowrate without direct measurements. A logistic regression-based statistical analysis approach is developed to find the crucial factors influencing the behaviors of increasing and decreasing ventilation flowrate. A K-means clustering-based analysis approach is introduced to further find the motivations be- hind the behaviors. The proposed data mining-based method discovers the ventilation behaviors and the crucial factors influencing them successfully for the occupants from the 10 dwellings located in a Dutch community. The motivation patterns of the ventilation flowrate adjustment behaviors are further revealed based on the discovered crucial factors. The discovered insights are useful to provide more accurate as- sumptions and inputs for the mechanical ventilation system models. It is also helpful to generate tailored design, refurbishment and control strategies.
Keywords: Data mining | Occupant behavior pattern | Mechanical ventilation system | Dwelling
مقاله انگلیسی
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