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نتیجه جستجو - Multidisciplinary

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 69
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Quantum Information Science
علم اطلاعات کوانتومی-2022
Quantum computing is implicated as a next-generation solution to supplement traditional von Neumann architectures in an era of post-Moore’s law computing. As classical computational infrastructure becomes more limited, quantum platforms offer expandability in terms of scale, energy consumption, and native 3-D problem modeling. Quantum information science is a multidisciplinary field drawing from physics, mathematics, computer science, and photonics. Quantum systems are expressed with the properties of superposition and entanglement, evolved indirectly with operators (ladder operators, master equations, neural operators, and quantum walks), and transmitted (via quantum teleportation) with entanglement generation, operator size manipulation, and error correction protocols. This article discusses emerging applications in quantum cryptography, quantum machine learning, quantum finance, quantum neuroscience, quantum networks, and quantum error correction.
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مقاله انگلیسی
2 Radiography of human dry bones: A reflective account with recommendations for practice
رادیوگرافی استخوان های خشک انسان: یک حساب بازتابنده با توصیه های عملیاتی-2021
Introduction: This study presents the reflective account of a large-scale radiographic survey of medieval and post-medieval long bones from St Albans, United Kingdom. As a practicing diagnostic radiographer and archaeologist, the author sought to apply experiential learning to generate recommendations for archaeological and forensic radiography practice. The purpose of the imaging was to identify Harris lines for biological stress, however this reflective piece concerns the adaptation of clinical radiographic technique for human dry bones.
Methods: Imaging took place over five sessions in early 2021 with the assistance of an osteoarchaeologist. Radiography followed standard clinical views (anterior-posterior and medio-lateral) of femora, humeri, radii and tibiae using a digital radiography system. A workplace diary was used to record challenges, solutions and musings related to radiographic technique. The Rolfe, Freshwater and Jasper reflective model was applied to collate and present findings.
Results: A total of 502 radiographs of 426 long bones (92 individuals) were acquired. A multidisciplinary team was found to be essential for correct identification of anatomy, laterality and orientation of remains during the survey. Anterior-posterior views were easiest to achieve, with medio-lateral imaging requiring considerably more effort. Radiolucent sponge supports were necessary, although fragmented remains were often impossible to position accurately. Hands-on experience of human bones improved the authors knowledge and confidence with osteology.
Conclusion: Although limited to selective long bones of archaeological context and personal experience, the findings of this study have direct applications for forensic radiography practice. This includes use of a multidisciplinary team, robust workflow with integrated failsafe checks, consistent imaging approach and the application of radiolucent sponge supports.
Implications for practice: Recommendations within this study may contribute towards a comprehensive guide for radiographic technique for human dry bones.
keywords: باستان شناسی | پزشک قانونی | جریان کار | چند رشته ای | استئولوژی | تکنیک | Archaeology | Forensic | Workflow | Multidisciplinary | Osteology | Technique
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Resident Opioid Prescribing Habits Do Not Reflect Best Practices in Post-Operative Pain Management: An Assessment of the Knowledge and Education Gap
عادت های تجویز داروهای ساکن، بهترین شیوه ها را در مدیریت درد پس از عمل منعکس نمی کنند: ارزیابی شکاف دانش و آموزش-2021
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate deficiencies in knowledge and education in opioid prescribing and to compare surgical resident opioid-prescribing practices to Opioid Prescribing Engagement Network (OPEN) procedure-specific guidelines.
DESIGN: Anonymous web-based survey distributed to all general surgery residents to evaluate prior education received and confidence in knowledge in opioid prescribing. The number of 5 milligram oxycodone tablets prescribed for common procedures was assessed and compared with OPEN for significance using Wilcoxon signed rank tests.
SETTING: General surgery residency program within large university-based tertiary medical center. PARTICIPANTS: Categorical general surgery residents of all postgraduate years.
RESULTS: Fifty-six of 72 (78%) categorical residents completed the survey. Few reported receiving formal education in opioid prescribing in medical school (32%) or residency (16%). While 82% of residents felt confident in opioid side effects, fewer felt the same with regards to opioid pharmacokinetics (36%) or proper opioid disposal (29%). Opioids prescribed varied widely with residents prescribing significantly more than recommended by OPEN in 9 of 14 procedures.
CONCLUSIONS: Tackling the evolving opioid epidemic requires a multidisciplinary approach that addresses prescribing at all steps of the process, starting with trainee education.
KEY WORDS: Opioid Epidemic | Opioid Prescribing Engagement Network | Surgical Education | Resident Education
COMPETENCIES: Patient Care, Medical Knowledge, Practice-Based Learning and Improvement
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Financial management skills of nurse managers in the Eastern Region of Ghana
مهارت های مدیریت مالی مدیران پرستاری در منطقه شرقی غنا-2021
Background: Ghana’s healthcare sectors are faced with several financial challenges due to increased funding cuts and delayed reimbursement from the National Health Insurance Authority (NHIA). This has necessitated nurse manager to build financial management skills to enable them to lead in the provision of effective and efficient care while reducing cost. This demands adequate knowledge and skills in financial management. The study examined the financial management skills of nurse managers at the unit level. Methods: A quantitative approach using a cross-sectional design was employed using the census approach to collect data from 121 nurse managers in ten hospitals in the Eastern Region of Ghana. Data analyses were performed using descriptive and linear regression analyses. Findings: Nurse managers showed a moderate level of knowledge and skills in financial management. Age, gender, qualification, experience as a nurse manager, and training in management jointly predicted nurse managerss’ financial management (R2 = 0.12, p = 0.029). However, only training in management significantly contributed to the financial skills of nurse managers. Conclusion: Nurse managers play a significant role in the financial management of hospitals but have inadequate knowledge, skills, and competence in financial management. Recommendations include well-structured training and education on financial management using a multidisciplinary approach to enable nurse managers to gain the required knowledge and skills. Continuous experiential learning and mentorship programs should be developed for nurses before the assumption of management positions.
keywords: مدیر پرستار | مهارت های مدیریت مالی | غنا | Nurse manager | Financial management skills | Ghana
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Remote measurement of building usable floor area – Algorithms fusion
اندازه گیری از راه دور مساحت قابل استفاده ساختمان - ترکیب الگوریتم ها-2021
Rapid changes that are taking place in the urban environment have significant impact on urban growth. Most cities and urban regions all over the world compete to increase resident and visitor satisfaction. The growing requirements and rapidity of introducing new technologies to all aspects of residents’ lives force cities and urban regions to implement "smart cities" concepts in their activities. Real estate is one of the principal anthropogenic components of urban environment thus become a subject of thorough multidisciplinary analysis in the field of data requiring spatial information systems. Recent advances in information technology, combined with the increased availability of high-resolution imagery from Earth observation, create an opportunity to use new sources of data that enable to identify, monitor, and solved many of urban environmental problem. The aim of the paper is to elaborate precise, complete and detailed property information with the use of remote sensing observations in a suitable numerical algorithm. The authors concentrate on providing one of the most important, and probably the most lacking, feature describing properties – building usable floor area (BUFA). The solution is elaborated in the form of an automatic algorithm based on machine learning and computer vision technology related to LiDAR (big data), close range images with respect to spatial information systems requirements. The obtained results related to BUFA estimation in comparison to the state-of-the-art results are satisfactory and may increase the reliability of decision-making in investment, fiscal, registration and planning aspects.
Keywords: Building usable floor area | Machine learning | Computer vision | Fuzzy theory | Measurement data processing | Algorithms fusion
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Exploiting knowledge graphs in industrial products and services: A survey of key aspects, challenges, and future perspectives
بهره برداری از نمودارهای دانش در محصولات صنعتی و خدمات: بررسی جنبه های کلیدی، چالش ها و دیدگاه های آینده-2021
The rapid development of information and communication technologies has enabled a value co-creation paradigm for developing industrial products and services, where massive heterogeneous data and multidisciplinary knowledge are generated and leveraged. In this context, Knowledge Graph (KG) emerges as a promising tool to elicit, fuse, process, and utilize numerous entities and relationships embedded in products and services, as well as their stakeholders. Nevertheless, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is scarcely any comprehensive and thorough discussion about making full use of KG’s potentials to solve pain points of product development and service innovation in the industry. Aiming to fill this gap, this paper conducted a systematic survey of KG exploitations in industrial products and services and the customizations towards higher adaptability to practices. The authors selected 119 representative papers (up to 10/03/2021) together with other 29 supplementary works to summarize the technical and practical efforts and discuss the current challenges of exploiting KG in industrial products and services. Meantime, this work also highlights enhancing KG’s availability and boosting its productivity in industrial products and services development as the core future perspectives to explore. It is hoped that this work can provide a basis for the explorations and implementations of KG-supported industrial product and services development, and attract more open discussions to the exploitation of KG-enabled industrial information systems.
keywords: گراف دانش | توسعه محصول | نوآوری خدمات | مدیریت دانش | سیستم های خدمات محصول | مرور | Knowledge graph | Product development | Service innovation | Knowledge management | Product-service systems | Review
مقاله انگلیسی
7 پیامدهای استفاده از هوش مصنوعی در حکمرانی عمومی: بررسی پیشینه نظام‌مند و دستور کار تحقیقاتی
سال انتشار: 2021 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 19 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 72
برای پایه‌گذاری موضوع ویژه‌ای که این مقاله تحقیقاتی معرفی می‌کند، ما 1) مروری نظام‌مند از پیشینه موجود در مورد پیامدهای استفاده از هوش مصنوعی (AI) در حاکمیت عمومی و 2 ) یک دستور کار تحقیقاتی را ارائه می‌کنیم. اول، ارزیابی بر اساس 26 مقاله در مورد این موضوع، تحقیقات اکتشافی، مفهومی، کیفی و عمل محور بسیاری را در مطالعات نشان می‌دهد که پیچیدگی‌های روزافزون استفاده از هوش مصنوعی در دولت را منعکس می‌کند - و پیامدها، فرصت ها و خطرات ناشی از آن برای حاکمیت عمومی نمایان می‌کند. دوم، بر اساس بررسی پیشینه و تجزیه و تحلیل مقالات موجود در این شماره ویژه، ما یک دستور کار تحقیقاتی شامل هشت توصیه مرتبط با فرآیند و هفت توصیه مرتبط با محتوا را پیشنهاد می‌کنیم. از لحاظ فرآیندی، تحقیقات آینده در مورد پیامدهای استفاده از هوش مصنوعی برای حکمرانی عمومی باید به سمت تحقیقات بیشتر متمرکز بر بخش عمومی، تجربی، چند رشته‌ای و توضیحی حرکت کند و در عین حال بیشتر بر اشکال خاص هوش مصنوعی تمرکز کند تا به طور کلی هوش مصنوعی. از نظر محتوا، دستور کار تحقیقاتی ما مستلزم ایجاد مبانی نظری محکم، چند رشته‌ای برای استفاده از هوش مصنوعی برای حکمرانی عمومی، و همچنین بررسی اجرای مؤثر، مشارکت و برنامه‌های ارتباطی برای راهبرد‌های دولت در استفاده از هوش مصنوعی در بخش عمومی است. در نهایت، دستور کار تحقیقاتی خواستار تحقیق در مورد مدیریت خطرات استفاده از هوش مصنوعی در بخش عمومی، حالت‌های حکمرانی ممکن برای استفاده از هوش مصنوعی در بخش عمومی، سنجش عملکرد و تأثیر استفاده از هوش مصنوعی در دولت، و ارزیابی تأثیر مقیاس‌پذیری استفاده از هوش مصنوعی در بخش دولتی است.
کلمات کلیدی : حکمرانی عمومی | هوش مصنوعی | هوش مصنوعی برای دولت | بخش عمومی | دولت دیجیتال | بررسی پیشینه نظام‌مند | دستور کار تحقیق
مقاله ترجمه شده
8 Role and knowledge of critical care nurses in the assessment and management of hypophosphataemia and refeeding syndrome: A descriptive exploratory study
نقش و شناخت پرستاران مراقبت های ویژه در ارزیابی و مدیریت هیپوفسفاتهمی و سندرم ریزش شده:یک مطالعه اکتشافی توصیفی-2021
Objective: To assess the perceived and actual role of critical care nurses in nutritional care, and their knowledge regarding the identification and management of hypophosphataemia and refeeding syndrome. Design and methods: Data were collected in one intensive care unit in Israel, from a self-administered questionnaire completed by 42 critical care nurses. The questionnaire was designed to assess their perceived and actual roles in the administration of nutritional care, and knowledge regarding electrolyte monitoring, hypophosphataemia and refeeding syndrome, including risk factors, consequences, and treatment.
Results: The majority participants that dieticians are solely responsible for nutrition care and follow-up. Most agreed that the measurement of phosphate levels was not important and that patients should receive full nutrition upon admission, while important risk factors for the development of refeeding syndrome were not recognised or considered. This informed their actual practice. A correlation was found between nurses’ knowledge and their actual practice so that the greater the nurses’ knowledge, the more they adhered to current nutrition guidelines (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: This study revealed critical care nurses’ lack of clarity of their role and lack of knowledge regarding nutrition care. We suggest that this complex task is best managed by a multidisciplinary team, including nurses and dieticians, with clear role definitions.
keywords: پرستاری مراقبت های ویژه | مطالعه اکتشافی توصیفی | هیپوفسفاتیه | سندرم ریزش | Critical care nursing | Descriptive exploratory study | Hypophosphataemia | Refeeding syndrome
مقاله انگلیسی
9 A brief review on recent development of multidisciplinary engineering in fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
مروری کوتاه بر توسعه اخیر مهندسی چند رشته ای در تخمیر ساکارومایسس سرویزیه-2021
Fermentation technology has unprecedented potential to upgrade state-of-art biotechnology and refine the processes used in existing ones, taking into account of complex technical, economic and environmental factors. Given the economic importance and ongoing challenges of biotech sector, multidisciplinary engineering technologies is poised to become an increasingly important tool along with the emergence of modern technology and innovation. This article reviews recent technology advancement in the field of fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Interesting research progress has been made by leveraging multiple engineering fields such as electrical engineering, information engineering, electrochemical engineering and new material development, leading to recent development of novel real-time probes (electronic nose technology, analysis of yeast morphology and metabolites, timely control of glucose feed), improved understanding of electro-fermentation (enhanced electronic transfer provision), as well as application of cost-effective and sustainable materials (bioreactor vessel manufactured from textile, and yeast immobilization support matrix made from abundant natural biomass). To the best of our knowledge, the subject is reviewed for the first time in recent years. Furthermore, this review also constitutes a futuristic S. cerevisiae fermentation process based on the recent advancement discussed.
Keywords: Probes | Bioprocess | Electro-fermentation | Materials | Process analytical technology
مقاله انگلیسی
10 Multidisciplinary and Interdisciplinary Teaching in the Utrecht AI Program: Why and How?
آموزش چند رشته ای و میان رشته ای در برنامه هوش مصنوعی Utrecht : چرا و چگونه؟-2020
MULTIDISCIPLINARY AND INTERDISCIPLINARY education can provide relevant insights into ubiquitous computing and other fields.1 In this article, we share our experience with multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary teaching in the twoyear Artificial Intelligence Research Master’s program at Utrecht University, the Netherlands. In particular, we zoom in on our motivation for, and experience with, revising courses in which nonengineering topics can be related to a more engineering inclined audience, and vice-versa.
مقاله انگلیسی
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