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A novel globular C1q domain containing protein (C1qDC-7) from Crassostrea gigas acts as pattern recognition receptor with broad recognition spectrum
A novel globular C1q domain containing protein (C1qDC-7) from Crassostrea gigas acts as pattern recognition receptor with broad recognition spectrum-2019 The globular C1q domain containing (C1qDC) proteins are a family of versatile pattern recognition receptors
(PRRs) to bind various ligands by their globular C1q (gC1q) domain. In the present study, a novel globular
C1qDC (CgC1qDC-7) was characterized from Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. The open reading frame of
CgC1qDC-7 was of 555 bp, encoding a polypeptide of 185 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that
CgC1qDC-7 shared high homology with C1qDCs from Crassostrea virginica, Mytilus galloprovincialis, and
Mizuhopecten yessoensis. The mRNA transcripts of CgC1qDC-7 were widely expressed in all the tested tissues
including mantle, gonad, gills, adductor muscle, hemocytes, hepatopancreas and labial palps, with the highest
expression level in hemocytes and gills. The recombinant protein of CgC1qDC-7 (rCgC1qDC-7) exhibited binding
activity towards Gram-negative bacteria (Vibrio splendidus, V. anguillarum, Escherichia coli, V. alginolyticus, and
Aeromonas hydrophila), Gram-positive bacteria (Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcus aureus) and fungi (Pichia
pastoris and Yarrowia lipolytica), and displayed strongest binding affinity towards Gram-negative bacteria V.
splendidus and V. anguillarum. It also exhibited affinity to vital pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs),
such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycan (PGN), mannan (MAN) and Poly (I:C) with high affinity towards
LPS and PGN, and low affinity to MAN and Poly (I:C). These results collectively indicated that CgC1qDC-7 was a
novel PRR in C. gigas with high binding affinity towards LPS and PGN as well as Gram-negative bacteria Keywords: Crassostrea gigas | C1q domain containing proteins | Pattern recognition receptors | Gram-negative bacteria recognition |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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A novel LRR and Ig domain-containing protein could function as an immune effector in Crassostrea gigas
پروتئین حاوی دامنه LRR و Ig حاوی Ig می تواند به عنوان یک مؤثر از سیستم ایمنی در گیگهای Crassostrea عمل کند-2019 A variety of combinations of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) and immunoglobulin-like (Ig) domains have been found
and discovered in invertebrates and vertebrates, but the functions remain largely unexplored. In the present
study, a novel LRR and Ig domain-containing protein (LRRIG), CgLRRIG-3, was identified and characterized
from oyster Crassostrea gigas. It contained two typical LRR motifs, a LRRNT motif and an Ig domain and PSIBALST
and phylogeny analysis revealed that the sequence of CgLRRIG-3 was most related with leucine-rich
repeat neuronal 1 proteins from vertebrate. Its mRNA transcripts were constitutively expressed in muscle, gill,
hepatopancreas, mantle, gonad and hemocytes with the highest level in hepatopancreas. The mRNA expression
level of CgLRRIG-3 in hemocytes could respond to the stimulations of variety PAMPs including lipopolysaccharide
(LPS), peptidoglycan (PGN), glucan (GLU) and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C). The recombinant
proteins exhibited a wide PAMP binding repertoire to four typical PAMPs and could significantly
induce the expression of CgTNF-1 and CgIL17-5 as well as increase phagocytosis in primary cultured oyster
hemocytes. In hepatopancreas, CgLRRIG-3 was mainly distributed in the basolateral membrane of digestive
tubule and the hemocoel sinusoid between the digestive tubules. And in hemocytes, the positive signal was
mainly distributed in a special group of granulocytes. These results collectively indicated that CgLRRIG-3 could
not only function as an immune effector. Keywords: Crassostrea gigas | Leucine-rich repeat domain | Immunoglobulin domain | LRRIG | Pattern recognition receptor | Immune effector |
مقاله انگلیسی |
3 |
The transcriptomic expression of pattern recognition receptors: Insight into molecular recognition of various invading pathogens in Oyster Crassostrea gigas
The transcriptomic expression of pattern recognition receptors: Insight into molecular recognition of various invading pathogens in Oyster Crassostrea gigas-2019 Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are essential in recognizing specific pathogen-associated molecular patterns
(PAMPs) on microbes and triggering responses to eliminate the invading pathogens. Previous genomic studies
have revealed a great number of PRR genes in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, a sessile and filter-feeder
marine bivalve belonging to the phylum Mollusca. On the survey of PRRs in the assembly oyster reference
genome version 9, a total of 1084 PRRs were identified, which were composed of at least 12 gene families. Some
of the gene families were significantly expanded, including C-type lectins (CTLs), fibrinogen-related proteins
(FREPs), scavenger receptor cysteine-rich repeat protein (SRCRs), leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-only proteins
(LRRops), and especially C1q domain-containing proteins (C1qDCs). The transcriptomic profiles of these
abundant PRRs in response to PAMP treatments were investigated by RNA-Seq using the SOLiD EZ BeadTM
system. Compared to the control library, there were 6,655, 7,273, 7,593, 6,830, 6687 and 8250 differentially
expressed genes in the haemocytes of oysters in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation for 6 h, 12 h
and 24 h, and peptidoglycan (PGN), glucan (GLU) and poly I:C (IC) stimulation for 12 h, respectively. After
stimulation for 12 h, there were 134, 97, 114 and 159 genes up-regulated in the LPS, PGN, GLU and IC library,
respectively. Most of the gene families involved in immune response towards PAMPs were C1qDCs, CTLs and
FREPs, while only a few members of LRR and immunoglobin-containing proteins (LRRIGs), retinoic acid-inducible
gene I [RIG-I]-like receptors (RLRs) and Toll like receptors (TLRs) were up-regulated. After LPS stimulation,
the expression level of 258 non-redundant PRR genes in oyster haemocytes increased significantly
with different expression pattern, and most of them were C1qDCs, CTLs, LRRops and FREPs. The transcriptomic
analyses indicated that there was a dynamic and orchestrated specific expression regulation of numerous PRR
genes in response to pathogen invasion. The expanded PRR gene family members were differentiated with more
specific functional responses to certain PAMPs rather than the versatile ones. Based on the different expression
pattern during the LPS stimulation, the oyster PRRs could be assigned into three consecutive steps in the response
against pathogen invading. All the results would provide useful information for future studies of oyster
PRRs and deep insight into the researches on invertebrate innate immunity. Keywords: Bivalve immunity | Pattern recognition receptors | Crassostrea gigas | Transcriptome | RNA-Seq |
مقاله انگلیسی |
4 |
A C1qDC (CgC1qDC-6) with a collagen-like domain mediates hemocyte phagocytosis and migration in oysters
A C1qDC (CgC1qDC-6) with a collagen-like domain mediates hemocyte phagocytosis and migration in oysters-2019 Most of the bivalve C1q domain containing proteins (C1qDCs) are either only composed of the globular head
domain, or contain an N-terminal coiled-coil domain, presumed to cover a role in oligomerization. On the other
hand, collagen regions, widespread in vertebrate C1qDCs, are very uncommon in bivalves. In the present study, a
C1qDC with a collagen-like domain (designated CgC1qDC-6) was identified from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea
gigas and its possible involvement in immune responses was also characterized. The coding sequence of
CgC1qDC-6 was of 756 bp, encoding a peptide of 251 amino acids with an N-terminal signal peptide, a central
collagen-like domain, and a C-terminal ghC1q domain. CgC1qDC-6 was clustered with the C1qDCs from several
mollusks in the phylogenetic tree. CgC1qDC-6 was detected at both mRNA and protein levels in all tested tissues
including hepatopancreas, gonad, gill, mantle, adductor muscle, and hemocytes. The recombinant CgC1qDC-6
protein (rCgC1qDC-6) exhibited binding activity to various pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
including LPS, PGN, mannose and Poly I:C, and microorganisms including Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia
coli and Vibrio splendidus), Gram-positive bacteria (Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcus aureus), and fungus
(Pichia pastoris). The phagocytic rates of oyster hemocytes towards V. splendidus pre-incubation with rCgC1qDC-6
were significantly enhanced (p < 0.05). In the chemotaxis assay, rCgC1qDC-6 could mediate the migration of
oyster hemocytes in a dose-dependent manner, which exhibited a positive chemotactic effect at low concentration
(< 10 nM). These results collectively indicated that CgC1qDC-6 could serve as a pattern recognition
receptor and mediate the hemocyte phagocytosis and migration to eliminate the invading pathogens. Keywords: Crassostrea gigas | C1qDC | Collagen-like domain | Pattern recognition receptor | Opsonization | Chemotaxis |
مقاله انگلیسی |
5 |
Oyster چگونه کار میکند؟ تفسیر ریاضی سادهی Oyster
سال انتشار: 2014 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 20 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 26 Oyster ، یک ابزار از نوع لولاییِ(فلپ) سوراخ کننده سطح است که برای برداشت انرژی آب از محیط نزدیک ساحل طراحی شده است. تئوریهای ریاضی پذیرفته شده، برای تبدیل انرژی موج ؛ مانند تئوریهای جاذب نقطهایِ سه بعدی و تئوری پایان بخش دو بعدی برای توضیح ِدقیقِ رفتارِ Oyster کافی نیستند به لحاظ پیشینه و با توجه به پتانسیل چنین مفاهیمی برای تحت کنترل در آوردن توان موجهای اقیانوسی، استفاده از این مفاهیم برای Oyster باعث بوجود امدن نتیجه گیری واپیچیده ( تحریف شده) میشود. قابلیت تکثیر (ساخت مجدد) دینامیک Oyster به صورت دقیق، نیاز به معرفی یک مدل ریاضی جدید، یعنی " جاذب از نوع لولایی " دارد. جاذب از نوع لولایی ، یک ابزار بزرگ و نازک است که انرژی امواج را با چرخش حول محور افقیِ موازی با کف اقیانوس ، استخراج میکند. در این مقاله، ریاضیات Oyster بعنوان یک جاذب از نوع لولایی (فلپ) حل میشود. اهداف اصلی این مقاله انجام یک تفسیر ساده، ولی دقیقِ فیزیکی از قوانین حاکم بر مکانیسم جذب توان موج توسط Oyster و نیز تاکید بر اینکه چرا نمیتوان از برخی تئوریهای ریاضی که بیشتر پذیرفته شدهاند، انتظار داشت که به طور دقیقی رفتار Oyster را توضیح دهند؛ میباشد.
کلمات کلیدی: انرژی موج | Oyster | فعل و انفعالات آب و سازه | ریاضیات کاربردی. |
مقاله ترجمه شده |