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Phase volume quantification of agarose-ghee gels using 3D confocal laser scanning microscopy and blending law analysis: A comparison
اندازه گیری حجم فاز ژل های agarose-ghee با استفاده از میکروسکوپ اسکن لیزر کانفوکال 3D و تجزیه و تحلیل قانون: یک مقایسه -2020 A thorough understanding of the phase behaviour of biomaterial composites is imperative for manipulating the
structural and textural properties in novel food products. This study probed the phase behaviour of a model
system comprising agarose and a varying concentration of ghee. Results obtained from scanning electron microscopy
(SEM), micro differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)
and dynamic oscillation in-shear revealed discontinuous and hard inclusions of ghee reinforcing the continuous,
weaker agarose matrix with increasing concentrations of the former. Phase behaviour of the system was
quantified in parallel with a novel method combining 3D confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) imaging
and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris - in an effort to substantiate the efficacy of the microscopic
protocol in quantifying phase behaviour. Phase volumes recorded with the microscopic protocol were in close
agreement to those modelled with the Lewis-Nielsen blending law using small-deformation dynamic oscillation.
However, results indicated that the inner filtering effect or ‘self-shadowing’ observed commonly in CLSM images
may pose a limitation to the application of this technique, necessitating further development before it can be
applied to more complex, industrially relevant systems. Keywords: Lewis-Nielsen blending law | Phase behaviour | Confocal laser scanning microscopy | 3D imaging | Image analysis |
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