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نتیجه جستجو - Power Loss

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 28
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Reconfiguration of electrical distribution network-based DG and capacitors allocations using artificial ecosystem optimizer: Practical case study
پیکربندی مجدد تخصیص DG و خازن مبتنی بر شبکه توزیع الکتریکی با استفاده از بهینه ساز اکوسیستم مصنوعی: مطالعه موردی عملی-2021
In this article, a new implementation of Artificial Ecosystem Optimizer (AEO) technique is developed for distributed generators (DGs) and capacitors allocation considering the Reconfiguration of Power Distribution Systems (RPDS). The AEO is inspired from three energy transfer mechanisms involving production, consumption, and decomposition in an ecosystem. In the production mechanism, the production operator allows AEO to produce a new individual randomly, whereas the search space exploration can be improved as illustrated in the consumption mechanism and exploitation can be performed in the decomposition. A practical case study of 59-bus Cairo distribution system in Egypt is simulated with different loading percentages. For optimizing the performance of that practical network, the AEO algorithm is employed for different scenarios. Besides, the results obtained by recent optimization techniques which are Jellyfish Search Optimizer (JFS), Supply Demand Optimizer (SDO), Crow Search Optimizer (CSO), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) and Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) are compared with the developed AEO. The simulation results demonstrate the efficacies and superiority of the AEO compared to the others. It surpasses the other algorithms in terms of obtaining the best, mean, worst, and standard deviations. After optimal RPDS and DGs placements, the power losses are decreased by 78.4, 77.84 and 71.4% at low, nominal and high levels, respectively. However, the best scenario with its application prospects is mentioned after optimal RPDS, DGs, and capacitors where the power losses are decreased by 68.8, 85.87 and 89.91% at low, nominal and high levels, respectively.
KEYWORDS: Artificial ecosystem optimizer | Distributed generators | Electrical systems | Power losses | Reconfiguration
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Information and Measurement System for Electric Power Losses Accounting in Railway Transport
اطلاعات و سیستم اندازه گیری برای حسابداری تلفات برق در حمل و نقل ریلی-2021
The purpose of the presented research is to minimize the loss of electricity during the operation of railway power systems. Losses are defined as an unbalance between the released and consumed electricity, which is recorded by means of commercial electricity ccounting. Given that electricity losses are divided into technical and non-technical (commercial) components, there are currently no technical tools that can analyze the components of electricity losses in detail, and therefore prevent their occurrence. To achieve this goal, the factors inherent in commercial electricity accounting systems in various areas of production activity that affect the growth of electricity losses are identified. An algorithm is proposed that allows determining the presence of abnormal power losses in real time for making organizational and technical decisions to reduce them. A block diagram of the information and measurement system for accounting of power losses has been developed, which allows using the existing equipment without replacement or modernization, which allows obtaining new technical capabilities. The method of intellectualization of the process of classification of factors that cause the growth of abnormal power losses, based on artificial neural networks, is posed. The intelligent module allows replacing the person who makes organizational and technical decisions, minimizing the consequences of abnormal situations that lead to the growth of abnormal losses, applying the proposed solutions in departments that do not have qualified specialists. The results of training an artificial neural network are considered, and the main parameters of the efficiency of the information and measurement system for loss accounting on a real railway transport object are determined.
Keywords: Power Loss | Artificial Neural Networks.
مقاله انگلیسی
3 A Non-Convex Control Allocation Strategy as Energy-Efficient Torque Distributors for On-Road and Off-Road Vehicles
یک استراتژی تخصیص کنترل غیر محدب به عنوان توزیع کننده گشتاور مقرون به صرفه برای وسایل نقلیه جاده ای و خارج از جاده-2020
A Vehicle with multiple drivetrains, like a hybrid electric one, is an over-actuated system that means there is an infinite number of combinations of torques that individual drivetrains can supply to provide a given total torque demand. Energy efficiency is considered as the secondary objective to determine the optimum solution among these feasible combinations. The resulting optimisation problem, which is nonlinear due to the multimodal operation of electric machines, must be solved quickly to comply with the stability requirements of the vehicle dynamics. A theorem is developed for the first time to formulate and parametrically solve the energyefficient torque distribution problem of a vehicle with multiple different drivetrains. The parametric solution is deployable on an ordinary electronic control unit (ECU) as a small-size lookup table that makes it significantly fast in operation. The fuel-economy of combustion engines, load transformations due to longitudinal and lateral accelerations, and traction efficiency of the off-road conditions are integrated into the developed theorem. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the provided optimal strategy as torque distributors of on-road and off-road electrified vehicles with multiple different drivetrains.
Keywords: Traction efficiency | Control allocation | Energy management strategies | Hybrid electric vehicles | Power loss | Multiple drivetrains
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Different aspects of microgrid management: A comprehensive review
جنبه های مختلف مدیریت میکرو گریدها : یک بررسی جامع-2020
Microgrid is a network that usually includes small generators, storages and local loads. Environmental issues, fossil fuels finitude and economic benefits are three important reasons that cause increasing attention to renewable resources and local generation. In recent years, development of renewable resources in electrical networks has been increased more than ever. Energy management in small scale networks such as microgrids has many advantages such as reducing the power losses and simplifying the control process. Hence, various aspects of microgrid management including components, network structures, operation modes, storage systems, types of load, modeling the problem, solving procedures and many more should be investigated in the microgrid management point of view. In order to achieve a perfect analysis, a complete study of recent researches is required. In this regard, a comprehensive study considering various aspects and latest investigations has been presented. In addition, to show the strength and weakness of studies and determine future works more clearly, the statistic comparison between different subjects is proposed for each section, if possible. This review enables researchers to study conveniently the latest developments in microgrid management and select their intended studies.
Keywords: Control methods | Energy storages | Energy management | Microgrid | Renewable resource | Statistic comparison
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Day-ahead energy management and feeder reconfiguration for microgrids with CCHP and energy storage systems
مدیریت انرژی روز و تنظیم مجدد فیدر برای میکروگرید با CCHP و سیستمهای ذخیره انرژی-2020
Energy management featuring distribution feeder reconfiguration (DFR) and reactive power control, improves the technical and economic efficiency of microgrids. The present work proposes a framework that leverages scenarios to jointly manage the real and reactive power dispatches of the controllable generation resources as well as the topology of the distribution feeder. Multiple operation measures are optimized including the operation cost, real power loss, the voltage stability index (VSI), and the greenhouse gas emissions of the microgrid. Hybrid Big Bang- Big Crunch (HBB-BC) algorithm is used to solve the formulated optimization problem. Nondispatchable and dispatchable distributed generation units (DGs), as well as the battery and thermal energy storage systems (BESS and TESS), are considered as a hybrid energy system. Combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) units are considered as dispatchable DGs and wind and solar photovoltaic generations are considered as non-dispatchable DGs. The efficiency of the proposed model and solution algorithm is investigated using a 33-bus microgrid, and the simulation outcomes are discussed.
Keywords: Combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) | Distribution feeder reconfiguration (DFR) | Distributed generation (DG) | Energy storage system (ESS)
مقاله انگلیسی
6 A multi-objective voltage stability constrained energy management system for isolated microgrids
یک سیستم مدیریت انرژی با ثبات ولتاژ چند هدف محدود شده برای ریز شبکه های جدا شده-2020
Nowadays, microgrids are more likely to operate in an isolated state, and it is of outmost importance to consider various security issues in the management of such systems. This paper proposes a new energy management system for isolated microgrids, which considers the voltage stability and generation contingency constraints.A multi-objective security constrained microgrid energy management system (MOSC-MEMS) based on a coordinated unit commitment-optimal power flow (UC-OPF) framework is introduced, aiming at minimization of real power losses, voltage deviations, and power generation costs. A Pareto optimal front is obtained using the -constraint method, and the best compromise solution is derived using the Fuzzy Satisfying criterion. Furthermore, a CIGRE benchmark test system based on European medium voltage network is used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed MOSC-MEMS. The simulation results, obtained by implementing the proposed framework in general algebraic modeling system (GAMS), indicate the feasibility of the proposed model and imply the significance of security constraints in the microgrid energy management systems
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Multi-energy-storage energy management with the robust method for distribution networks
مدیریت انرژی ذخیره سازی چند منظوره با روش قوی برای شبکه های توزیع-2020
The randomness, volatility and anti-peaking characteristic from distributed renewable energy generation rise great challenges for the safe and economic operation of the distribution networks (DNs). To address this problem, this paper proposes a novel multi-energy-storage energy management system (EMS) to co-optimize the electricity-driven mobile energy storage (MES) and inverter air-conditioning (AC)-based thermal energy storage (TES). To facilitate the energy management of the DN, the MES that considers the delay factors and the TES that regulates reactive power have been developed into a unified analytic model capable of charging and discharging. In addition, considering the impact of the forecasting uncertainties and the risk-aversion of the dispatcher, a novel robust optimization method is proposed to obtain more accurate “worst scenario”. The dispatching model is then converted into a mixed integer second-order cone programming problem (MI-SOCP) and a mixed integer linear programming problem (MILP), and linearized techniques and an iteration method are used to efficiently solve these problems. Simulation studies on a 41-node DN in Ontario indicate that the operational cost and power loss of the DN can be reduced by no less than 1% and 8% using the proposed EMS, respectively, while a safer voltage level with a voltage deviation of 5% can be obtained. The results confirm the effectiveness of the MES and TES for peak shaving, valley filling and voltage supporting.
Keywords: Distribution network | Mobile energy storage | Thermal energy storage | Energy management system | Iterative method
مقاله انگلیسی
8 A robust online energy management strategy for fuel cell/battery hybrid electric vehicles
یک استراتژی مدیریت انرژی آنلاین قوی برای خودروهای برقی هیبریدی سلول / باتری-2020
Traditional optimization-based energy management strategies (EMSs) do not consider the uncertainty of driving cycle induced by the change of traffic conditions, this paper proposes a robust online EMS (ROEMS) for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles (FCHEV) to handle the uncertain driving cycles. The energy consumption model of the FCHEV is built by considering the power loss of fuel cell, battery, electric motor, and brake. An offline linear programming-based method is proposed to produce the benchmark solution. The ROEMS instantaneously minimizes the equivalent power of fuel cell and battery, where an equivalent efficiency of battery is defined as the efficiency of hydrogen energy transforming to battery energy. To control the state of charge of battery, two control coefficients are introduced to adjust the power of battery in objective function. Another penalty coefficient is used to amend the power of fuel cell, which reduces the load change of fuel cell so as to slow the degradation of fuel cell. The simulation results indicate that ROEMS has good performance in both fuel economy and load change control of fuel cell. The most important advantage of ROEMS is its robustness and adaptivity, because it almost produces the optimal solution without changing the control parameters when driving cycles are changed.
Keywords: Fuel cell | Hybrid electric vehicles | Online energy management strategy | Robustness | Uncertaint
مقاله انگلیسی
9 A novel optimal energy management strategy for offshore wind/ marine current/battery/ultracapacitor hybrid renewable energy system
رویکرد استراتژی مدیریت انرژی بهینه برای بادی دریایی / دریایی فعلی / باتری / فراخازنی ترکیبی سیستم انرژی تجدید پذیر-2020
Climate change and high energy demand have significantly increased the need for renewable energy sources (RES). Marine and ocean energy sources draw attention through their high energy potential. Offshore wind and marine current energy is an attractive RES with great potential. The wind and current energy in the marine produces an intermittent and unstable power by nature. Energy storage systems are the most effective solution to minimize power fluctuations in the system and to ensure stable energy demand. This paper presents a novel optimal energy management strategy (NOEMS) for optimal power flow control of the offshore wind/marine current/battery/ultracapacitor hybrid power generation system and for the most efficient harvesting of hybrid renewable energy system (HRES). The proposed NOEMS algorithm calculates as real time the amount of power generated by the HRES and demanded by the load. In this study, nine different dynamic operation modes were considered. Experimental results have shown that the battery and ultracapacitor support to the HRES. In this study, the dynamic behavior of the NOEMS algorithm was investigated by performing a sudden load test from 18 W to 30 W. The NOEMS algorithm shows that the system can minimize power loss, voltage fluctuation, control the charge/ discharge status of the battery and ultracapacitor. The proposed algorithm continuously shifts the required power over the hybrid energy storage system to provide the load demand continuously.
Keywords: Offshore wind | Marine current | Battery | Ultracapacitor | Hybrid energy storage | Optimal energy management
مقاله انگلیسی
10 The cost of being safer in banking: Market power loss
هزینه ایمن تر شدن در بانکداری: از دست دادن قدرت بازار-2019
To promote safety at financial institutions, Basel III introduced two new liquidity rules, the net stable funding ratio and the liquidity coverage ratio. However, the issue of how the new rules affect the market power of banks has not been investigated. This paper fills the gap by analyzing how an increase in bank liquidity associates with market power for a sample of 2,665 unique commercial banks and bank holding companies in the U.S. during 2000– 2015. We find a significantly negative correlation between liquidity and market power. The result is robust over different measures of liquidity and market power and different estimation methods. Our further investigation reveals that banks can expand their business aggressively to enjoy economies of scale to mitigate the negative effect of liquidity on market power.
مقاله انگلیسی
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