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نتیجه جستجو - Price

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 647
ردیف عنوان نوع
61 Optimizing strategies for e-waste supply chains under four operation scenarios
بهینه سازی استراتژی های زنجیره تامین زباله الکترونیکی تحت چهار سناریو عملیاتی-2021
Online recycling has become an increasingly popular research hotspot. However, few studies have focused on its potential service functions such as online promotion and offline recycling. In this study, considering such service functions, four models, namely, the manufacturer recycling channel (Model A), recycler recycling channel (Model B), online channel recycling (Model C) and manufacturer’s self built platform + recycling channel (Model D), are established, and derived the corresponding profit functions of supply chain members. Game theory was utilized to optimize service quality control strategies and supply chain member profits within the different models. Using numerical simulation, we examined the influence of both the upper recycling incentive limit and market demand on the optimal recycling channel strategies and profits. When the upper limit of the recovery incentive amount k 2 ð0; 3Þ, the actual price and service quality to consumers under the manufacturer’s self-built platform + recycling channel (Model D) are better than other channels, and the optimal manufacturer and online platform profits initially increased and then decreased with increases in the recycling incentive upper limit. We also found that the optimal recycler profit increased as the upper limit of the recycling incentive increased, and that optimal supply chain member profits increased when market size D0 2 ð0; 100Þ.
Keywords: E-waste | Closed-loop supply chain | Online recycling platform | Recycling incentive upper limit | Market scale
مقاله انگلیسی
62 Multi-outsourcing supply chain coordination under yield and demand uncertainties
هماهنگی بین زنجیره تامین چند برون سپاری تحت عدم قطعیت عملکرد و تقاضا-2021
As a popular production mode, outsourcing enables the cost saving for original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and the acquisition of advanced technology for contract manufacturer (CM). We consider a multi-outsourcing supply chain within the voluntary compliance regime. The game between one OEM facing uncertain demand and arbitrary CMs owning uncertain yields is modeled to study the interactions regarding lot-sizing decisions. A general method is developed to prove the concavity of profit functions, which is formidable to accomplish based on Hessian Matrix. The optimal ordering and production strategies are subsequently characterized. A revenue sharing with surplus purchase contract with great flexibility in parameter selection is proposed to coordinate the supply chain. We find that there exist threshold outsourcing prices beyond which the CMs are motivated to overproduce, otherwise they tend to produce in consistent with the orders. In a competitive market, price war is not a wise strategy for CM due to profit sacrifice. By contrast, if the selling price charged by the OEM is high, a smart CM can appropriately raise its outsourcing price because the order quantity difference among CMs is relatively small. Although supply stability improvement and outsourcing price reduction are both welcomed by the OEM, the latter is more important for it to consider in allocating orders.
Keywords: Multiple sourcing | Supply chain management | Random yield | Newsvendor | Game theory
مقاله انگلیسی
63 Reduction of waste and carbon emission through the selection of items with cross-price elasticity of demand to form a sustainable supply chain with preservation technology
کاهش انتشار زباله و انتشار کربن از طریق انتخاب مواردی با کشش تقاضای متقابل قیمت برای تشکیل یک زنجیره تأمین پایدار با فناوری حفظ-2021
Carbon emission plays a vital role in global warming. In addition to this, wastages due to the deterioration have a hazardous impact on the ecosystem. The responsible managers’ primary concern is to form a sustainable supply chain. Further, supply chain managers select some appropriate combinations when dealing with items that possess cross-price elasticity of demand to make a profitable system. The present model aims to make a sustainable supply chain to reduce waste by obtaining the optimal values of production rate, batch size, several shipments, and preservation investment such that the total profit of the system is maximum. In the present study, a supply chain model with two manufacturers and one common retailer is developed. The proposed supply chain deals with products having negative or positive cross-price elasticity of demand. The carbon emission is also considered, which is associated with different operational activities of inventory such as preparation of setup of manufacturers, transportation of products, waste management, and holding stock at manufacturers and the retailer’s end. The objective function in the present study is a mixed-integer nonlinear optimization problem. A solution method- ology based on differential calculus is adopted. The result shows that products of low negative or high positive cross-price elasticity are a profitable combination. Additionally, a 20% reduction in wastage quantity is observed due to the investment in preservation technology. This result indicates that preservation technology positively impacts the environment and the finance associated with the inventory system. The proposed integrated system’s sustainability is illustrated with numerical examples, sensitivity analysis, and pictorial representation. In addition to this, several valuable managerial insights based on the study are provided.© 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Deterioration | Sustainability | carbon emission | Preservation technology | Waste management | Supply chain management
مقاله انگلیسی
64 Emission reduction decision of agricultural supply chain considering carbon tax and investment cooperation
تصمیم کاهش انتشار زنجیره تأمین کشاورزی با توجه به مالیات کربن و همکاری در سرمایه گذاری-2021
As the core of civilian production and an indispensable part of the national economy, the agricultural industry plays a role in many aspects, but it also generates a large amount of carbon emissions that are harmful to the environment. A game model is established to compare the optimal decisions and profits of retailers under three situations: whether to invest in emission reduction for manufacturers or not, and whether to invest in emission reduction under decentralized decision-making or centralized decision- making. The results show that when manufacturers cooperate with retailers, with the increase of in- vestment proportion, carbon emission reduction, market demand, manufacturer’s profit and retail price show an upward trend, while retailer’s profit decreases. However, when manufacturers and retailers form a centralized supply chain, the overall profit of the supply chain can be improved. Therefore, when manufacturers and retailers cooperate to form a centralized supply chain, the supply chain can be optimized to achieve the dual objectives of protecting the environment and increasing profits.© 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Carbon tax | Investment cooperation | Agricultural supply chain | Carbon emission reduction
مقاله انگلیسی
65 Decision-making and coordination of green closed-loop supply chain with fairness concern
تصمیم گیری و هماهنگی زنجیره تامین حلقه بسته سبز با رعایت انصاف-2021
This paper considers a green closed-supply chain consisting of a manufacturer and a retailer. A Stack- elberg game model of centralized decision-making and decentralized decision-making with manufac- turer’s fairness concern was constructed based on the consideration of retailer’s sales effort. The decision-making of supply chain members under the above two situations and their reasons are analyzed in depth. According to the model, a green closed-loop supply chain with profit sharing contract coordination fairness is designed. Finally, the correctness of the model is verified by numerical simu- lation. We generate our findings from three aspects, as follows: when the manufacturer has fair concern behavior, it is not conducive to the environmental performance of green products, resulting in waste of resources, but also forcing retailers to reduce sales efforts and increase the retail price of products. Finally, the benefits of green closed-loop supply chain are seriously damaged. The profit-sharing contract could improve the relationship between members of the supply chain to achieve sustainable economic and environmental development.© 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Green closed-loop supply chain | Fairness concern | Decision model | Profit-sharing contract
مقاله انگلیسی
66 Pricing and coordination in a reverse supply chain with online and offline recycling channels: A power perspective
قیمت گذاری و هماهنگی در یک زنجیره تأمین معکوس با کانال های بازیافت آنلاین و آفلاین: دیدگاه نیرو-2021
Faced with a large number and a wide variety of used products, it is of great significance to study how to design an effective reverse channel for recycling waste products, to obtain better economic and environmental benefits. In this paper, we explore how various channel power structures affect the pricing decisions and coordination in a reverse supply chain (RSC) with competitive online and offline recycling channels. One centralized and three decentralized RSC models are established under three power structures: remanufacturer-led, collector-led, and vertical Nash. Through equilibrium comparison, we find that either the remanufacturer or the collector has sufficient incentives to lead the RSC, however, the balanced power structure (Vertical Nash) is more favorable to the RSC system. In addition, we design a mechanism, which consists of an online acquisition price scheme and a two-part tariff contract, to co- ordinate dual-recycling channel RSCs under various power structures. Finally, we extend the model to asymmetric initial collection quantity and asymmetric recycling channel cost cases and verify the robustness of our basic propositions. Our analysis generates managerial insights into the relationship between the channel power structure and recycling channel competition and provides guidance for strategic decisions by remanufacturers and recyclers in dual-recycling channel RSC.© 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Reverse supply chain | Dual recycling channel | Power structure | Pricing | Coordination
مقاله انگلیسی
67 Research on the policy route of China’s distributed photovoltaic power generation
تحقیق در مورد مسیر سیاست تولید انرژی فتوولتائیک و توزیع شده در چین-2020
The distributed photovoltaic power generation is an important way to make use of solar energy in cities. China issues a series of policies to support the development of distributed photovoltaics in law, electricity price, grid connection standard, project management, financial support and so on. However, there are still some defects in policies and market mechanism. China creates a competitive market with a significant number of projects of distributed photovoltaic power through the reform of the electricity market, yet substantial drawbacks of the corresponding investment subsidies prevent distributed photovoltaic power from rapidly developing. This paper summarizes the status quo of China’s distributed photovoltaic power development, given its long-term plan, presents excellences and shortcomings of the existing policy system, and looks into the supporting policies and implementation paths for China’s distributed photovoltaic power in different stages. Innovative business models and financial support models are conducive to the development of distributed photovoltaic power. Financial innovation methods such as crowd funding and asset securitization should be encouraged to develop a sound risk assessment mechanism for projects, involve insurance institutions, and establish a risk sharing mechanism. In the context of a series of supporting policies, the distributed photovoltaic power in China will move towards market-oriented standardization for a healthier and more stable development.
Keywords: Distributed photovoltaic power | Electricity price | Policy route | Development strategy
مقاله انگلیسی
68 سرمایه گذاری مالی بلاکچین برمبنای الگوریتم شبکه یادگیری عمیق
سال انتشار: 2020 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 11 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 30
به منظور مطالعه استفاده از یادگیری عمیق برای پردازش داده های مالی، پیشنهاد می شود که می توان از فناوری مرتبط با شبکه عصبی و یادگیری عمیق برای داده های مالی استفاده کرد و از شاخص واقعی سهام و داده های آتی برای بررسی تاثیر کاربرد شبکه عصبی و یادگیری عمیق استفاده کرد. درابتدا نظریه و مدل یادگیری عمیق و شبکه عصبی با جزئیات معرفی می شوند. سپس از یک شبکه عصبی ساده و مدل یادگیری عمیق در شاخص سهام و پیش بینی قیمت آتی استفاده می شود. داده های استفاده شده در داده های ورودی به مدل شامل قیمت یک سهام در معامله جاری و برخی شاخص های داده ای و قیمت بسته شدن یک سهام در زمان بعدی می شود. کاهش قیمت در خروجی منعکس خواهد شد. اگر خروجی برای 1 بالا و برای صفر پایین باشد، داده های جدید پس از راه اندازی مدل وارد خواهند شد. نهایتا" جهت قضاوت روی تاثیر کاربرد مدل، می توان پس از مقایسه e و تحلیل تاثیر کاربرد مدل، داده های خروجی را با داده های واقعی مقایسه کرد. نتایج نشان می دهند که تحقیق انجام شده در این مطالعه می تواند به سرمایه گذاران کمک کند تا یک مدل سرمایه گذاری خودکار و راهبرد سرمایه گذاری در بازار سهام بسازند. از این سازه می توان برای ارجاع جهت بهبود راهبرد سرمایه گذاری سرمایه گذاران و نرخ بازگشت استفاده کرد.
کلیدواژه ها: یادگیری عمیق | سرمایه گذاری در بازار بورس | شبکه عصبی | سرمایه گذاری مالی
مقاله ترجمه شده
69 Investigating the impact of inflation on building materials prices in construction industry
بررسی تأثیر تورم بر قیمت مصالح ساختمانی در صنعت ساخت و ساز-2020
In spite of the advancement in the management of the construction industry, construction projects still facing the issue of cost overrun. Many factors influence the cost overrun but one of the most critical is the inflation rate, which plays a vital role in deviating prices of construction materials during the project lifecycle. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the behaviour of building materials prices and its correlation with the inflation rate. The Spearman test was adopted to measure the correlation between the prices of construction materials and the inflation rate. It was revealed that a significant positive and negative relationship between the inflation rate and the building materials prices exists, indicating that the change in the inflation rate will also affect the prices which will result in deviating the initial budget of a project. The correlation was investigated by the individual materials of cement, steel reinforcement, plumbing works, sanitary fitting, ironmongery, bricks, roofing, ceiling board, paints and plywood. All these materials groups representing an individual industry thus can be concluded that the inflation rate is influencing these industries as well. Therefore, it is essential to consider the inflation rate while calculating the budget at the beginning of the construction projects, with a recommendation to develop a budget estimation model which can incorporate the changing behaviour of the construction materials due to the inflation rate along with other essential parameters in setting up the project budget.
Keywords: Construction industry| Cost overrun | Building materials prices | Inflation rate | Spearman Correlation
مقاله انگلیسی
70 Modified deep learning and reinforcement learning for an incentive-based demand response model
یادگیری عمیق اصلاح شده و یادگیری تقویتی برای یک مدل پاسخ تقاضای مبتنی بر انگیزه-2020
Incentive-based demand response (DR) program can induce end users (EUs) to reduce electricity demand during peak period through rewards. In this study, an incentive-based DR program with modified deep learning and reinforcement learning is proposed. A modified deep learning model based on recurrent neural network (MDL-RNN) was first proposed to identify the future uncertainties of environment by forecasting day-ahead wholesale electricity price, photovoltaic (PV) power output, and power load. Then, reinforcement learning (RL) was utilized to explore the optimal incentive rates at each hour which can maximize the profits of both energy service providers (ESPs) and EUs. The results showed that the proposed modified deep learning model can achieve more accurate forecasting results compared with some other methods. It can support the development of incentive-based DR programs under uncertain environment. Meanwhile, the optimized incentive rate can increase the total profits of ESPs and EUs while reducing the peak electricity demand. A short-term DR program was developed for peak electricity demand period, and the experimental results show that peak electricity demand can be reduced by 17%. This contributes to mitigating the supply-demand imbalance and enhancing power system security.
Keywords: Demand response | Modified deep learning | Reinforcement learning | Smart grid
مقاله انگلیسی
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بازدید امروز: 2020 :::::::: بازدید دیروز: 3097 :::::::: بازدید کل: 36287 :::::::: افراد آنلاین: 19