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نتیجه جستجو - Price

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 647
ردیف عنوان نوع
81 Cost-aware renewable energy management: Centralized vs. distributed generation
مدیریت انرژی تجدید پذیر آگاه از هزینه: متمرکز در مقابل تولید توزیع شده-2020
We propose optimization strategies for cooperating households equipped with renewable energy assets and storage devices. We consider two system configurations: In the first configuration, households share access to an energy farm, where electricity is generated from renewable sources and stored in battery banks. In the second configuration, households are equipped with their own renewable energy sources and storage devices, and are allowed to share energy through the grid. The developed optimization model takes into account location and time-varying energy prices as well as energy transfer fees. To design our strategies, we first establish performance bounds, and compare the two configurations in terms of achievable savings and usability of renewable energy. Then, we devise real-time energy management algorithms by incorporating forecasting techniques in the proposed framework. Simulation results show that the proposed strategies outperform existing solutions by up to 10%. It is also shown that cooperative strategies outperform greedy approaches by up to 6.8%.
Keywords: Energy storage | Energy allocation | Cooperative strategies | Non-convex optimization
مقاله انگلیسی
82 In law we trust: Lawyer CEOs and stock liquidity
اعتماد ما به قانون : مدیرعامل وکالت و نقدینگی سهام-2020
I find that about 8.5% of firms in the sample of S&P 1500 firms are run by CEOs with a law degree (lawyer CEOs) and these firms have higher stock market liquidity than non-lawyer run CEO firms. I also find stock market liquidity improves following the appointment of lawyer CEOs. Lawyer CEOs improve stock market liquidity because they improve the firm’s information environment and reduce firm risk. Firms led by CEOs with legal expertise are associated with less stock price delay, weaker market reactions to corporate earnings announcements, and lower insider trading profits. Overall, this paper highlights the importance of CEO characteristics in enhancing financial market quality.
Keywords: Stock market liquidity | CEOs | Legal education | Insider trading
مقاله انگلیسی
83 Probabilistic energy management with emission of renewable microgrids including storage devices based on efficient salp swarm algorithm
مدیریت انرژی احتمالی با انتشار میکروگریدهای تجدیدپذیر از جمله دستگاههای ذخیره سازی بر اساس الگوریتم کارآمد شمع نمکی-2020
In this paper, the efficient salp swarm algorithm (ESSA) is proposed to solve the energy management (EM) with emission problem of renewable micro-grid (MG) including storage devices. Because of the uncertainties in the renewable energy sources (RESs), load demand and market prices, the probabilistic approach based on (2m þ 1) point estimate method and ESSA is employed to solve the probabilistic EM problem. The proposed ESSA can be derived by introducing two modifications on the conventional salp swarm algorithm (SSA) to improve the balance between exploration and exploitation, speed up the convergence and avoiding the stuck in local optima of the SSA. The ESSA is employed to solve the deterministic and probabilistic EM with emission problem. Where the multi-objective optimization problem of cost and emission functions is transferred into a single objective function to minimize the total operating cost of the MG. The proposed ESSA is evaluated using a typical grid-connected MG with energy storage devices and compared with other methods. The results verify the superiority of the ESSA to solve the EM problem of the MG over other methods.
Keywords: Efficient salp swarm algorithm | Probabilistic energy management | Micro-grid | Emission | Renewable energy sources | 2m þ 1 point estimate method
مقاله انگلیسی
84 Paying the price: consequences for children’s education in prison in a market society
پرداخت قیمت: عواقب آموزش کودکان در زندان در جامعه بازار-2020
This article explores consequences for children’s education in custodial institutions in a contemporary market society, England and Wales. It finds that policy decision-making designed to ‘transform’ prison education for children is primarily influenced by a desire to limit the cost to the public purse of custodial placements. This paper argues that market values influence decision-making in the youth custody sector and shape the nature and quality of provision that children are permitted to access. The consequences associated with this include further fragmentation of prison provision for children, an imbalance in the types of custodial place made available, (with children disproportionately contained in the cheapest type of provision), geographical discrepancies and persistent high re-offending rates. The concern with the costs of custody is particularly prominent in a society subject to ‘austerity’ measures across a wide range of public services, particularly in the criminal justice sector (Ismail, 2020). However, it is inconsistent with contemporary knowledge and understanding of children in custody, their needs and their vulnerabilities. The transformation supposedly sought is unlikely to materialize while annual cost-per-child place is a dominant driving force. Instead, we need to start with an understanding of what individual support children in prison need in order to be ‘education ready’.
Keywords: education | learning | market society | prison | children
مقاله انگلیسی
85 Changing the game to compete: Innovations in the fashion retail industry from the disruptive business model
تغییر بازی برای رقابت: نوآوری در صنعت خرده فروشی مد از مدل کسب و کار مخل-2020
Unprecedented competition and emergent technologies have posed a challenge to many traditional retailers in recent years. Yet within this competitive environment, emerging innovative business models have thrived and successfully disrupted the industry. We analyze the nature of disruptive business-model innovations and the ways they disrupt the fashion retail industry. To that end, we examine three disruptors in the industry: born-digital brands, AI-enabled demand forecasting and product design, and collaborative consumption. After introducing the concept of disruptive business-model innovation, we discuss the three disruptors’ effects on the fashion industry. We find that all of these models keenly answer fundamental needs unmet by current business models, such as offering quality products at a competitive price, curated services, and sustainable consumption. At the same time, all three disruptors suggest effective operation models for handling demand uncertainty, inventory management, and timely responses to the market, all of which are inherent issues for current push supply chains and forecast-based, inventory-driven systems. Based on this analysis, we discuss important implications for both academics and industry practitioners.
KEYWORDS: Disruptive innovation | Business model | Inventory management | Demand forecasting | Fashion industry | Online retail
مقاله انگلیسی
86 The price of expungements
قیمت تمدیدها-2020
Expungement mechanisms allow first-time offenders to seal their criminal record. Theory predicts that the stigma of a criminal record can hinder the reintegration of criminals for whom legal activities are less lucrative. In theory, expungements priced at the reservation level can facilitate the reintegration of criminals without making first-time crime more attractive. This paper considers a behavioral perspective and offers experimental evidence about the impact of expungements priced at different levels. To do this, we set up a laboratory experiment where subjects repeatedly face opportunities to commit crime (take money from another subject). In addition to stochastic formal sanctions – imposed by the experimenter – we introduce endogenously determined social sanctions. In our main treatments of interest, subjects who choose the wrongful action have the opportunity to expunge their record prior to the second stage, thus avoiding social sanctions as long as they do not recidivate. Overall, our experiment shows that, from a general deterrence perspective, it is better to implement expungements at very high prices. We offer an explanation for this result based on the idea that the price of expungements may signal the moral reprehensibility of the offense.
Keywords: Expungement | Specific deterrence | General deterrence | Recidivism | Social sanctions | Legal norms
مقاله انگلیسی
87 Quantifying financial market dynamics: Scaling law in rank mobility of Chinese stock prices
کمییت پویایی بازار مالی: مقیاس بندی قانون در تحرک رتبه قیمت سهام چینی-2020
Rank mobility, which was designed to measure the average variation of relative rank positions with respect to any absolute variable over a given time period, can be used to explore how the memory of stock price ranking orders fades over time. We investigate the variations in rank order of the closing prices of stocks registered at the Shanghai A-share market over a long period of 16 years. And we find that rank mobility increases as a power law with increasing time scale, and eventually converges to a constant level. This power-law relationship can be observed not only over a long period of 16 years but also for each consecutive year, especially their power-law exponents are very close. The empirical evidence indicates a fundamental dynamics of Chinese stock price movements.
Keywords: Rank mobility | Stock price co-movement | Stock price dynamics | Firm-specific information | Power law
مقاله انگلیسی
88 How does liability affect prices? Railroad sparks and timber
بدهی چگونه بر قیمت ها تأثیر می گذارد؟ جرقه و چوب راه آهن-2020
This paper analyzes how judicially-determined liability assignments affect valuations and prices. On two occasions in 2007, a railway company caused a fire to break out in the State of Washington. The two fires burned down some of the neighboring properties’ timber. These two incidents led to two companion court cases that made it all the way to the Washington Supreme Court. The court rulings, both made on May 31, 2012, held that the railway company was not liable for timber damages under Washington’s timber trespass statute, despite having acted negligently. As a consequence of these decisions, economic theory predicts a decrease in the value of timber in those areas associated with higher risk of fire, and an increase in the value of Washington railway companies. Using a triple difference model and an event study, we test and find evidence supporting this prediction.
Keywords: Liability | Property rights | Law and economics | Event study
مقاله انگلیسی
89 Voices from ‘Igbo Bunks’: A qualitative study of the complicity of law-enforcement agents in marijuana use in a Nigerian community
صداهایی از Igbo Bunks : یک مطالعه کیفی از همدستی ماموران اجرای قانون در مصرف ماری جوانا در یک جامعه نیجریه-2020
There exists observable complicity by law enforcement agents in illicit drug networks for financial gain and yet the problem remains under-researched. Thus, this study explored the connection between cannabis use/users and the connivance of narcotic agents in Afikpo North LGA of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Purposive and snowballing sampling techniques were employed in selecting a sample of 21, comprising 18 regular ‘Igbo Bunks’ (specially designed marijuana-smoking joints) patronisers and three dealers (Bunk owners/managers). Qualitative thematic method was adopted in analysing the data generated from in-depth oral interviews. Findings revealed that three popular Bunks operate unhidden and were well-known to the National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA) and Nigeria Police Force (NPF), but little or no action has been taken to close them down. Although the outcome of the connivance has led to an increase in the price of cannabis due to illegal monetary compensation given to law enforcers to secure their approval, recurring use has also been recorded due to the ostensible comfort and protection these joints offer to customers. Organised marijuana smoking is a fast growing but underexplored ‘lawenforcement problem’ to watch and therefore further empirical studies on the phenomenon is suggested to further direct policy and action. There is urgent need for community responses and partnership with law enforcement agents. Since the most visible part of drug issue takes place in our neighbourhoods, this security synergy is necessary and timely for effective prevention and control of the phenomenon.
Keywords: Complicity | Igbo Bunks | Marijuana use | Law-enforcement agents | Qualitative study
مقاله انگلیسی
90 Factors influencing the adoption of mHealth services in a developing country: A patient-centric study
عوامل مؤثر بر اتخاذ خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی در یک کشور در حال توسعه: یک مطالعه بیمار محور-2020
mHealth under the umbrella of eHealth has become an essential tool for providing quality, accessible and equal health care services at an affordable cost. Despite the potential benefits of mHealth, its adoption remains a big challenge in developing countries such as Bangladesh. This study aims to examine the factors affecting the adoption of mHealth services in Bangladesh by using the extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model with perceived reliability and price value factors. It also examines the moderating effect of gender on the intention to use and on the actual usage behavior of users of mHealth services. A wellstructured face-to-face survey was employed to collect the data. Structural equation modeling (SEM) with a partial least squares method was used to analyze the data collected from 296 generation Y participants. The results confirmed that performance expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions and perceived reliability positively influence the behavioral intention to adopt mHealth services. However, effort expectancy and price value did not have a significance influence on the behavioral intention. Moreover, Gender has a significant moderating effect on mHealth services adoption in certain cases. Finally, the theoretical and practical implications of this study are also discussed.
Keywords: mHealth | Developing countries | UTAUT model | Generation Y | Bangladesh
مقاله انگلیسی
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