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نتیجه جستجو - Production and pricing

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 2
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Optimal production and pricing strategies in auto supply chain when dual credit policy is substituted for subsidy policy
استراتژی های تولید و قیمت گذاری بهینه در زنجیره تأمین خودکار هنگامی که سیاست اعتبار دوگانه جایگزین سیاست یارانه شود-2021
The Chinese government has proposed a dual credit policy (DCP) as a substitute for electric vehicle (EV) subsidies, which fluctuates the auto market. To investigate the policy substitution influences for the production and pricing strategies, we use Stackelberg game paradigms to model a two-stage auto supply chain. The manufacturer regulated by the DCP produces both EV and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV). The retailer sells them to heterogeneous consumers. By backward induction, the optimal pro- duction and pricing strategies are derived for the subsidy policy only (scenario B) and with a joint subsidy policy and DCP (scenario DS). Our findings show, 1) different with only one case in scenario B, the manufacturer and the retailer have three corresponding optimal production and pricing strategies in scenario DS, according to the manufacturer’s Corporate Average Fuel Consumption credit (CAFC credit);2) the demand for the ICEV may also decline like EV as the subsidies are phased out in scenario DS when the manufacturer’s CAFC credit is in balance case; 3) the changes of DCP rules may have different effects on the optimal production and pricing strategies in different CAFC cases.© 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Auto supply chain | Stackelberg game paradigms | Dual credit policy | Subsidy policy | Production and pricing
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Production and pricing problems in make-to-order supply chain with cap-and-trade regulation
مشکلات تولید و قیمت گذاری در زنجیره تامین به منظور سفارش با مقررات خرید و فروش-2017
This paper studies the production and pricing problems in MTO (make-to-order) supply chain containing an upstream manufacturer who produces two products based on MTO production and a downstream retailer. The manufacturer is regulated by cap-and-trade regulation and determines the wholesale prices of the two products. To comply with the regulation, the manufacturer can buy or sell emission permits through an outside market. The retailer determines its order quantities to meet the price-sensitive demands. We derive the optimal total emissions and production quantities of the two products, and based on them, we analyze the impact of emission trading price on the optimal production decisions and the two firms’ optimal profits. The emission trading decisions follow a two-threshold policy and the optimal total emissions are increasing in the cap. However, contrary to intuition, the optimal production quantities of the two products may be decreasing in the cap. The manufacturers optimal profit is decreasing (increasing) in the buying (selling) price of emission permits, and that the retailers optimal profit is decreasing in the buying (selling) price of emission permits. The optimal total emissions are decreasing in buying or selling price of emission permits, however, the optimal production quantities of the two products may be increasing (decreasing) in the buying (selling) price of emission permits. Numerical examples are conducted to illustrate our findings and some managerial insights are presented.
Keywords: Cap-and-trade | Supply chain | Production | Pricing
مقاله انگلیسی
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