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ردیف | عنوان | نوع |
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1 |
A computer vision framework using Convolutional Neural Networks for airport-airside surveillance
چارچوب بینایی کامپیوتری با استفاده از شبکههای عصبی کانولوشن برای نظارت در فرودگاه-2022 Modern airports often have large and complex airside environments featuring multiple runways, with changing configurations, numerous taxiways for effective circulation of flights and tens, if not hundreds, of gates. With inherent uncertainties in gate push-back and taxiway routing, efficient surveillance and management of airport-airside operations is a highly challenging task for air traffic controllers. An increase in air traffic may lead to gate delays, taxiway congestion, taxiway incursions as well as significant increase in the workload of air traffic controllers. With the advent of Digital Towers, airports are increasingly being equipped with surveillance camera systems. This paper proposes a novel computer vision framework for airport-airside surveillance, using cameras to monitor ground movement objects for safety enhancement and operational efficiency improvement. The framework adopts Convolutional Neural Networks and camera calibration techniques for aircraft detection and tracking, push-back prediction, and maneuvering monitoring. The proposed framework is applied on video camera feeds from Houston Airport, USA (for maneuvering monitoring) and Obihiro Airport, Japan (for push-back prediction). The object detection models of the proposed framework achieve up to 73.36% average precision on Houston airport and 87.3% on Obihiro airport. The framework estimates aircraft speed and distance with low error (up to 6 meters), and aircraft push-back is predicted with an average error of 3 min from the time an aircraft arrives with the error-rate reducing until the aircraft’s actual push-back event.
keywords: Air traffic control | Convolutional Neural Network | Computer vision |
مقاله انگلیسی |
2 |
Publish–Subscribe approaches for the IoT and the cloud: Functional and performance evaluation of open-source systems
رویکردهای انتشار – اشتراک برای اینترنت اشیا و ابر: ارزیابی عملکرد و کارایی سیستمهای منبع باز-2022 Publish–Subscribe systems facilitate the communication between services or applications. A
typical system comprises the publisher, the subscriber, and the broker but, may also feature
message queues, databases, clusters, or federations of brokers, apply message delivery policies,
communication protocols, security services, and a streaming API. Not all these features are
supported by all systems or, others may be optional. As a result, there is no common ground
for the comparison of Publish–Subscribe systems. This paper presents a critical survey and
taxonomy of Publish–Subscribe systems, of their design features and technologies. The concepts
of message queuing, publish–subscribe systems, and publish–subscribe protocols for the cloud
and the IoT are discussed and clarified. The respective evaluation is about seven state-of-the-art
open-source systems namely, Apache Kafka, RabbitMQ, Orion-LD, Scorpio, Stellio, Pushpin, and
Faye. For the sake of fair comparison, a minimum set of common features is identified in all
systems. All systems are evaluated and compared in terms of functionality and performance
under real-case scenarios.
keywords: صف پیام | انتشار – اشتراک | معیارها | ارزیابی | Message queue | Publish–subscribe | Benchmarks | Evaluation |
مقاله انگلیسی |
3 |
Resource efficient AI: Exploring neural network pruning for task specialization
هوش مصنوعی کارآمد منابع: بررسی هرس شبکه عصبی برای تخصص در کار-2022 This paper explores the use of neural network pruning for transfer learning applications for more
resource-efficient inference. The goal is to focus and optimize a neural network on a smaller
specialized target task. With the advent of IoT, we have seen an immense increase in AI-based
applications on mobile and embedded devices, such as wearables and other smart appliances.
However, with the ever-increasing complexity and capabilities of machine learning algorithms,
this push to the edge has led to new challenges due to the constraints imposed by the limited
availability of resources on these devices. Some form of compression is needed to allow for stateof-the-art convolutional neural networks to run on edge devices. In this work, we adapt existing
neural network pruning methods to allow them to specialize networks to only focus on a subset
of what they were originally trained for. This is a transfer learning use-case where we optimize
large pre-trained networks. This differs from standard optimization techniques by allowing the
network to forget certain concepts and allow the network’s footprint to be even smaller. We
compare different pruning criteria, including one from the field of Explainable AI (XAI), to
determine which technique allows for the smallest possible network while maintaining high
performance on the target task. Our results show the benefits of using network specialization
when executing neural networks on embedded devices both with and without GPU acceleration.
keywords: فشرده سازی شبکه عصبی | یادگیری ماشین | هوش مصنوعی قابل توضیح | هرس شبکه عصبی | استنتاج لبه | Neural network compression | Machine learning | Explainable AI | Neural network pruning | Edge inference |
مقاله انگلیسی |
4 |
Efficient and sustainable closed-loop supply chain network design: A two-stage stochastic formulation with a hybrid solution methodology
طراحی شبکه زنجیره تامین حلقه بسته کارآمد و پایدار: یک فرمول تصادفی دو مرحله ای با روش راه حل ترکیبی-2021 In recent years, consumers and legislators have pushed companies to design their supply chain networks to consider environmental and social impacts as an important performance outcome. Due to the role of resource utilization as a key component of logistics network design, another primary goal of design is ensuring available scarce resources are used as efficiently as possible across all facilities. To address efficiency issues in a sustainable closed-loop supply chain network, a stochastic integrated multi-objective mixed integer nonlinear programming model is developed in this paper, in which sustainability outcomes as well as efficiency of facility resource utilization are considered in the design of a sustainable supply chain network. In doing so, efficiency is assessed using a bi-objective output-oriented data envelopment analysis model. A hybrid three-step solution methodology is presented that creates a linear form of the original mixed integer nonlinear programming problem using piecewise McCormick envelopes approach. In the second step, an aggregated single objective programming model is derived by exploiting the multi-choice goal programming. Finally, a Lagrangian relaxation algorithm is developed to effectively solve the latter stochastic single objective mixed integer linear programming problem. The application of the proposed approach is investigated with data drawn from a case study in the electronics industry. This case study illustrates how firms may balance sustainability and efficiency in the supply chain network design problem. Further, it demonstrates the integration of efficiency results in improving economic aspects of sustainability as well as social responsibility outcomes, but also highlights the trade-offs that exist between efficiency and environmental impacts. Keywords: Closed-loop supply chain network | Sustainability | Data envelopment analysis | Stochastic programming | Multi-choice goal programming | Lagrangian relaxation |
مقاله انگلیسی |
5 |
Knowledge and behavior changes in clinician after training of partnership for Diabetes Control in Indonesia
دانش و رفتار تغییرات در پزشک پس از آموزش مشارکت برای کنترل دیابت در اندونزی-2021 Background and aims: One of the main determinants of successful diabetes management is the quality of
healthcare provider including general practitioner and internist which can be increased through medical
training. This study aimed to describe the changes of clinician’s knowledge and behavior of comprehensive diabetes management training program around Indonesia.
Method: We conducted a three-day training program for general practitioners and internists for 3.5
years, 2013 to 2016. All clinicians invited as voluntary participant to send their patient data from medical
record. Each participant was expected to submit a minimum of 25 type 2 diabetes (T2DM) set patient
data before and 6 months after training program to analyze the impact of program in physician
knowledge and behavior related to diabetes management.
Result: 120 of 489 voluntary participants submitted completed baseline data with 4676 patient data.
Meanwhile, only 32 participants that submitted completed data of 6 months before after training with
886 patient data. Most of parameters were improve before and after program. The greatest and lowest
improvement were on A1c measurement (21%) and smoking assessment (2%).
Conclusion: Intensive seminar and training was not enough to empower diabetes management. This
research might push the creation of clinical practice program that were tailored to each care facilities and
integrated within routine care aimed at continual improvement of its healthcare worker.
keywords: آموزش | دیابت | دانش | رفتار - اخلاق | Training | Diabetes | Knowledge | Behavior |
مقاله انگلیسی |
6 |
Mapping foodborne pathogen contamination throughout the conventional and alternative poultry supply chains
نقشه برداری از آلودگی پاتوژن ناشی از مواد غذایی در سراسر زنجیره های تأمین مرغ های متداول و جایگزین-2021 Recently, there has been a consumer
push for natural and organic food products. This
has caused alternative poultry production, such as
organic, pasture, and free-range systems, to grow in
popularity. Due to the stricter rearing practices of
alternative poultry production systems, different
types of levels of microbiological risks might be
present for these systems when compared to conventional production systems. Both conventional
and alternative production systems have complex
supply chains that present many different
opportunities for flocks of birds or poultry meat to
be contaminated with foodborne pathogens. As
such, it is important to understand the risks
involved during each step of production. The purpose of this review is to detail the potential routes
of foodborne pathogen transmission throughout the
conventional and alternative supply chains, with a
special emphasis on the differences in risk between
the two management systems, and to identify gaps
in knowledge that could assist, if addressed, in
poultry risk-based decision making.
Key words: broilers | alternative broiler production | Salmonella | Campylobacter | organic |
مقاله انگلیسی |
7 |
Current account drivers and exchange rate regimes in Central and Eastern Europe
پیش برندگان دحساب جاری و رژیم های نرخ ارز در اروپای مرکزی و شرقی-2021 The paper seeks to determine the factors that drive the current account dynamics of the 11
EU members from Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Panel data models are estimated on
annual data for the period 1997–2017 and both domestic pull factors and external push
factors are included. The models are, as a key innovation, estimated separately for floating
and fixed exchange rate regimes. The current account exhibits substantial persistence in
both cases. For the floaters, the current account is driven by domestic factors while external factors appear unimportant. For the fixers, the current account is mainly driven by
external factors, suggesting there is substantial vulnerability to external developments.
The analysis underscores the importance of the exchange rate regime for the drivers of
the current account balance in the CEE countries.
keywords: تعادل حساب جاری | رژیم نرخ ارز | سیاست های اقتصادی | مرکزی و اروپای شرقی | Current account balance | Exchange rate regime | Economic policies | Central and Eastern Europe |
مقاله انگلیسی |
8 |
The application of blockchain-based crypto assets for integrating the physical and financial supply chains in the construction & engineering industry
کاربرد دارایی های رمزنگاری مبتنی بر بلاکچین برای ادغام زنجیره های تأمین فیزیکی و مالی در صنعت ساخت و مهندسی-2021 Supply chain integration remains an elusive goal for the construction and engineering industry. The high degree of fragmentation and the reliance on financial institutions has pushed the physical and financial supply chains apart. The paper demonstrates how blockchain-based crypto assets address this limitation when used for conditioning payments on the flow of products. The integration of flows is contrasted in today’s supply chains and those using crypto assets for their payment settlement. The thesis is validated in two construction projects where a smart contract administered payments in crypto currencies and crypto tokens. The findings reveal that crypto assets can enhance both the granularity and the atomicity of the integration between the cash and product flows; the on- and off-chain realities can be directly linked in crypto asset-enabled supply chains. The paper concludes with a discussion of risks such as regulatory landscapes, security, and price volatility and offers potential solutions. |
مقاله انگلیسی |
9 |
Diaspora entrepreneurs’ push and pull institutional factors for investing in Africa : Insights from African returnees from the United Kingdom
فشار و جذب عوامل نهادی کارآفرینان دیاسپورا برای سرمایه گذاری در آفریقا: بینش بازگشت کنندگان آفریقایی از انگلستان-2020 Applying the institution-based views, this article conceptualises how diaspora entrepreneurs take stimuli from
the push and pull institutional factors to develop business enterprises in their countries of origin. Using cases of
African diaspora entrepreneurs in the UK and the grounded theory methodological approach, our conceptualised
model demonstrates that the diasporas use the new knowledge, skills and wealth they have gained in the UK in
tandem with support from trusted family, kinship and business ties at home to develop enterprises. It further
demonstrates that diaspora entrepreneurs foster resilience to withstand weak formal institutions in their
countries of origin and the discriminatory obstacles in the UK. We also found that institutional barriers which
served as push factors that encouraged or forced migrants to leave their home countries to seek greener pastures
abroad may later become pull factors that enable them to engage in diaspora entrepreneurship which is often
characterised by paradoxes. Particularly, the informal institutions that constrain foreign investors can become
assets for African diaspora entrepreneurs and help them set up new businesses and exploit market opportunities
in Africa. The implications of the study for diaspora entrepreneurship literature are outlined. Keywords: Africa | Institutional challenges | Policy | Diaspora entrepreneurs | Entrepreneurship | Institutions |
مقاله انگلیسی |
10 |
Optimal planning of distributed photovoltaic generation for the traction power supply system of high-speed railway
برنامه ریزی بهینه از تولید فتوولتائیک توزیع شده برای سیستم منبع تغذیه کششی راه آهن با سرعت بالا-2020 The ever-increasing electricity price and energy consumption in high-speed railway industry push
railway companies to seek a promising way to realize their sustainable developments. Making full use of
the solar resource along with high-speed railways can be a potential solution to cut the electricity bill,
bring more profit to railway companies and realize the decarbonization of high-speed railway industry.
This paper studies the optimal planning of distributed photovoltaic generation (DPVG) and energy
storage system (ESS) for the traction power supply system (TPSS) of high-speed railway. A quantitative
method is proposed to study the time and space characteristics of photovoltaic generation and electricity
demand of high-speed trains. An integrated cost-benefit analysis framework is developed to evaluate the
effect of DPVG and ESS on the economy of TPSS. To derive the optimal planning scheme and energy
management strategy of DPVG and ESS, a mathematical programming model with the objective of
minimizing the total cost is proposed to seek the most economical solution. A hybrid global optimal
solution approach is developed to solve the model. A real-world case of Beijing-Baoding high-speed
railway in China is used to illustrate the capability and characteristics of the proposed model. The
computational results show that DPVG is able to supply 32:5% electricity demand of high-speed trains.
The integration of DPVG and ESS can help railway company save 4.2 million CNY each year in Beijing-
Baoding high-speed railway. This paper demonstrates the potential and applicability of DPVG and ESS
in high-speed railway industry. Keywords: High-speed railway | Photovoltaic generation | Energy storage system | Traction power supply system |
مقاله انگلیسی |