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1 |
Did parental involvement laws grow teeth? The effects ofstate restrictions on minors’ access to abortion
آیا قوانین درگیری والدین باعث رشد دندان شدند؟ اثرات محدودیت دولت در دسترسی افراد زیر سن قانونی به سقط جنین-2020 We compile data on the locations of abortion providers and enforcement of parentalinvolvement laws to document dramatic increases in the distances minors must travel ifthey wish to obtain an abortion without involving a parent or judge: from 58 miles in 1992to 454 in 2016. Using both double and triple-difference estimation strategies, we estimatethe effects of parental involvement laws, allowing them to vary with the distances minorsmight travel to avoid them. Our results confirm previous findings that parental involvementlaws did not increase teen births in the 1980s, and provide new evidence that in more recentdecades they have increased teen birth by an average of 3 percent. The estimated effectsare increasing in avoidance distance to the point that a confidential abortion is more thana day’s drive away, and also are substantially larger in the poorest quartile of counties. Keywords:Abortion | Parental involvement| Teen birthsa |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Geothermal resource and reserve assessment methodology: Overview, analysis and future directions
منابع زمین گرمایی و روش ارزیابی ذخایر: بررسی اجمالی ، تجزیه و تحلیل و مسیرهای آینده-2020 Resource assessment and reserve estimation play a crucial role in the decision-making, financing, development,
and operation of geothermal projects. The present study critically examines all existing resource assessment
methodology and practices when quantifying power potential of geothermal fields. The potential generating
capacity of geothermal projects at the early stage of development, where there is limited information about the
resource, is typically estimated using the volumetric method. Sustainable operation and management of existing
geothermal fields, on the other hand, rely on developing and updating a calibrated numerical reservoir model.
To-date, the volumetric method and reservoir simulation remain the most appropriate tools to use for geothermal
resource assessment. The former method is the recommended approach for projects that are still at the early
stage of development, while the latter technique is for predicting sustainable production capacity after exploration
drilling. However, building a numerical model for a project at the early due diligence stage is also useful
and can complement the volumetric method. Most studies of resource assessment methodologies highlight the
difficulty of obtaining accurate, predictable generating output potential. Quantification of uncertainty in predictable
output is carried out using the Monte Carlo method. This review demonstrates that the probabilistic
assessment using Experimental Design (ED) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is a more promising
technique that can be easier and quicker to implement. Keywords: Resource assessment | Resource assessment methodology | Power potential | Volumetric method | Numerical reservoir simulation | Probabilistic resource assessment |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Selection of an optimized metal oxide semiconductor sensor (MOS) array for freshness characterization of strawberry in polymer packages using response surface method (RSM)
انتخاب آرایه سنسور نیمه هادی اکسید فلزی بهینه سازی شده (MOS) برای توصیف طراوت توت فرنگی در بسته های پلیمری با استفاده از روش سطح پاسخ (RSM)-2019 An eight metal oxide semiconductor sensor (MOS) based electronic nose (e-nose) has been used to characterize
freshness of strawberry in different polymer package types. Pattern recognition methods such as principal
component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and support vector machine (SVM) were used to
classify and investigate the effects of polymer packages on strawberry freshness. The packages were Ethylene
Vinyl Alcohol (EVOH), Polypropylene (PPP), and Polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The response surface method (RSM)
was considered for selection of optimized sensor array in terms of the contribution of each sensor in sample
classification. Sample headspace patterns were examined on days 1, 8 and 16. The results revealed that PCA
explains 84% of the variance between the data. The LDA classified samples with an accuracy of 86.4%. The SVM
method with polynomial function could accurately recognize samples as C-SVM by 86.4% and 50.6% in training
and validation, and as Nu-SVM by 85.2% and 55.6% in training and validation with a radial basis function,
respectively. Finally, among the eight sensors used in the study, MQ8, MQ3, TGS813, MQ4, and MQ136 sensors
were selected as optimal response sensors using RSM to reduce the cost of fabrication. Furthermore, optimal
application sensors for each polymer package were identified using RSM. Keywords: Electronic nose | Strawberry | Response surface | Optimized sensors |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Machine learning modelling for the ultrasonication-mediated disruption of recombinant E: coli for the efficient release of nitrilase
مدل سازی یادگیری ماشین برای اختلال امواج فراصوت واسطه نوترکیب E: coli برای انتشار کارآمد نیتریلاز-2019 The ultrasonication-mediated cell disruption of recombinant E. coli was modeled using three machine learning
techniques namely Multiple linear regression (MLR), Multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and Sequential minimal
optimization (SMO). The four attributes were cellmass concentration (g/L), acoustic power (A), duty cycle (%)
and treatment time of sonication (min). For the three responses (nitrilase, total protein release and cell disruption)
MLP model was found to be at par with RSM model in terms of generalization as well as prediction
capability. Nitrilase release was significantly influenced by the cellmass concentration so was in case of total
protein release. Fraction of cells disrupted was heavily influenced by acoustic power and sonication time. Almost
32 U/mL nitrilase could be released for 300 g/L cellmass concentration when sonicated at 225W for 1 min with
20% duty cycle. Keywords: Machine learning model | Escherichia coli | Ultrasonication | Multi-layer perceptron | Nitrilase |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Missing link between sustainability collaborative strategy and supply chain performance: Role of dynamic capability
از دست رفتن رابطه بین راهبرد مشارکتی ماندگاری و عملکرد زنجیره تامین: نقش قابلیت پویا-2018 Formulation of right strategies is believed to be able to bring sustainable performance across triple bottom line (TBL), i.e., economic, environmental and social aspects within and across organizations. The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of misaligned collaboration and dynamic capabilities on TBL performance. Misaligned collaboration signifies those configurations of collaboration that deviate from ideal profile of collaboration. The ideal profile of collaboration corresponds to superior performance. Collaboration has been operationalized through joint planning and resource sharing (JPRS) and collaborative culture (CC) which brings relational aspects into collaboration. Specifically, this research provides important extensions to the theory of profile deviation and dynamic capabilities (DC) perspective in the context of sustainable supply chain performance and misaligned collaboration utilizing the empirical evidence. Uniqueness of the proposed model is established by comparing with four other alternate models. We find both JPRSmisalign (misalignment of JPRS from the ideal profile) and CCmisalign (misalignment of CC from the ideal profile) influence all dimensions of TBL through DCs. Only direct influence of CCmisalign on operational and social performance is significant. Results convey the need of building DCs when collaboration is misaligned with its ideal profile, and this misalignment produces detrimental effects on DCs and TBL performance. This research contributes significantly by building unique model to develop and maintain sustainability. Further, theoretical and managerial contributions are highlighted and contested with existing knowledge.
keywords: Sustainability |Supply chain performance |Collaborative strategy |Profile deviation |Survey research |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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بهینه سازی ساچمه پاشی با ابزار تصمیم گیری پیچیده: تصمیم گیری چند معیاره
سال انتشار: 2018 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 9 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 25 فرایند ساچمه پاشی کنترل شده با دو روش مستقل: (1) ساچمه پاشی اولیه از نوار Almen برای تعیین شدت مورد نظر، (2) ساچمه کاری نمونه واقعی با شدت Almen ، انجام شد. ساچمه پاشی Almen در مرحله اول زمان زیادی طول می کشد. که علت آن این است که علاوه بر استفاده از پارامترهای ورودی، اندازه گیری ارتفاع قوس و کنترل شدت Almen نیز باید به طور پیوسته انجام شود. نتایج به طور مستقیم بر ویژگی های واقعی موثر است. با این حال اندازه گیری ارتفاع و تنظیم پارامترهای ورودی به تکنسین کارفرما بستگی دارد. بنابراین، روش عددی با مدلسازی اجزای محدود (FEM) ، شبکه عصبی مصنوعی (ANN) و RSM (روش شناسی سطح پاسخ) پیشرفت بیشتری دارد. بدین منظور، روش عددی دیگری از جمله تصمیم گیری چند معیاره (MCDM) توسعه یافته اند و همچنین در مقایسه با نتایج آزمایشگاهی، زبری سطح و سختی سطح قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که روش های MCDM با خودشان سازگار هستند و در چارچوب پارامترهای ورودی (فشار هوا، اندازه ساچمه، طول ساچمه باری) و پارامترهای خروجی نیز سازگار است (سختی سطح، زبری سطح). رویکرد Topsis نتایج سازگار را در مقایسه با دیگر رویکردها و شرایط آزمایشی ارائه می دهد.
کليدواژگان: شدت Almen | ساچمه کاری | Topsis | Vikor | GRA | MCDM |
مقاله ترجمه شده |
7 |
Self-organizing Mesh Topology Formation in Internet of Things with Heterogeneous Devices
تشکیل سامانه توپولوژیکی مش در اینترنت چیزهایی با دستگاه های ناهمگن-2017 This paper focuses on the design of self-organizing
algorithms for mesh topology formation between low-power
short-range heterogeneous devices. To this end, we consider
randomly deployed devices that are heterogeneous in terms of
characteristics such as energy source (e.g. mains, rechargeable
battery, and coin-cell), computational resources, and communication capabilities. Resilient topology formation is considered in
a Bluetooth based setting, where devices communicate locally to
form pico-nets comprising of devices in master and slave roles.
These pico-nets are connected via primary and secondary bridges
that forward the traffic between the pico-nets. A role suitability
metric based on the device characteristics (e.g. energy source
and number of neighbors) is used to assign appropriate roles
to devices. By energy aware RSM based topology formation,
more than 100% increase in network lifetime over the baseline
approach is achieved. And by adding secondary bridges between
piconets ≈ 35% further increase in network lifetime is shown
|
مقاله انگلیسی |
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What are causes of cash flow bullwhip effect in centralized and decentralized supply chains?
علل اثرگذاری جریان پول نقد در چرخه عرضه متمرکز و غیر متمرکز چیست؟-2017 Bullwhip effect in supply chain is a phenomenon which can emerge in both inventory lev
els and replenishment orders. Bullwhip effect causes variations in cash conversion cycle
(CCC) across cash flow of supply chain. As a result, it can lead to inefficiencies such as
cash flow bullwhip (CFB). Due to negative impact of CFB on cash flow of supply chain, it
can lead to a decrease in efficiency of supply chain management (SCM). That is why sup
ply chain modeling is a proper start point for effective management and control of the
CFB. This paper aims to analyze concurrent impact of causes of inventory bullwhip effect
and effect of their interactions on CFB based on generalized OUT policy from aspect of
CCC variance. To this end, first we develop system dynamics structure of beer distribution
game as simulation model which includes multi-stage supply chain under both central
ized and decentralized supply chains. Then, in order to develop CFB function, we design
experiments in developed simulation model using response surface methodology (RSM).
Results demonstrate that if each chain member uses generalized OUT policy as replen
ishment model, there still exists CFB in both chains and CFB largely stems from rationing
and shortage gaming in both centralized and decentralized supply chain. In addition, when
information on ordering parameters are not shared among members, parameters of down
stream stage (i.e. retailer) are more important than parameters of upstream stage (i.e. man
ufacturer) in reducing CFB function.
Keywords: Supply chain management | Bullwhip effect | Cash flow bullwhip |Response surface methodology |
مقاله انگلیسی |
9 |
Performance of coated and uncoated mixed ceramic tools in hard turning process
عملکرد ابزار سرامیک مخلوط پوششدار و بدون پوشش در فرایند تبدیل سخت-2016 The present contribution deals with the study of the effects of cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut on the performance of machining which traditionally named ‘‘machinability”. The focus is made on the effect of the pre-cited cutting parameters on the evolution of sur- face roughness and cutting force components during hard turning of AISI D3 cold work tool steel with CC6050 and CC650 ceramic inserts. Also, for both ceramics a comparison of theirwear evolution with time and its impact on the surface equality was proposed. The plan-Keywords:Hard turningning of experiments was based on Taguchi’s L16orthogonal array. The analysis of varianceSurface roughness Cutting forceTool wear Taguchi method RSM(ANOVA), the signal-to-noise ratio and response surface methodology (RSM) were adopted.Consequently, the validity of proposed linear regression model was checked and the most important parameter affecting the surface roughness and cutting force components were determined. Furthermore, in order to determine the levels of the cutting regime that lead to minimum surface roughness and minimum machining force the relationship between cutting factors was analyzed. The results revealed that the surface quality obtained with the coated CC6050 ceramic insert is 1.6 times better than the one obtained with uncoated CC650 ceramic insert. However, the uncoated ceramic insert was useful in reducing the machining force.© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Hard turning | Surface roughness | Cutting force | Tool wear | Taguchi method | RSM |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Machinability evaluation and desirability function optimization of turning parameters for Cr2O3 doped zirconia toughened alumina (Cr-ZTA) cutting insert in high speed machining of steel
ارزیابی ماشینکاری و تابع مطلوبیت بهینه سازی تبدیل پارامترهای Cr2O3 به آلومینیوم نشکن زیرکونیا (کروم، ZTA) برش درج در ماشینکاری با سرعت بالا از فولاد-2016 In present study, mechanical properties, microstructure and machining parameter optimization of Cr2O3 doped zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) ceramic insert have been investigated for application in high speed turning of AISI 4340 steel with achieving maximum tool life. The yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) in α-Al2O3 matrix with varying percentage of co-doped chromia (Cr2O3) is prepared to study the phase transformation behaviour. The samples are uniaxially pressed in the form of cutting inserts and subsequently sintered at 1600 1C to evaluate the mechanical properties. Hardness and fracture toughness reaches the highest value i.e. 17.40 GPa and 7.20 MPa m1/2 respectively at 0.6% Cr2O3 doped ZTA due to more metastable tetragonal ZrO2 phase present in the alumina matrix. After 50 min of machining, the flank wear and surface roughness are found well below the tool rejection criteria. The cutting force also does not affect detrimentally on the job–tool interface. Turning experiments have been adopted as per central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with varying 3 levels of cutting speed (140 m/ min, 280 m/min, 420 m/min), feed rate (0.12 mm/rev, 0.18 mm/rev, 0.24 mm/rev) and depth of cut (0.50 mm, 1.00 mm, 1.50 mm). The effect of each input parameter on output responses is investigated using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and modelled using regression analysis. The influence of cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut is observed maximum for determination of flank wear, cutting force and surface roughnessrespectively. Cutting speed of 420 m/min with feed rate of 0.12 mm/rev and depth of cut of 0.5 mm has been shown as optimized condition with 83.32% desirability for minimum tool failure and maximum tool life.& 2015 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved. Keywords: Chromia | Zirconia toughened alumina | Machinability | Central composite design | Response surface methodology |
مقاله انگلیسی |