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Assessing the racial aspects of police force using the implicit- and counter-bias perspectives
بررسی جنبه های نژاد پرستانه نیروی پلیس با استفاده از دیدگاه های ضمنی - و ضد تعصب-2016 Purpose: The events in Ferguson in August 2014 reignited the longstanding national discussion of race and the
police use of force. Recent theory and research from those who study human biases have produced contradictory
predictions about how a subjects race might impact on officers decisions to use force. The “implicit-bias perspective” claims that officers biases should produce a greater tendency to use force against Black subjects; the “counter bias” perspective predicts lesser force against Blacks, due to officers concerns about the consequences of
using force against racial/ethnic minorities. The implicit-bias perspective also predicts a moderating impact of
neighborhood context; specifically, this perspective predicts that the use of greater force against racial/ethnic minorities will disappear in high crime neighborhoods.
Methods: The current study examined 1846 use-of-force incidents to determine whether the racial aspects of force are consistent with the implicit-bias or counter-bias perspectives. Results: Selected results were consistent with the implicit-bias perspective, including the predicted moderating impact of neighborhood crime on the relationship between subject race and force. Conclusions: Additional research should assess whether actual uses of force are consistent with the implicit-bias or counter-bias perspectives but, it is argued, the implications for training are the same for both. Keywords: Police | Law enforcement | Use of force | Racial profiling | Racial bias | Implicit bias |
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