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نتیجه جستجو - Regional temperature

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 2
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Identification of the key landscape metrics indicating regional temperature at different spatial scales and vegetation transpiration
شناسایی معیارهای اصلی چشم انداز که نشانگر دمای منطقه در مقیاسهای مختلف مکانی و تعرق پوشش گیاهی است-2020
Land use changes are widely known as one of the drivers of land surface temperature variation. However, the influence of composition of various land use types and their configuration, i.e. landscape pattern, on regional temperature is still unknown. We test the hypotheses: (1) surface air temperature would vary according to landscape pattern, and (2) these effects would vary, demonstrating scale- and site-dependence effects through different vegetation transpiration rates. The relationships of 360 landscape metrics, indicating multiple dimensions of landscape pattern, and regional temperature at five climatic zones at five spatial scales in southern hilly China were examined through Pearson correlation analysis, stepwise regression and redundancy analysis. The area and number of grassland, building, and dry cropland patches are positively correlated with temperature; the area and density of forestland, shrubland, wet cropland, and water patches have cooling effects. The optimal scale and landscape metrics are also different between different climate zones. Landscape-level vegetation transpiration, determined by the dominant species, may partially explain why landscape pattern affects regional temperature. These findings provide new insights for understanding land use–temperature interactions and designing climate adaptation and mitigation strategies. Suitable landscape pattern, optimal scale, and dominant species should be considered in landscape planning and land use management to mitigate the impacts of the projected climatic warming.
Keywords: Landscape pattern | Scale effect | Regional temperature | Vegetation transpiration
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Simulated climate adaptation in storm-water systems: Evaluating the efficiency of within-system flexibility
سازگاری آب و هوایی شبیه سازی شده در سیستمهای سیلاب: بررسی کارآمدی انعطاف پذیری داخل سیستم-2018
Changes in regional temperature and precipitation patterns resulting from global climate change may adversely affect the performance of long-lived infrastructure. Adaptation may be necessary to ensure that infrastructure offers consistent service and remains cost effective. But long service times and deep uncertainty associated with future climate projections make adaptation decisions especially challenging for managers. Incorporating flexibility into systems can increase their effectiveness across different climate futures but can also add significant costs. In this paper we review existing work on flexibility in climate change adaptation of infrastructure, such as robust decision-making and dynamic adaptive pathways, apply a basic typology of flexibility, and test alternative strategies for flexibility in distributed infrastructure systems comprised of multiple emplacements of a common, long-lived element: roadway culverts. Rather than treating a system of dispersed infrastructure elements as monolithic, we simulate “options flexibility” in which inherent differences in individual elements is incorporated into adaptation decisions. We use a virtual testbed of highway drainage crossing structures to examine the performance under different climate scenarios of policies that allow for multiple adaptation strategies with varying timing based on individual emplacement characteristics. Results indicate that a strategy with options flexibility informed by crossing characteristics offers a more efficient method of adaptation than do monolithic policies. In some cases this results in more cost-effective adaptation for agencies building long-lived, climate-sensitive infrastructure, even where detailed system data and analytical capacity is limited.
keywords: Climate adaptation |Stormwater management |Adaptation pathways
مقاله انگلیسی
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