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Seasonal variation in biometric parameters in a population of the endangered blue land crab (Cardisoma guanhumi): Indicators for assessment and management
تغییرات فصلی در پارامترهای بیومتریک در جمعیت خرچنگ آبی در خطر انقراض (Cardisoma guanhumi): شاخص های ارزیابی و مدیریت-2021 Cardisoma guanhumi is a land decapod crustacean distributed along the eastern Atlantic. Currently,
this species is included in the Brazilian list of aquatic species overexploited or threatened with
overexploitation. This study performed biometric analysis and assessed reproductive dynamics of the
blue land crab Cardisoma guanhumi in Acaú-Goiana Extractive Reserve, a coastal marine protected area
in northeast Brazil. From January 2019 to December 2020, biometric data were evaluated from 539
captured individuals by an artisanal trap. In addition, male gonads and hepatopancreas were removed
and fixed in formalin solution to analyse morphological reproductive indicators by gonadal (GSI) and
hepatosomatic (HSI) index calculation. In summary, the population of blue land crab showed 322 males
and 217 females. We observed a difference in variation of mean seasonal carapace width (54.73–
56.67 mm). The condition factor ranged from 0.97 to 1.07, showing significant differences between
the years and the seasons with high values observed in the dry season in 2019 and 2020. The weight–
length relationships showed negative allometric growth for males (b = 2.586, a = 0.010) and females
(b = 2.229, a = 0.291). The monthly distribution of the hepatosomatic (HSI) index did not show a clear
annual pattern, but GSI differed between the months, indicating two seasonal groupings of Jan–Feb
and May–August–Nov. The reproductive indicators of C. guanhumi evaluated here may indicate that the
environmental influence and fishing pressure are the main factors that drive its reproductive seasons.
Thus, it is noteworthy to indicate conservation efforts from January to April, when should be considered
the breeding season for the species. In addition, long-term monitoring in the Extractive Reserve Acaú-
Goiana must be considered for studies of population structure and gene flow of Cardisoma guanhumi,
prioritizing the preservation of their habitats. Keywords: Crab harvesters | Condition factor | Growth | Reproduction | Gecarcinidae |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Dynamic 3D image simulation of basketball movement based on embedded system and computer vision
شبیه سازی تصویر پویا سه بعدی حرکت بسکتبال بر اساس سیستم تعبیه شده و بینایی ماشین-2021 Traditional empirical basketball teaching methods can be repeated, affecting serious basketball training efficiency and the acquisition of technical essentials. Based on this problem, the basketball training reproduction framework is built utilizing augmented reality innovation. The framework sets up a virtual reenactment model ofa ballplayer planning a player’s track. Simultaneously, as a helping player, it captures the basketball player’sactual situation, compares them with the simulated trajectories, and provides more targeted training. Based on virtual reality-based Virtual Data Augmentation Technology (VDRT), basketball technology’s teaching mode allows players to acquire key points of sports skills and significantly improve basketball players’ training efficiency as soon as possible. With the quick improvement of current science and innovation, for example, center, science and innovation, and electronic data innovation, more educational activities are being applied. However, modern educational methods’ important content is to master and use modern educational equipment and processes. This article uses basic concepts, characteristics, and virtual reality techniques and literature and information methods to explain the types of role play in basketball lessons. Finally, it analyzes the application programs of basketball theory education, technical education, tactical instruction and educational competitions that provide scientific standards for future basketball education reform. Keywords: Basketball movement | virtual data reinforcement technique (VDRT) | Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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شدت و پتانسیل انتقال کرونا در کره جنوبی
سال انتشار: 2020 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 6 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 14 اهداف: ازآنجایی که اولین مورد کروناویروس جدید 2019(کوید-19) در 20 ژانویۀ 2020 در کرۀ شمالی شناسایی شد، تعداد موارد به سرعت افزایش یافت به طوری که تا 6 مارس 2020، منجربه ابتلای6284 مورد و فوت42 نفر شد. اولین تحقیق درمورد گزارش تعداد تکثیر کوید-19 در کرۀ جنوبی را برای بررسی سرعت شیوع بیماری، ارائه می دهیم.
روش کار: موارد روزانۀ تأیید شدۀ کوید-19 در کرۀ جنوبی از منابع عمومی موجود استخراج شد. با استفاده از توزیع تجربی گزارشات دارای تأخیر و شبیه سازی مدل رشد کلی، تعداد تکثیر مؤثر را برمبنای توزیع احتمال گسستۀ فاصلۀ زایشی ارزیابی کردیم. نتایج: چهار گروه اصلی را شناسایی و تعداد تکثیر را 1.5(1.6-1.4 CI: 95%) برآورد کردیم. به علاوه، نرخ رشد طبیعی 0.6 (0.7، 0.6 CI: 95%) و مقیاس بندی پارامتر رشد 0.8 (0.8،0.7 CI: 95%) برآورد شدند، که نشان-دهندۀ پویایی رشد زیر نمایی کوید-19 می باشد. نرخ مرگ و میر موارد خام در بین مردان (1.1%) در مقایسه با زنان (0.4%) بیشتر است و با افزایش سن افزایش می یابد. نتیجه گیری: نتایج ما انتقال پایدار اولیۀ کوید-19 در کرۀ جنوبی را نشان می دهد و از اجرای اقدامات فاصله گذاری اجتماعی برای کنترل سریع شیوع بیماری حمایت می کند. کلمات کلیدی: کروناویروس | کوید-19 | کره | تعداد تکثیر |
مقاله ترجمه شده |
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AI- modelling of molecular identification and feminization of wolbachia infected Aedes aegypti
مدل سازی هوش مصنوعی شناسایی مولکولی و مونی سازی wolbachia infected Aedes aegypti-2020 Background: The genetic control strategies of vector borne diseases includes the replacement of a vector
population by “disease-refractory” mosquitoes and the release of mosquitoes with a gene to control the
vectors reproduction rates. Wolbachia are common intracellular bacteria that are found in arthropods
and nematodes. Wolbachia infected male mosquitos have been used in different experimental trials
around the world to suppress the target population of Aedes aegypti and this genetic control strategy has
proved to be a promising alternative to other treatment strategies. Due to certain limitations, the successful
application of this strategy is still awaited.
Methods: Mathematical frame work for Wolbachia induced genetic control strategy has been developed
in this article. With the aid of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools, accurate parametric values are depicted. For
the first time, the model is well synchronized with the experimental findings. The model is comprised of
the generalized varying coefficient and multiple mating rates between infected and uninfected compartments
of Aedes aegypti dengue to forecast the disease control.
Results: Two mathematical models are developed in this article to demonstrate different mating rates of
the genetic control strategy. The important parameters and time varying coefficients are well demonstrated
with the aid of numerical computations. The resulting thresholds and forecasting may prove to be
a useful tool for future experimental studies.
Conclusions: From our analysis, we have concluded that the genetic control strategy is a promising
technique and the role of Wolbachia infected male mosquitos, in genetic control strategies, can be better
interpreted in an inexpensive manner with the aid of a theoretical model. Keywords: Dengue reproduction inhibition | Genetic control | Dynamical analysis | Kinetic modelling | Numerical simulations |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Biology, ecology and behavior of the acoupa weakfish Cynoscion acoupa (Lacepade, , 1801) according to the local knowledge of fishermen in the northern coast of Brazil
زیست شناسی، بوم شناسی و رفتار acoupa weakfish Cynoscion acoupa (Lacepade، 1801) با توجه به دانش محلی ماهیگیران در سواحل شمالی برزیل-2020 Local ecological knowledge (LEK) of fishers and other actors involved in the fishery can be provide information
on the life cycle of fish species they harvest, help defining low-cost sampling projects, new biological hypotheses,
management activities and policy measures. This study focuses on fishers’ LEK on diet, feeding, spawning
grounds, reproductive size, exploited sizes and perceived changes in abundance over the years of the acoupa
weakfish (Cynoscion acoupa), a commercially important marine species. Results from interviews with 240 actors
(fishers, captains and boat owners) involved in C. acoupa fisheries in eight municipalities in the northern coast of
Brazil indicated that: (a) C. acoupa feeds in areas with rocky bottoms down to the depth of 30 m, eating mainly
fish, particularly another weakfish (Macrodon ancylodon) and sardines (Engraulidae); (b) this fish spawns in
rocky and non-estuarine habitats; (c) the spawning period mentioned by fishers coincided with the harvest
period, but was in disagreement with published scientific information; (d) the median minimum length of individuals
of C. acoupa carrying eggs according to interviews was of 70 cm, which was smaller than the length
reported in biological studies, possible due to the selectiveness of fishing; (e) there is an overall perception of a
decrease in the abundance of C. acoupa among the interviewed fishers, which is compatible with studies on stock
exploitation of this species. The current dearth of financial and human resources available for scientific research
underlines the importance of making use of LEK to improve fishery policy and management. Keywords: Fisheries management | Commercial fisheries | Fish reproduction | Stock abundance | Exploited sizes | Spawning periods |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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At the boundaries of institutional theorizing: Individual entrepreneurship in episodes of regulatory change
در مرزهای نظریه پردازی نهادی: کارآفرینی فردی در دوره های تغییر نظارتی-2020 We analyse the institutional dynamics surrounding the establishment of independent audit oversight in
Germany from 1997 to 2016. Complementing prior works, which have focused on countries where the
global demand for independent regulation coincides with the domestic erosion of public trust in professional self-regulation, we investigate regulatory change in a context featuring strong trust in the
accounting profession. To analyse the accounting establishment’s response to expanding global standards of accounting regulation and the escalating resistance of small accounting firms, as orchestrated by
one individual, we mobilize a Bourdieusian field perspective and the literature on institutional entrepreneurship. By demonstrating how intra-professional conflict has increasingly eroded the establishment’s capital to reproduce its hegemonic field position and keep the regulator at distance, our case
provides a counterpoint to prior research, which suggests that oversight is mainly the product of negotiations between a unified profession and the regulatory authority. Examining a rare instance of individual entrepreneurship also enables us to engage in a theory-testing process on the explanatory
power of institutional ambiguitiesdthe subjectively perceived ruptures and contradictions within
established social arrangementsdfor agency. Our findings suggest that ongoing encounters with institutional ambiguities result in varying disposition to activism. In this way, while acknowledging agency as
a cause of field reproduction and change, our analysis shifts attention towards the relational, temporal,
and transformational institutional dynamics that constitute distinct modes of agency. By identifying
empirical residuals that seem to escape theorization, we also reveal the limits of institutional theorizing.
Keywords: Audit oversight | Institutional entrepreneurship | Field change | Institutional ambiguities | Institutional biography |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Techno-economic performance analysis of zero energy house applications with home energy management system in Japan
تجزیه و تحلیل عملکرد فنی و اقتصادی کاربردهای خانه انرژی صفر با سیستم مدیریت انرژی خانگی در ژاپن-2020 ZEHs are one of the main practices in current Japanese low carbon demonstration projects. ZEHs with wide implementation of HEMS are expected to provide energy and cost-saving chances and are playing more as prosumers under collaboratively designed power-pricing schemes. This research focused on in- vestigating the techno-economic performance of real ZEH applications in Japan. Firstly, we introduced the current technological innovations and coordinated smart management strategies to optimize the cost or energy-saving performance of the ZEHs. Then, we illustrated the operational performances of four typical ZEHs focused on the power of self-sufficiency and dynamic power balance. Meanwhile, we examined the role of HEMS in managing integrated on-site generators based on how they operated according to histori- cal data. Results indicated that day-ahead prediction helped enhance the matching scenario between daily thermal consumption and preproduction of heat pumps, fuel cells could respond effectively to changes in simultaneous electricity and heating loads, and cogeneration systems could enhance the local electric- ity self-sufficiency ratio and reduce net load fluctuations, especially under high heating demand periods. We also concluded that efficient performance of ZEHs is not just a matter of advanced technologies but is also highly dependent on real-time demand-side management and local load-matching scenarios. Fi- nally, we analyzed and compared the impacts of integrated on-site generators among ZEHs on improving economic and environmental performance from an overall energy system. The analysis indicated that PV contributed to a significant ratio of annual ZEH’s economic profit. Fuel cells presented an advantage in reducing annual CO 2 emission. Keywords: Zero energy house | Photovoltaics | Fuel cell | Eco-cute | Home energy management |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Droplet vitrification versus straw cryopreservation for spermatozoa banking in Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) from metabolite point of view
انجماد قطره ای در مقابل انجماد کاه برای بانکی اسپرماتوزوا در ماهیان خاویاری فارسی (Acipenser persicus) از دیدگاه متابولیت-2019 Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus), a commercially valuable and critically endangered fish species has
been suffering considerable declines in populations in the nature due to over-fishing, habitat destruction
and marine pollution during past decades. Since there were no achievements in artificial reproduction
programs, genetic resource banking such as gametes and embryo cryopreservation can be a good
strategy however, reported resulting gamete qualities were considerably low. In the present study, the
metabolome content of Persian sturgeon spermatozoa was investigated during common straw cryopreservation
and novel droplet vitrification by the use of 1H NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopy.
Univariate (ANOVA) and multivariate (PCA) analysis showed significant differences in the
metabolic profiles between cryopreserved and fresh spermatozoa samples. Adenine, creatine, creatine
phosphate, glucose, guanidoacetate, lactate, N, N-dimethylglycine, and glycine levels showed no significant
differences between these two cryopreservation techniques suggesting these metabolites and their
corresponding enzymes and chemical pathways are so vulnerable to the temperature changes and even
higher cooling rate in droplet vitrification could not conserve them. However, significant differences
were found in acetate, creatinine, betaine, b-alanine and trimethylamine N-oxide suggesting better efficiency
of droplet vitrification in protection of some metabolites associated to spermatozoa energetics,
redox balance and hypoxia compensation compared to straw cryopreservation. Keywords : Cryopreservation | Vitrification | Persian sturgeon | Spermatozoa | 1H NMR spectroscopy |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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“Lets preserve the achieved – And ask for more!” - Transformations of gender politics in Croatia
"بیایید برجام را حفظ کنیم - و بیشتر بخواهید!" - تحولات سیاست جنسیتی در کرواسی-2019 Research on gender and transformation in Eastern Europe has often emphasized the great changes that took
place after 1989, without assessing the socialist period. This article analyses the transformation processes of
gender-(relevant) policies in Croatia over 30 years by engaging both with socialism and subsequent transformation
periods of democratization and EU accession. To disclose normative/discursive changes in gender-(relevant)
policies, the article uses feminist historical institutionalism and policy framing. The article provides two
main findings. First, the high positioning of gender-(relevant) policies on the political agenda indicates their
embeddedness into wider economic-led goals. Second, when encountered with changed economic circumstances
because of this embeddedness gender equality is often sacrificed. The article finally suggests that gender policies
require an approach that goes beyond the economic sphere, includes the spheres of labour organization, intimacy
and citizenship, discursively acknowledges differences, and considers the specificities of a local context. Keywords: Gender policy | Feminist historical institutionalism | Policy framing | (post)socialism | Transformation | Social reproduction |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Deep learning for the classification of human sperm
یادگیری عمیق برای طبقه بندی اسپرم های انسانی-2019 Background: Infertility is a global health concern, and couples are increasingly seeking medical assistance to
achieve reproduction. Semen analysis is a primary assessment performed by a clinician, in which the morphology
of the sperm population is evaluated. Machine learning algorithms that automate, standardize, and
expedite sperm classification are the subject of ongoing research.
Method: We demonstrate a deep learning method to classify sperm into one of several World Health
Organization (WHO) shape-based categories. Our method uses VGG16, a deep convolutional neural network
(CNN) initially trained on ImageNet, a collection of human-annotated everyday images, which we retrain for
sperm classification using two freely-available sperm head datasets (HuSHeM and SCIAN).
Results: Our deep learning approach classifies sperm at high accuracy and performs well in head-to-head
comparisons with earlier approaches using identical datasets. We demonstrate improvement in true positive rate
over a classifier approach based on a cascade ensemble of support vector machines (CE-SVM) and show similar
true positive rates as compared to an adaptive patch-based dictionary learning (APDL) method. Retraining an
off-the-shelf VGG16 network avoids excessive neural network computation or having to learn and use the
massive dictionaries required for sparse representation, both of which can be computationally expensive.
Conclusions: We show that our deep learning approach to sperm head classification represents a viable method
to automate, standardize, and accelerate semen analysis. Our approach highlights the potential of artificial
intelligence technologies to eventually exceed human experts in terms of accuracy, reliability, and throughput. Keywords: Convolutional neural network | Deep learning | Fertility | Sperm selection | Sperm diagnostics | Sperm head classification | Transfer learning |
مقاله انگلیسی |